Title search results
Showing 141 - 160 of 9380 items
Elite Parties, Poor Voters
By Tariq Thachil. 2014
Why do poor people often vote against their material interests? This puzzle has been famously studied within wealthy Western democracies,…
yet the fact that the poor voter paradox also routinely manifests within poor countries has remained unexplored. This book studies how this paradox emerged in India, the world's largest democracy. Tariq Thachil shows how arguments from studies of wealthy democracies (such as moral values voting) and the global south (such as patronage or ethnic appeals) cannot explain why poor voters in poor countries support parties that represent elite policy interests. He instead draws on extensive survey data and fieldwork to document a novel strategy through which elite parties can recruit the poor, while retaining the rich. He shows how these parties can win over disadvantaged voters by privately providing them with basic social services via grassroots affiliates. Such outsourcing permits the party itself to continue to represent the policy interests of their privileged base.Origins of the Women's Rights Movement (Finding a Voice: Women's Fight for Equal)
By Leeanne Gelletly. 2013
In the 1800s, women were second-class citizens. By law, married women were owned by their husbands. Women had no political…
rights. They could not vote. They could not hold office. By custom, women did not dare speak before men in public. But some women refused to be silenced. They saw wrongs in the world that needed fixing. The injustice of slavery led women like Lucretia Mott, Angelina Grimké, and Lucy Stone to step outside traditional roles. As women abolitionists, they lectured, circulated petitions, and lobbied lawmakers. But female reformers soon became frustrated. Men-only groups prevented women from speaking. Their help was often rejected. This led a determined few to call for equal rights for women. Among the movement's early leaders were Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony. Along with many other women activists, they would fight for a woman's right to be a true citizen of the United States.Population and Overcrowding (Africa: Progress and Problems)
By Tunde Obadina. 2014
Africa is the worlds poorest continent, and it also has the worlds fastest-growing population. Many observers have concluded that overpopulation…
is a root cause of Africas poverty, and that if the continent is ever to emerge from underdevelopment its rapid population growth will have to be slowed. This book examines those assertions, offering a wealth of statistical and other evidence to suggest that the link between African poverty and the size of Africas population is by no means definitive. The book also examines the important demographic trendssuch as rapid urbanization, elevated mortality rates from the HIV/AIDS epidemic, and continued high fertilitythat will help shape African societies in the decades to come.Poverty and Morality
By William A. Galston, Peter H. Hoffenberg. 2004
This multi-authored book explores the ways that many influential ethical traditions - secular and religious, Western and non-Western - wrestle…
with the moral dimensions of poverty and the needs of the poor. These traditions include Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism, among the religious perspectives; classical liberalism, feminism, liberal-egalitarianism, and Marxism, among the secular; and natural law, which might be claimed by both. The basic questions addressed by each of these traditions are linked to several overarching themes: what poverty is, the particular vulnerabilities of high-risk groups, responsibility for the occurrence of poverty, preferred remedies, how responsibility for its alleviation is distributed, and priorities in the delivery of assistance. This volume features an introduction to the types, scope, and causes of poverty in the modern world and concludes with Michael Walzer's broadly conceived commentary, which provides a direct comparison of the presented views and makes suggestions for further study and policy.Violence against Women and Girls
By The World Bank. 2014
This report documents the dynamics of violence against women in South Asia across the life cycle, from early childhood to…
old age. It explores the different types of violence that women may face throughout their lives, as well as the associated perpetrators (male and female), risk and protective factors for both victims and perpetrators, and interventions to address violence across all life cycle stages. The report also analyzes the societal factors that drive the primarily male - but also female - perpetrators to commit violence against women in the region. For each stage and type of violence, the report critically reviews existing research from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, supplemented by original analysis and select literature from outside the region. Policies and programs that address violence against women and girls are analyzed in order to highlight key actors and promising interventions. Finally, the report identifies critical gaps in research, program evaluations, and interventions in order to provide strategic recommendations for policy makers, civil society, and other stakeholders working to mitigate violence against women in South Asia.A Woman's Place in Early America (Finding a Voice: Women's Fight for Equal)
By Leeanne Gelletly. 2013
In early America, married women had no rights under law. They belonged to their husbands. Their voices were not heard…
in public. But with the War of Independence, women found a voice as patriots. They supported the rebellion with boycotts. During wartime, women spied on the enemy. They served as messengers. They tended the wounded. Some even served as soldiers. Women performed daring feats of bravery. And they proved they were capable of doing much more than 18-century society allowed them. Some women called for change. Abigail Adams asked that the laws of the new nation recognize legal and educational rights for women. Judith Sargent Murray called for educational reform. It would take several more decades before women took up the cause for their legal, educational, and political rights. But leaders of the movement would be able to look to 18th-century American women for inspiration.Child Neglect: Practice Issues for Health and Social Care
By Julie Taylor, Brigid Daniel, Danielle Turney, Geraldine Macdonald, Helen Buckley. 2005
Neglect is now recognized as leading to significantly poor outcomes for children in the short and long term. It is…
a matter of concern for all professionals who work with children. Children who are neglected are not likely to seek help in their own right and are highly dependent on professionals such as health visitors and schoolteachers identifying and responding to their needs for support and protection. In order to carry out the key tasks of prevention, recognition and response to neglect, practitioners require up-to-date evidence-based information about the aetiology and signs of neglect and what works in prevention and response. This book addresses the key themes in child neglect, draws on current research and practice knowledge and sets out the implications for practice. With a joint health and social work focus, this interdisciplinary book is an essential resource for practitioners, academics and policy makers working towards integrated and collaborative childcare services.The Institutional Origins of Communal Violence
By Yuhki Tajima. 2014
Why are transitions from authoritarian rule often marked by spikes in communal violence? Through examining Indonesia's recent transition to democracy,…
this book develops a novel theoretical explanation for this phenomenon that also accounts for why some communities are vulnerable to violence during such transitions while others are able to maintain order. Yuhki Tajima argues that repressive intervention by security forces in Indonesia during the authoritarian period rendered some communities dependent on the state to maintain intercommunal security, whereas communities with a more tenuous exposure to the state developed their own informal institutions to maintain security. As the coercive grip of the authoritarian regime loosened, communities that were more accustomed to state intervention were more vulnerable to spikes in communal violence until they developed informal institutions that were better adapted for less state intervention. To test the theory, Tajima employs extensive fieldwork in, and rigorous statistical evidence from, Indonesia as well as cross-national data.A rare first-person account that combines a journalist s skilled reporting with the raw emotion of a younger…
brother s heartfelt testimony of what his family endured after his eldest brother killed a man and was sentenced to life in prison At the age of nine Issac J Bailey saw his hero his eldest brother taken away in handcuffs not to return from prison for thirty-two years Bailey tells the story of their relationship and of his experience living in a family suffering from guilt and shame Drawing on sociological research as well as his expertise as a journalist he seeks to answer the crucial question of why Moochie and many other young black men including half of the ten boys in his own family end up in the criminal justice system What role do poverty race and faith play What effect does living in the South in the Bible Belt have And why is their experience understood as an acceptable trope for black men while white people who commit crimes are never seen in this generalized way My Brother Moochie provides a wide-ranging yet intensely intimate view of crime and incarceration in the United States and the devastating effects on the incarcerated their loved ones their victims and society as a whole It also offers hope for families caught in the incarceration trap though the Bailey family s lows have included prison and bearing the responsibility for multiple deaths their highs have included Harvard University the White House and a renewed sense of pride and understanding that presents a path forwardRepresenting the Advantaged
By Daniel M. Butler. 2014
Political inequality is a major issue in American politics, with racial minorities and low-income voters receiving less favorable representation. Scholars…
argue that this political inequality stems largely from differences in political participation and that if all citizens participated equally we would achieve political equality. Daniel M. Butler shows that this common view is incorrect. He uses innovative field and survey experiments involving public officials to show that a significant amount of bias in representation traces its roots to the information, opinions, and attitudes that politicians bring to office and suggests that even if all voters participated equally, there would still be significant levels of bias in American politics because of differences in elite participation. Butler's work provides a new theoretical basis for understanding inequality in American politics and insights into what institutional changes can be used to fix the problem.The Sociology of War and Violence
By Sinisa Malesevic. 2009
War is a highly complex and dynamic form of social conflict. This new book demonstrates the importance of using sociological…
tools to understand the changing character of war and organised violence. The author offers an original analysis of the historical and contemporary impact that coercion and warfare have on the transformation of social life, and vice versa. Although war and violence were decisive components in the formation of modernity most analyses tend to shy away from the sociological study of the gory origins of contemporary social life. In contrast, this book brings the study of organised violence to the fore by providing a wide-ranging sociological analysis that links classical and contemporary theories with specific historical and geographical contexts. Topics covered include violence before modernity, warfare in the modern age, nationalism and war, war propaganda, battlefield solidarity, war and social stratification, gender and organised violence, and the new wars debate.Against Prediction: Profiling, Policing, and Punishing in an Actuarial Age
By Bernard E. Harcourt. 2006
From random security checks at airports to the use of risk assessment in sentencing actuarial methods are being used…
more than ever to determine whom law enforcement officials target and punish And with the exception of racial profiling on our highways and streets most people favor these methods because they believe they re a more cost-effective way to fight crime In Against Prediction Bernard E Harcourt challenges this growing reliance on actuarial methods These prediction tools he demonstrates may in fact increase the overall amount of crime in society depending on the relative responsiveness of the profiled populations to heightened security They may also aggravate the difficulties that minorities already have obtaining work education and a better quality of life thus perpetuating the pattern of criminal behavior Ultimately Harcourt shows how the perceived success of actuarial methods has begun to distort our very conception of just punishment and to obscure alternate visions of social order In place of the actuarial he proposes instead a turn to randomization in punishment and policing The presumption Harcourt concludes should be against predictionBetween Families and Frankenstein: The Politics of Egg Donation in the United States
By Erin Heidt-Forsythe. 2018
In the United States egg donation for reproduction and egg donation for research involve the same procedures the…
same risks and the same population of donors disadvantaged women at the intersections of race and class Yet cultural attitudes and state-level policies regarding egg donation are dramatically different depending on whether the donation is for reproduction or for research Erin Heidt-Forsythe explores the ways that framing egg donation itself creates diverse politics in the United States which unlike other Western democracies has no centralized method of regulating donations relying instead on market forces and state legislatures to regulate egg donation and reproductive technologies Beginning with a history of scientific research around the human egg the book connects historical debates about the natural reproduction and unnatural research uses of women s eggs to contemporary political regulation of egg donation Examining egg donation in California New York Arizona and Louisiana and coupled with original data on how egg donation has been regulated over the last twenty years this book is the first comprehensive overview and analysis of the politics of egg donation across the United StatesThe Little Black Book of Innovation: Demystifying the Process of Innovation
By Scott D Anthony. 2012
The Dark
By Sergio Chejfec, Heather Cleary. 2000
Opening with the presently shut-in narrator reminiscing about a past relationship with Delia, a young factory worker, The Dark employs…
Chejfec's signature style with an emphasis on the geography and motion of the mind, to recount the time the narrator spent with this multifaceted, yet somewhat absent, woman. The Dark is the most captivating example of Chejfec's unique narrative approach.Living with Insecurity in a Brazilian Favela
By R. Ben Penglase. 2014
The residents of Caxambu, a squatter neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, live in a state of insecurity as they face…
urban violence Living with Insecurity in a Brazilian Favela examines how inequality, racism, drug trafficking, police brutality, and gang activities affect the daily lives of the people of Caxambu. Some Brazilians see these communities, known as favelas, as centers of drug trafficking that exist beyond the control of the state and threaten the rest of the city. For other Brazilians, favelas are symbols of economic inequality and racial exclusion. Ben Penglase's ethnography goes beyond these perspectives to look at how the people of Caxambu themselves experience violence Although the favela is often seen as a war zone, the residents are linked to each other through bonds of kinship and friendship. In addition, residents often take pride in homes and public spaces that they have built and used over generations. Penglase notes that despite poverty, their lives are not completely defined by illegal violence or deprivation. He argues that urban violence and a larger context of inequality create a social world that is deeply contradictory and ambivalent. The unpredictability and instability of daily experiences result in disagreements and tensions, but the residents also experience their neighborhood as a place of social intimacy. As a result, the social world of the neighborhood is both a place of danger and safety.Everyday Violence in the Irish Civil War
By Gemma Clark. 2014
Everyday Violence in the Irish Civil War presents an innovative study of violence perpetrated by and against non-combatants during the…
Irish Civil War, 1922-3. Drawing from victim accounts of wartime injury as recorded in compensation claims, Dr Gemma Clark sheds new light on hundreds of previously neglected episodes of violence and intimidation - ranging from arson, boycott and animal maiming to assault, murder and sexual violence - that transpired amongst soldiers, civilians and revolutionaries throughout the period of conflict. The author shows us how these micro-level acts, particularly in the counties of Limerick, Tipperary and Waterford, served as an attempt to persecute and purge religious and political minorities and to force redistribution of land. Clark also assesses the international significance of the war, comparing the cruel yet arguably restrained violence that occurred in Ireland with the brutality unleashed in other European conflict zones.Uncommon Service: An Introduction to the Four Fundamental Principles of Service Excellence
By Frances Frei, Anne Morriss. 2012
It’s Your World—if You Don’t Like It, Change It
By Mikki Halpin. 2004
You can change the world. Free Speech. Racism. The Environment. Gay Rights. Bullying and School Safety. Animal Welfare. War. Information…
about Safe Sex and Birth Control. Free Speech. HIV and AIDS. omen's Rights. These are the issues you care about-- and now you can do something about them. It's Your World will show you how to act on your beliefs, no matter what they are, and make a difference. The information inside includes: The basics of activism Activism projects and outreach ideas The 5-minute activist How to be an activist at home, at school, and in your community Stories from teenagers who have taken on the world -- and won Resources including books, movies, and Web sites and much, much more. Whether at home, in school, or in your community, you have the power and the ability to create change, even if you aren't old enough to vote. Don't wait until you're eighteen to flex your political muscles-- start right now!