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Mental Institutions in America: Social Policy to 1875
By Robert Golembiewski. 2008
Mental Institutions in America: Social Policy to 1875 examines how American society responded to complex problems arising out of mental…
illness in the nineteenth century. All societies have had to confront sickness, disease, and dependency, and have developed their own ways of dealing with these phenomena. The mental hospital became the characteristic institution charged with the responsibility of providing care and treatment for individuals seemingly incapable of caring for themselves during protracted periods of incapacitation.The services rendered by the hospital were of benefit not merely to the afflicted individual but to the community. Such an institution embodied a series of moral imperatives by providing humane and scientific treatment of disabled individuals, many of whose families were unable to care for them at home or to pay the high costs of private institutional care. Yet the mental hospital has always been more than simply an institution that offered care and treatment for the sick and disabled. Its structure and functions have usually been linked with a variety of external economic, political, social, and intellectual forces, if only because the way in which a society handled problems of disease and dependency was partly governed by its social structure and values.The definition of disease, the criteria for institutionalization, the financial and administrative structures governing hospitals, the nature of the decision-making process, differential care and treatment of various socio-economic groups were issues that transcended strictly medical and scientific considerations. Mental Institutions in America attempts to interpret the mental hospital as a social as well as a medical institution and to illuminate the evolution of policy toward dependent groups such as the mentally ill. This classic text brilliantly studies the past in depth and on its own terms.Community Life for the Mentally Ill: An Alternative to Institutional Care
By George W. Fairweather, David H. Sanders, David L. Cressler, Hugo Maynard. 1969
"Community Life for the Mentally Ill" presents a social innovative experiment aimed at providing new and more participating social positions…
in American society for mental patients. It presents the events that occurred when a courageous group of former chronic mental patients abruptly left a hospital and established their own autonomous sub-society in a large, metropolitan area.In order to complete this experiment, the patients created a small society in the community where discharged patients could live and work. Others evaluated the effects of the newly created society upon the behavior and perceptions of its members, which is also presented here. Both the descriptive and comparative aspects of this study are presented as they occurred in real life. The book is concerned with the medical, economic, sociological, and psychological facets of these former patients' daily lives. The effects of this small society upon the neighborhood and city in which it was located, as well as its effects upon professional persons, are richly explored.Clearly defining a radical departure from standard methods for treating the mentally ill, the authors conclude that such an autonomous society can thrive in the appropriate setting; the ex-patient's chances of employment are increased and the chance of recidivism are reduced; the member's self-esteem is enhanced; treatment costs are greatly reduced; the community adjustment of all members is increased, especially among those who have been hospitalized for a long period. With new guidelines for identifying danger zones in urban settings, this becomes a critical work.Rhetorics of choice have dominated the biosocial discourses surrounding BRCA risk for decades, telling women at genetic risk for breast…
and ovarian cancers that they are free to choose how (and whether) to deal with their risk. Critics argue that women at genetic risk are, in fact, not free to choose but rather are forced to make particular choices. In Being at Genetic Risk, Kelly Pender argues for a change in the conversation around genetic risk that focuses less on choice and more on care.Being at Genetic Risk offers a new set of conceptual starting points for understanding what is at stake with a BRCA diagnosis and what the focus on choice obstructs from view. Through a praxiographic reading of the medical practices associated with BRCA risk, Pender’s analysis shows that genetic risk is not just something BRCA+ women know, but also something that they do. It is through this doing that genetic cancer risk becomes a reality in their lives, one that we can explain but not one that we can explain away.Well researched and thoughtfully argued, Being at Genetic Risk will be welcomed by scholars of rhetoric and communication, particularly those who work in the rhetoric of science, technology, and medicine, as well as scholars in allied fields who study the social, ethical, and political implications of genetic medicine. Pender’s insight will also be of interest to organizations that advocate for those at genetic risk of breast and ovarian cancers.Baptism Through Incision: The Postmortem Cesarean Operation in the Spanish Empire (Latin American Originals #15)
By Martha Few, Zeb Tortorici, Adam Warren. 2020
In 1786, Guatemalan priest Pedro José de Arrese published a work instructing readers on their duty to perform the cesarean…
operation on the bodies of recently deceased pregnant women in order to extract the fetus while it was still alive. Although the fetus’s long-term survival was desired, the overarching goal was to cleanse the unborn child of original sin and ensure its place in heaven. Baptism Through Incision presents Arrese’s complete treatise—translated here into English for the first time—with a critical introduction and excerpts from related primary source texts.Inspired by priests’ writings published in Spain and Sicily beginning in the mid-eighteenth century, Arrese and writers like him in Peru, Mexico, Alta California, Guatemala, and the Philippines penned local medico-religious manuals and guides for performing the operation and baptism. Comparing these texts to one another and placing them in dialogue with archival cases and print culture references, this book traces the genealogy of the postmortem cesarean operation throughout the Spanish Empire and reconstructs the transatlantic circulation of obstetrical and scientific knowledge around childbirth and reproduction. In doing so, it shows that knowledge about cesarean operations and fetal baptism intersected with local beliefs and quickly became part of the new ideas and scientific-medical advancements circulating broadly among transatlantic Enlightenment cultures.A valuable resource for scholars and students of colonial Latin American history, the history of medicine, and the history of women, reproduction, and childbirth, Baptism Through Incision includes translated excerpts of works by Spanish surgeon Jaime Alcalá y Martínez, Mexican physician Ignacio Segura, and Peruvian friar Francisco González Laguna, as well as late colonial Guatemalan instructions, and newspaper articles published in the Gazeta de México, the Gazeta de Guatemala, and the Mercurio Peruano.Sewn in Coal Country: An Oral History of the Ladies’ Garment Industry in Northeastern Pennsylvania, 1945–1995
By Robert P. Wolensky. 2020
By the mid-1930s, Pennsylvania’s anthracite coal industry was facing a steady decline. Mining areas such as the Wyoming Valley around…
the cities of Wilkes-Barre and Pittston were full of willing workers (including women) who proved irresistibly attractive to New York City’s "runaway shops"—ladies’ apparel factories seeking lower labor and other costs. The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union (ILGWU) soon followed, and the Valley became a thriving hub of clothing production and union activity. This volume tells the story of the area’s apparel industry through the voices of men and women who lived it. Drawing from an archive of over sixty audio-recorded interviews within the Northeastern Pennsylvania Oral and Life History Collection, Sewn in Coal Country showcases sixteen stories told by workers, shop owners, union leaders, and others. The interview subjects recount the ILGWU-led movement to organize the shops, the conflicts between the district union and the national office in New York, the solidarity unionism approach of leader Min Matheson, the role of organized crime within the business, and the failed efforts to save the industry in the 1980s and 1990s. Robert P. Wolensky places the narratives in the larger context of American clothing manufacturing during the period and highlights their broader implications for the study of labor, gender, the working class, and oral history.Highly readable and thoroughly enlightening, this significant contribution to the study of labor history and women’s history will appeal to anyone interested in the relationships among workers, unions, management, and community; the effects of economic change on an area and its residents; the role of organized crime within the industry; and Pennsylvania history—especially the social history of industrialization and deindustrialization during the twentieth century.Wiederherstellungsoperationen nach starker Gewichtsabnahme: Ein Patientenratgeber
By Klaus Müller, Zaher Jandali, Lucian Jiga. 2018
Wiederherstellungsoperationen nach starker Gewichtsabnahme Nach einer drastischen Gewichtsabnahme stehen die meisten Betroffenen vor demselben Problem Die …
berfl ssigen Pfunde sind zwar weg aber die u ere H lle ist viel zu gro Diese Haut-Weichteil- bersch sse nach Gewichtsabnahme stellen bei den meisten ein funktionelles Problem mit Krankheitswert dar Erst nachgeordnet stehen oft die sthetischen Anspr che Unangenehmes Schwitzen R tungen Wundscheuern und Pilzinfektionen im Bereich der Hautauflagefl chen sind neben den Bewegungseinschr nkungen nur wenige Beispiele der von den Betroffenen beschriebenen Beschwerden Dieses Buch soll den Betroffenen die aktuellen chirurgischen M glichkeiten der K rperformwiederherstellung nach Gewichtsverlust aufzeigen und mit Ratschl gen zur Seite stehen Wie finden Sie den richtigen Chirurgen worauf sollten Sie in der Sprechstunde achten welche Operationen gibt es und was sind die Unterschiede z B zwischen einem Bodylift und einer Bauchdeckenstraffung welches sind die wesentlichen Risiken und was kostet eine Operation in etwa wenn sie selbst beschafft wird Neben diesen medizinischen Fragen soll aber auch auf das Antragsverfahren und die Kosten bernahme f r solche Operationen eingegangen werden Hier bekommen sie Hilfestellung aus erster Hand von einem Fachanwalt Weitere hilfreiche Tipps werden von einer Betroffenen am Ende des Buches f r Sie zusammengefasstContemporary Management of Jugular Paraganglioma
By George Wanna, Matthew Carlson, James Netterville. 2018
This text will serve as a useful resource for physicians managing jugular paragangliomas the most common tumors of the jugular…
foramen It reviews the challenges often faced in the management of these tumors due to the close proximity to critical adjacent structures including the dura major vasculature otic capsule and coursing cranial nerves More conservative treatment options such as single fraction or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy subtotal tumor resection and conservative observation that minimize morbidity and improve patient function and quality of life is also covered Contemporary Management of Jugular Paraganglioma provides a concise yet comprehensive overview of the current status of the field that will help guide otolaryngologists neurosurgeons facial plastic surgeons speech pathologists and residents involved in the care of patients with jugular paragangliomaSleep Disorders in Women: A Guide to Practical Management (Current Clinical Neurology)
By Mari Viola-Saltzman, Hrayr Attarian. 2020
This book provides a thorough, multidisciplinary review of the latest research and clinical approaches in the field of sleep disorders.…
It illustrates the variance of complications, symptoms, and issues sleep disorders cause during different stages of a woman’s life. This updated, comprehensive edition begins with an overview of sleep disorders in women, followed by a section dedicated to examining sleep disorders in women during adolescence. Subsequent chapters then focus on treating pregnant women with sleep disorders, which include conditions such as restless legs syndrome, that arise during the gestational period as well as those like narcolepsy, whose management offers unique challenges during pregnancy and lactation. The book concludes with information on the specific issues caused by sleep disorders faced by women during and after menopause. Sleep Disorders in Women, 3rd Edition serves as an important addition to the literature and is an invaluable resource for neurologists, sleep medicine specialists, OB/GYNs, internal medicine physicians, family practitioners, psychiatrists, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants.Near Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications
By Daniel Jaque, Antonio Benayas, Eva Hemmer, Guosong Hong. 2020
This book analyzes and evaluates the growing field of light-emitting nanoprobes as contrast agents for in vivo imaging and sensing. It is…
a comprehensive resource that critically analyzes the state of the art in an interdisciplinary manner, with a special focus on the shift of emission wavelengths into the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region (ranging from 0.7 to 2 microns), which has greatly contributed to the latest advances in biomedical imaging and sensing. This book discusses merits of different contrast agents at nanoscale, and how their unique chemical and structural properties lead to the emission and interaction of light within the NIR window. Both the NIR-emitting materials and various surface modification strategies governing their interactions with the biological system at the “nano” level are discussed. Furthermore, different experimental techniques and protocols for NIR-light-based in vivo imaging and sensing are addressed to shed light on further understanding of the advantages and limitations of each category of these nanoprobes. Assembles the state of the art heretofore appearing in scientific literature into a comprehensive, multi-perspective guidebook on near infrared-emitting nanomaterials in an assortment of biomedical applications;Explains the physical, chemical, and biological phenomena underlying near infrared-emitting nanomaterials for biomedical applications;Presents conceptual and experimental approaches surrounding a unique spectral range of light emission from nanosized contrast agents, while offering a clear explanation of basic and general phenomena regarding the interaction between light and biological tissues, such as absorption, scattering and autofluorescence.This book presents the latest research on non-coding RNAs in cardiovascular disease, a major cause of death worldwide. Non-coding RNAs…
play a significant role in development, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Since altered non-coding RNA expression is often associated with various diseases, their potential use in diagnostics, prognostics and therapeutics is an important current area of study. The book consists of six parts: 1) An overview of non-coding RNAs and cardiovascular system, 2) Bioinformatics and interactions, 3) Non-coding RNA regulation in cardiovascular system, 4) Non-coding RNAs and cardiovascular diseases, 5) Potential biomarkers and therapeutic implications, 6) Future prospects. It is particularly useful for researchers and students in the field of non-coding RNA and cardiovascular biology, as well as for cardiologists, pharmacologists and physiologists.Statistical Methods for Global Health and Epidemiology: Principles, Methods and Applications (ICSA Book Series in Statistics)
By Xinguang Chen, Din Ding-Geng Chen. 2020
This book examines statistical methods and models used in the fields of global health and epidemiology. It includes methods such…
as innovative probability sampling, data harmonization and encryption, and advanced descriptive, analytical and monitory methods. Program codes using R are included as well as real data examples. Contemporary global health and epidemiology involves a myriad of medical and health challenges, including inequality of treatment, the HIV/AIDS epidemic and its subsequent control, the flu, cancer, tobacco control, drug use, and environmental pollution. In addition to its vast scales and telescopic perspective; addressing global health concerns often involves examining resource-limited populations with large geographic, socioeconomic diversities. Therefore, advancing global health requires new epidemiological design, new data, and new methods for sampling, data processing, and statistical analysis. This book provides global health researchers with methods that will enable access to and utilization of existing data. Featuring contributions from both epidemiological and biostatistical scholars, this book is a practical resource for researchers, practitioners, and students in solving global health problems in research, education, training, and consultation.Ratgeber Schlaganfall, Schädelhirntrauma und MS: Das Leben mit neurologischer Erkrankung gestalten
By Peter Berlit, Caroline Kuhn. 2018
Dieses Buch bietet f r medizinische Laien plausible Erkl rungsmodelle f r Hirnleistungsst rungen wie Schwindel…
Ged chtnisprobleme M digkeit oder Sehst rungen und fehlende Belastbarkeit Damit der Alltag nach der Rehabilitationsphase gut gelingt macht der Ratgeber verst ndlich was im Gehirn passiert wenn solche Probleme auftreten - zum Beispiel als Folgen von Schlaganfall oder einem Sch delhirntrauma bei Multipler Sklerose oder einem Hirntumor Das Buch bietet dem Betroffenen L sungen und Strategien an wie er damit gut umgehen und weiter am Leben teilnehmen kann Mit vielen bungen und Tipps f r Betroffene und Angeh rige wie Probleme im Alltag entsch rft und kritische Situationen gemeistert werden k nnen Ein Buch das Mut macht den Weg zur ck in die aktive Gestaltung des Alltags und in den Beruf zu findenElements of French Deaf Heritage
By Harlan Lane, Ulf Hedberg. 2019
French Deaf culture is regarded as a major influence on the formation of other Deaf cultures around the world, notably…
American Deaf culture. In Elements of French Deaf Heritage, Ulf Hedberg and Harlan Lane document the development of Deaf culture in France by way of Deaf schools, Deaf associations, private and professional networks, publishing, and the arts. This highly visual work captures these forces from the late 18th century through the end of the 19th century, when cultural formation began to shift to cultural maintenance. Encyclopedic in scope, this examination of the evolution of Deaf ethnicity in France aims to disseminate an extensive amount of archival information, now available for the first time in the English language.Predictable Pleasures: Food and the Pursuit of Balance in Rural Yucatán (At Table)
By Lauren A. Wynne. 2020
The pursuit of balance pervades everyday life in rural Yucatán, Mexico, from the delicate negotiations between a farmer and the…
neighbor who wants to buy his beans to the careful addition of sour orange juice to a rich plate of eggs fried in lard. Based on intensive fieldwork in one indigenous Yucatecan community, Predictable Pleasures explores the desire for balance in this region and the many ways it manifests in human interactions with food. As shifting social conditions, especially a decline in agriculture and a deepening reliance on regional tourism, transform the manners in which people work and eat, residents of this community grapple with new ways of surviving and finding pleasure. Lauren A. Wynne examines the convergence of food and balance through deep analysis of what locals describe as acts of care. Drawing together rich ethnographic data on how people produce, exchange, consume, and talk about food, this book posits food as an accessible, pleasurable, and deeply important means by which people in rural Yucatán make clear what matters to them, finding balance in a world that seems increasingly imbalanced. Unlike many studies of globalization that point to the dissolution of local social bonds and practices, Predictable Pleasures presents an array of enduring values and practices, tracing their longevity to the material constraints of life in rural Yucatán, the deep historical and cosmological significance of food in this region, and the stubborn nature of bodily habits and tastes.After the fall of the Porfirio Díaz regime, pueblo representatives sent hundreds of petitions to Pres. Francisco I. Madero, demanding that…
the executive branch of government assume the judiciary&’s control over their unresolved lawsuits against landowners, local bosses, and other villages. The Madero administration tried to use existing laws to settle land conflicts but always stopped short of invading judicial authority. In contrast, the two main agrarian reform programs undertaken in revolutionary Mexico—those implemented by Emiliano Zapata and Venustiano Carranza—subordinated the judiciary to the executive branch and thereby reshaped the postrevolutionary state with the support of villagers, who actively sided with one branch of government over another. In Matters of Justice Helga Baitenmann offers the first detailed account of the Zapatista and Carrancista agrarian reform programs as they were implemented in practice at the local level and then reconfigured in response to unanticipated inter- and intravillage conflicts. Ultimately, the Zapatista land reform, which sought to redistribute land throughout the country, remained an unfulfilled utopia. In contrast, Carrancista laws, intended to resolve quickly an urgent problem in a time of war, had lasting effects on the legal rights of millions of land beneficiaries and accidentally became the pillar of a program that redistributed about half the national territory.The Jews of Eighteenth-Century Jamaica: A Testamentary History of a Diaspora in Transition
By Stanley Mirvis. 2020
An in-depth look at the Portuguese Jews of Jamaica and their connections to broader European and Atlantic trade networks Based…
on last wills and testaments composed by Jamaican Jews between 1673 and 1815, this book explores the social and familial experiences of one of the most critical yet understudied nodes of the Atlantic Portuguese Jewish Diaspora. Stanley Mirvis examines how Jamaica&’s Jews put down roots as traders, planters, pen keepers, physicians, fishermen, and metalworkers, and reveals how their presence shaped the colony as much as settlement in the tropical West Indies transformed the lives of the island&’s Jews.The Terrorist Album: Apartheid’s Insurgents, Collaborators, and the Security Police
By Jacob Dlamini. 2020
An award-winning historian and journalist tells the very human story of apartheid’s afterlife, tracing the fates of South African insurgents,…
collaborators, and the security police through the tale of the clandestine photo album used to target apartheid’s enemies. From the 1960s until the early 1990s, the South African security police and counterinsurgency units collected over 7,000 photographs of apartheid’s enemies. The political rogue’s gallery was known as the “terrorist album,” copies of which were distributed covertly to police stations throughout the country. Many who appeared in the album were targeted for surveillance. Sometimes the security police tried to turn them; sometimes the goal was elimination. All of the albums were ordered destroyed when apartheid’s violent collapse began. But three copies survived the memory purge. With full access to one of these surviving albums, award-winning South African historian and journalist Jacob Dlamini investigates the story behind these images: their origins, how they were used, and the lives they changed. Extensive interviews with former targets and their family members testify to the brutal and often careless work of the police. Although the police certainly hunted down resisters, the terrorist album also contains mug shots of bystanders and even regime supporters. Their inclusion is a stark reminder that apartheid’s guardians were not the efficient, if morally compromised, law enforcers of legend but rather blundering agents of racial panic. With particular attentiveness to the afterlife of apartheid, Dlamini uncovers the stories of former insurgents disenchanted with today’s South Africa, former collaborators seeking forgiveness, and former security police reinventing themselves as South Africa’s newest export: “security consultants” serving as mercenaries for Western nations and multinational corporations. The Terrorist Album is a brilliant evocation of apartheid’s tragic caprice, ultimate failure, and grim legacy.Percutaneous and Non-fluoroscopical (PAN) Procedure for Structural Heart Disease
By Horst Sievert, Ziyad M. Hijazi, Xiangbin Pan. 2020
This book provides an extensive discussion of echocardiography-guided percutaneous interventional techniques for clinical practitioners, including cardiologists, interventional physicians, surgeons and…
specialist training candidates. It allows readers to gain a thorough understanding of interpreting echocardiography-guided procedures, which not only protect patients from pain and other complications associated with conventional surgery, but also obviate the use of fluoroscopy or contrast agents and so avoid radiation damage and the risks of allergy or renal function impairment. Further, these procedures could help to save patients in areas lacking medical resources. The book first demonstrates the substitution of transesophageal for transthoracic echocardiography to avoid intubation under general anesthesia, and then presents key technical and practical aspects of echo-guided percutaneous interventions for structural heart diseases, such as ASD, VSD, PDA, PS, MS, AS and CoA. Lastly, it explores the lessons learned in echocardiography, anesthesia and postprocedural management of echo-guided percutaneous interventions.Capitalism's Hidden Worlds (Hagley Perspectives on Business and Culture)
By Lisa Jacobson, Kenneth Lipartito. 2020
A dynamic social history of shadow capitalism spanning the late nineteenth and twentieth centuriesObservers see free markets, the relentless pursuit…
of profit, and the unremitting drive to commodify everything as capitalism's defining characteristics. These most visible economic features, however, obscure a range of other less evident, often unmeasured activities that occur on the margins and in the concealed corners of the formal economy. The range of practices in this large and diverse hidden realm encompasses traders in recycled materials and the architects of junk bonds and shadow banking. It includes the black and semi-licit markets that allow wealthy elites to avoid taxes and the unmeasured domestic and emotional labor of homemakers and home care workers. By some estimates, the unmeasured economic activity that occurs within the household, informal market, and underground economy amounts to a substantial portion of all economic activity in the world, as much as 30 percent in some countries.Capitalism's Hidden Worlds sheds new light on this shadowy economic landscape by reexamining how we think about the market. In particular, it scrutinizes the missed connections between the official, visible realm of exchange and the uncounted and invisible sectors that border it. While some hidden markets emerged in opposition to the formal economy, much of the obscured economy described in this volume operates as the other side of the legitimate, state-sanctioned marketplace. A variety of historical actors—from fortune tellers and forgers to tax lawyers and black market consumers—have constructed this unseen world in tandem with the observable public world of transactions. Others, such as feminist development economists and government regulators, have worked to bring the darkened corners of the economy to light. The essays in Capitalism's Hidden Worlds explore how the capitalist marketplace sustains itself, how it acquires legitimacy and even prestige, and how the marginalized and the dispossessed find ways to make ends meet.Contributors: Bruce Baker, Eileen Boris, Eli Cook, Hannah Frydman, James Hollis, Owen Hyman, Anna Kushkova, Christopher McKenna, Kenneth Mouré, Philip Scranton, Bryan Turo.ERCP: The Fundamentals
By Peter B. Cotton, Joseph W. Leung. 2021
Provides the comprehensive knowledge required to perform ERCP safely and effectively Authored by the very best in the field, this…
“how-to” guide to mastering the crucial yet complex gastrointestinal procedure called endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) covers the entire range of both standard and advanced techniques, using a highly practical approach. It also places a strong emphasis on patient education, safety, and minimizing risks, offering “tips and tricks” and key points throughout to aid rapid understanding. The book is filled with over 250 illustrations Covering ERCP preparation, techniques, clinical applications, and quality and safety, ERCP: The Fundamentals, 3rd Edition begins with chapters on “getting prepared,” including training and competence; facilities and equipment; risk assessment and reduction; sedation, anesthesia, and medications. It then covers “what can be done,” describing standard devices and techniques; intraductal therapies; ampullectomy; and reporting and documentation. Next it has chapters on “what should be done,” clinical applications of ERCP in acute cholangitis; peri-cholecystectomy; difficult bile duct stones; biliary pain; and numerous forms of pancreatitis. The book finishes with coverage of adverse events and how to ensure competent practice. Teaches all of the standard and advanced ERCP techniques Focuses on patient safety/comfort throughout Brilliantly-illustrated with endoscopic, EUS and radiologic images, and anatomical drawings Offers a step-by-step, practical approach to ERCP—highlighting potential technical and anatomical hazards Packed with tips and tricks boxes and key points boxes to assist comprehension 20 high-definition videos of ERCP performed by the experts, perfect to improve clinical technique Full reference to the very latest ASGE, ACG, ASG and UEGW guidelines throughout Brought to you by world pioneers in endoscopy, ERCP: The Fundamentals, 3rd Edition is an essential purchase for gastroenterologists and endoscopists of all levels.