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A Logical Theory of Causality
By Alexander Bochman. 2021
A general formal theory of causal reasoning as a logical study of causal models, reasoning, and inference.In this book, Alexander…
Bochman presents a general formal theory of causal reasoning as a logical study of causal models, reasoning, and inference, basing it on a supposition that causal reasoning is not a competitor of logical reasoning but its complement for situations lacking logically sufficient data or knowledge. Bochman also explores the relationship of this theory with the popular structural equation approach to causality proposed by Judea Pearl and explores several applications ranging from artificial intelligence to legal theory, including abduction, counterfactuals, actual and proximate causality, dynamic causal models, and reasoning about action and change in artificial intelligence. As logical preparation, before introducing causal concepts, Bochman describes an alternative, situation-based semantics for classical logic that provides a better understanding of what can be captured by purely logical means. He then presents another prerequisite, outlining those parts of a general theory of nonmonotonic reasoning that are relevant to his own theory. These two components provide a logical background for the main, two-tier formalism of the causal calculus that serves as the formal basis of his theory. He presents the main causal formalism of the book as a natural generalization of classical logic that allows for causal reasoning. This provides a formal background for subsequent chapters. Finally, Bochman presents a generalization of causal reasoning to dynamic domains.What's the Use?: How Mathematics Shapes Everyday Life
By Ian Stewart. 2021
See the world in a completely new way as an esteemed mathematician shows how math powers the world—from technology to…
health care and beyond. Almost all of us have sat in a math class, wondering when we'd ever need to know how to find the roots of a polynomial or graph imaginary numbers. And in one sense, we were right: if we needed to, we'd use a computer. But as Ian Stewart argues in What's the Use?, math isn't just about boring computations. Rather, it offers us new and profound insights into our world, allowing us to accomplish feats as significant as space exploration and organ donation. From the trigonometry that keeps a satellite in orbit to the prime numbers used by the world's most advanced security systems to the imaginary numbers that enable augmented reality, math isn't just relevant to our lives. It is the very fabric of our existence.Explainable and Transparent AI and Multi-Agent Systems: Third International Workshop, EXTRAAMAS 2021, Virtual Event, May 3–7, 2021, Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12688)
By Davide Calvaresi, Amro Najjar, Kary Främling, Michael Winikoff. 2021
This book constitutes the proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Explainable, Transparent AI and Multi-Agent Systems, EXTRAAMAS 2021, which…
was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.The 19 long revised papers and 1 short contribution were carefully selected from 32 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: XAI & machine learning; XAI vision, understanding, deployment and evaluation; XAI applications; XAI logic and argumentation; decentralized and heterogeneous XAI.This book contains the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Knowledge Management in Organizations, KMO 2021, held in…
Kaohsiung, Taiwan, in July 2021. The 28 full papers and 9 short papers accepted for KMO 2021 were selected from 86 submissions and are organized in topical sections on: knowledge management models and analysis; knowledge transfer and learning; knowledge and service innovation; knowledge and organization; information systems and information science; privacy and security; intelligent science and data mining; AI and new trends in IT.This book presents a series of recent studies that introduce current topics and novel concepts in the field of information…
science.Among the chapters are discussions of the contribution of information science to society in the dual context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and Agenda 2030, some negative aspects of information behaviour, including criminal activities in the dark web and the hikikomori phenomenon, the hot issues of fake news and hate speech from a library and information science perspective, gamification in libraries, and the new concepts of ‘jamography’ and ‘disnormative information’. Intended for information specialists and researchers, librarians and library and information science students, the book analyses how people use information, what their information needs are and how these needs are satisfied in today’s digital world. The book can also serve as a useful reference for the education and training of students and specialists in library and information services.Foundations of Blockchain: Theory and Applications (SpringerBriefs in Computer Science)
By Panos M. Pardalos, M. Hadi Amini, Ahmed Imteaj. 2021
This book provides a comprehensive analysis of fundamental topics related to blockchain. Throughout, the authors explore different vital issues and…
specific areas of blockchain. For convenience, the authors present the elementary description, visualize the working procedure of blockchain paradigm, and highlight the areas it can be applied in real life. They explain the blockchain process from a diverse perspective i.e. distributed Internet of Things (IoT), interdependent networks, intelligent mining, etc. They also analyze the interconnection of a blockchain network and such novel research areas to show a pathway towards a new research direction. This book also holds the core challenges and open research issues of blockchain technology, considering existing applications. Chapters include consensus mechanisms of blockchain, blockchain applicability in centralized and decentralized internet of things, blockchain interoperability from the perspective of interdependent networks, and blockchain for resource-constrained devices.Specifies the importance of theoretical methods in dealing with problems in the context of blockchain for interdependent decision making;Provides a comprehensive investigation of blockchain algorithms and the recently developed methods based on this algorithm;Provides basics and mathematical foundations needed to learn and deploy blockchain.Modeling and Simulation of Complex Dynamical Systems: Virtual Laboratory Approach based on Wolfram SystemModeler
By Shaharin Anwar Sulaiman, Vladimir Ryzhov, Tatiana Fedorova, Kirill Safronov, Mark Ovinis, Veeradasan Perumal. 2021
This book highlights the practical aspects of computer modelling and simulation of complex dynamical systems for students. Mechanical systems are…
considered in the book as representative examples of dynamical systems. Wolfram SystemModeler, in combination with Learning Management System Sakai, is used as an instrument for studying features of various physical and technical phenomena and processes. Each of the presented virtual labs may be considered a stand-alone mini project to enable students to go through all the steps of mathematical modelling and computer simulation—from the problem statement to mathematical and physical analysis of the obtained result. The book is useful for teachers to organize the educational process, allowing gradual monitoring of the learning process and assessment of students’ competencies. It also allows tutors to design individual educational trajectories for students to achieve educational properties. The subject of the book is an extension of activity started by the international team of authors within the InMotion project of the European programme ERASMUS+.AI for Digital Warfare (AI for Everything)
By Niklas Hageback, Daniel Hedblom. 2021
AI for Digital Warfare explores how the weaponising of artificial intelligence can and will change how warfare is being conducted,…
and what impact it will have on the corporate world. With artificial intelligence tools becoming increasingly advanced, and in many cases more humanlike, their potential in psychological warfare is being recognised, which means digital warfare can move beyond just shutting down IT systems into more all-encompassing hybrid war strategies.Recent advances in the area of lifted inference, which exploits the structure inherent in relational probabilistic models.Statistical relational AI (StaRAI)…
studies the integration of reasoning under uncertainty with reasoning about individuals and relations. The representations used are often called relational probabilistic models. Lifted inference is about how to exploit the structure inherent in relational probabilistic models, either in the way they are expressed or by extracting structure from observations. This book covers recent significant advances in the area of lifted inference, providing a unifying introduction to this very active field. After providing necessary background on probabilistic graphical models, relational probabilistic models, and learning inside these models, the book turns to lifted inference, first covering exact inference and then approximate inference. In addition, the book considers the theory of liftability and acting in relational domains, which allows the connection of learning and reasoning in relational domains.Human-in-the-Loop Machine Learning: Active learning and annotation for human-centered AI
By Robert Munro Monarch. 2021
Human-in-the-Loop Machine Learning lays out methods for humans and machines to work together effectively. Summary Most machine learning systems that…
are deployed in the world today learn from human feedback. However, most machine learning courses focus almost exclusively on the algorithms, not the human-computer interaction part of the systems. This can leave a big knowledge gap for data scientists working in real-world machine learning, where data scientists spend more time on data management than on building algorithms. Human-in-the-Loop Machine Learning is a practical guide to optimizing the entire machine learning process, including techniques for annotation, active learning, transfer learning, and using machine learning to optimize every step of the process. Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. About the technology Machine learning applications perform better with human feedback. Keeping the right people in the loop improves the accuracy of models, reduces errors in data, lowers costs, and helps you ship models faster. About the book Human-in-the-Loop Machine Learning lays out methods for humans and machines to work together effectively. You&’ll find best practices on selecting sample data for human feedback, quality control for human annotations, and designing annotation interfaces. You&’ll learn to create training data for labeling, object detection, and semantic segmentation, sequence labeling, and more. The book starts with the basics and progresses to advanced techniques like transfer learning and self-supervision within annotation workflows. What's inside Identifying the right training and evaluation data Finding and managing people to annotate data Selecting annotation quality control strategies Designing interfaces to improve accuracy and efficiency About the author Robert (Munro) Monarch is a data scientist and engineer who has built machine learning data for companies such as Apple, Amazon, Google, and IBM. He holds a PhD from Stanford. Robert holds a PhD from Stanford focused on Human-in-the-Loop machine learning for healthcare and disaster response, and is a disaster response professional in addition to being a machine learning professional. A worked example throughout this text is classifying disaster-related messages from real disasters that Robert has helped respond to in the past. Table of Contents PART 1 - FIRST STEPS 1 Introduction to human-in-the-loop machine learning 2 Getting started with human-in-the-loop machine learning PART 2 - ACTIVE LEARNING 3 Uncertainty sampling 4 Diversity sampling 5 Advanced active learning 6 Applying active learning to different machine learning tasks PART 3 - ANNOTATION 7 Working with the people annotating your data 8 Quality control for data annotation 9 Advanced data annotation and augmentation 10 Annotation quality for different machine learning tasks PART 4 - HUMAN–COMPUTER INTERACTION FOR MACHINE LEARNING 11 Interfaces for data annotation 12 Human-in-the-loop machine learning productsComputer Aided Verification: 33rd International Conference, CAV 2021, Virtual Event, July 20–23, 2021, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12760)
By K. Rustan M. Leino, Alexandra Silva. 2021
This open access two-volume set LNCS 12759 and 12760 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Computer…
Aided Verification, CAV 2021, held virtually in July 2021.The 63 full papers presented together with 16 tool papers and 5 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 290 submissions. The papers were organized in the following topical sections: Part I: invited papers; AI verification; concurrency and blockchain; hybrid and cyber-physical systems; security; and synthesis. Part II: complexity and termination; decision procedures and solvers; hardware and model checking; logical foundations; and software verification.Java to Kotlin
By Duncan McGregor, Nat Pryce. 2021
It takes a week to travel the 8,000 miles overland from Java to Kotlin. If you're an experienced Java developer…
who has tried the Kotlin language, you were probably productive in about the same time.You'll have found that they do things differently in Kotlin, though. Nullability is important, collections are different, and classes are final by default. Kotlin is more functional, but what does that mean, and how should it change the way that you program? And what about all that Java code that you still have to support?Your tour guides Duncan and Nat first made the trip in 2015, and they've since helped many teams and individuals follow in their footsteps. Travel with them as they break the route down into legs like Optional to Nullable, Beans to Values, and Open to Sealed Classes. Each explains a key concept and then shows how to refactor production Java to idiomatic Kotlin, gradually and safely, while maintaining interoperability.The resulting code is simpler, more expressive, and easier to change. By the end of the journey, you'll be confident in refactoring Java to Kotlin, writing Kotlin from scratch, and managing a mixed language codebase as it evolves over time.Testing Elixir: Effective And Robust Testing For Elixir And Its Ecosystem
By Andrea Leopardi, Jeffrey Matthias. 2021
Elixir offers new paradigms, and challenges you to test in unconventional ways. Start with ExUnit: almost everything you need to…
write tests covering all levels of detail, from unit to integration, but only if you know how to use it to the fullest - we'll show you how. Explore testing Elixir-specific challenges such as OTP-based modules, asynchronous code, Ecto-based applications, and Phoenix applications. Explore new tools like Mox for mocks and StreamData for property-based testing. Armed with this knowledge, you can create test suites that add value to your production cycle and guard you from regressions. Write Elixir tests that you can be proud of. Dive into Elixir's test philosophy and gain mastery over the terminology and concepts that underlie good tests. Create and structure a comprehensive ExUnit test suite, starting from the basics, and build comprehensive test coverage that will provide safety for refactoring and confidence that your code performs as designed. Use tests to make your software more reliable and fault tolerant. Explore the basic tool set provided by ExUnit and Mix to write and organize your test suite. Test code built around different OTP functionality. Isolate your code through dependency injection and by using Mox. Write comprehensive tests for Ecto projects, covering Ecto as a database tool as well as a standalone data validation tool. Test Phoenix channels from end to end, including authentication and joining topics. Write Phoenix controller tests and understand the concepts of integration testing in Elixir. Learn property-based testing with StreamData from the author who wrote the library. Code with high confidence that you are getting the most out of your test suite, with the right tools that make testing your code a pleasure and a valuable part of your development cycle. What You Need: To get the most out of this book, you will need to have installed Elixir 1.8 or later and Erlang/OTP 21 or later. In order to complete the relevant chapters, you will also need Ecto 3.1 or later, EctoSQL 3.1 or later and Phoenix 1.3 or later.The 7th Bandung Creative Movement conference presented the theme "Dynamics of Industrial Revolution 4.0" which discussed how the digital world…
and connectivity changed human culture in various aspects of life, and transformed in accordance to human needs and social culture. Digital technology has transformed society to serve people from manufacturing needs to smart cities, from network connectivity to people connectivity. The application of information technology has helped in improving live quality and environmental sustainability. Digital transformation is revolutionizing how businesses and workers interconnect to be more productive and efficient. The result is improved collaboration, faster processes and time-to-market, lower costs and better products. Devices are getting smarter, meaning they are able to perform more and more tasks without human intervention; moreover, these devices generate data that provide insights to further improve processes and gain greater efficiencies. Moreover, with the Internet of Things (IoT), all these smart devices are interconnected in ways that not only help make them even smarter, but also enhances the intelligence of the overall system. Digital technology is a formidable driver for the transformation of a highly carbon-dependent world into one that is more ecologically ‘smart.’ We are entering a new era of environmental innovation that is driving better alignment between technology and environmental goals. Since its first announcement in 2011, industrial revolution 4.0 has dynamically changed and transformed to adjust itself to the human needs and to serve more efficiency and effectiveness of everyday life as well as environmental enhancement. The 7th Bandung Creative Movement has brought forward discussions on dynamic changes, ups and downs, innovations, relations of industrial revolution of the internet of thing, data, automation, to human physical world, new art and aesthetic, business, product innovation, built environment, and education.The Next Wave of Sociotechnical Design: 16th International Conference on Design Science Research in Information Systems and Technology, DESRIST 2021, Kristiansand, Norway, August 4–6, 2021, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12807)
By Stefan Seidel, Leona Chandra Kruse, Geir Inge Hausvik. 2021
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Design Science Research in Information Systems and…
Technology, DESRIST 2021, held in Kristiansand, Norway, in August 2021.*The 24 revised full research papers, included in the volume together with 6 short contributions and 7 prototype papers, were carefully reviewed and selected from 78 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: impactful sociotechnical design; problem and contribution articulation; design knowledge for reuse; emerging methods and frameworks for DSR; DSR and governance; the new boundaries of DSR.*Apart from the planned on-site event, the hybrid conference model was explored due to the Covid-19 pandemic.2021 International Conference on Applications and Techniques in Cyber Intelligence: Applications and Techniques in Cyber Intelligence (ATCI 2021) Volume 2 (Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies #81)
By Xiaolu Zhang, Jemal Abawajy, Mohammed Atiquzzaman, Zheng Xu. 2021
This book presents innovative ideas, cutting-edge findings, and novel techniques, methods, and applications in a broad range of cybersecurity and…
cyberthreat intelligence areas. As our society becomes smarter, there is a corresponding need to secure our cyberfuture. The book describes approaches and findings that are of interest to business professionals and governments seeking to secure our data and underpin infrastructures, as well as to individual users. 1. Highlights recent applications and techniques in cyber intelligence2. Includes the proceedings of the 2021 International Conference on Applications and Techniques in Cyber Intelligence (ATCI 2021) 3. Presents a broad range of scientific research on cyber intelligenceData Science at the Command Line
By Jeroen Janssens. 2021
This thoroughly revised guide demonstrates how the flexibility of the command line can help you become a more efficient and…
productive data scientist. You'll learn how to combine small yet powerful command-line tools to quickly obtain, scrub, explore, and model your data. To get you started, author Jeroen Janssens provides a Docker image packed with over 80 tools--useful whether you work with Windows, macOS, or Linux.You'll quickly discover why the command line is an agile, scalable, and extensible technology. Even if you're comfortable processing data with Python or R, you'll learn how to greatly improve your data science workflow by leveraging the command line's power. This book is ideal for data scientists, analysts, and engineers; software and machine learning engineers; and system administrators.Obtain data from websites, APIs, databases, and spreadsheetsPerform scrub operations on text, CSV, HTM, XML, and JSON filesExplore data, compute descriptive statistics, and create visualizationsManage your data science workflowCreate reusable command-line tools from one-liners and existing Python or R codeParallelize and distribute data-intensive pipelinesModel data with dimensionality reduction, clustering, regression, and classification algorithmsVirus Bioinformatics (Chapman & Hall/CRC Computational Biology Series)
By Dmitrij Frishman, Manja Marz. 2021
Viruses are the most numerous and deadliest biological entities on the planet, infecting all types of living organisms—from bacteria to…
human beings. The constantly expanding repertoire of experimental approaches available to study viruses includes both low-throughput techniques, such as imaging and 3D structure determination, and modern OMICS technologies, such as genome sequencing, ribosomal profiling, and RNA structure probing. Bioinformatics of viruses faces significant challenges due to their seemingly unlimited diversity, unusual lifestyle, great variety of replication strategies, compact genome organization, and rapid rate of evolution. At the same time, it also has the potential to deliver decisive clues for developing vaccines and medications against dangerous viral outbreaks, such as the recent coronavirus pandemics. Virus Bioinformatics reviews state-of-the-art bioinformatics algorithms and recent advances in data analysis in virology. FEATURES Contributions from leading international experts in the field Discusses open questions and urgent needs Covers a broad spectrum of topics, including evolution, structure, and function of viruses, including coronaviruses The book will be of great interest to computational biologists wishing to venture into the rapidly advancing field of virus bioinformatics as well as to virologists interested in acquiring basic bioinformatics skills to support their wet lab work.Practical Vaadin: Developing Web Applications in Java
By Alejandro Duarte. 2021
Implement web applications in Java using the open-source Vaadin framework version 20 and later. This easy-to-follow book covers all the…
key concepts and steps to become competent with modern versions of Vaadin. The book covers everything from setting up the development environment to implementing advanced features such as Server Push and database connectivity. The book helps you become proficient in the Vaadin framework, prepare for Vaadin certifications, and shows you how to apply the power of the Java programming language in developing applications for the web.Author Alejandro Duarte starts with an introduction to web development and its key technologies. He then describes and demonstrates how Vaadin simplifies web development by allowing you to implement web graphical user interfaces using the Java programming language without having to code in JavaScript or HTML. Once a solid foundation on the key web and Vaadin concepts is established, Duarte digs deeper into explaining layouts and user interface components such as combo boxes, dialogs, upload fields, and data grids. He also covers topics such as styling with CSS, data binding, client-side views implementation with TypeScript, and integration with Spring Boot and Jakarta EE.What You Will LearnBuild web applications in Java using Servlet technology and VaadinCombine layouts and user interface components to create views in JavaConnect values in UI components to Java objects in the server through data bindingCustomize display styles and add responsive capabilities using CSSDisplay tabular data using the Grid componentImplement client-side views using TypeScriptIntegrate Vaadin applications with Spring Boot and Jakarta EEConnect Vaadin applications to SQL databasesWho This Book Is ForDevelopers with a basic or higher knowledge of Java programming who want to build on their Java skills to create web graphical user interfaces, Java developers who want to create web applications without having to code in JavaScript, and developers who are preparing to take and pass Vaadin certification examsInternational Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Proceedings of ICAIAA 2019 (Algorithms for Intelligent Systems)
By Nilanjan Dey, Marcin Paprzycki, Mahesh Bundele, Harish Sharma, Garima Mathur. 2020
This book introduces research presented at the “International Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Advances and Applications-2019 (ICAIAA 2019),” a two-day conference…
and workshop bringing together leading academicians, researchers as well as students to share their experiences and findings on all aspects of engineering applications of artificial intelligence. The book covers research in the areas of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning applications in health care, agriculture, business and security. It also includes research in core concepts of computer networks, intelligent system design and deployment, real-time systems, WSN, sensors and sensor nodes, SDN and NFV. As such it is a valuable resource for students, academics and practitioners in industry working on AI applications.