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The Sports Doping Market
By Letizia Paoli, Alessandro Donati. 2014
This book examines sports doping from production and distribution, detection and punishment. Detailing the daily operations of the trade and…
its gray area as a semi-legal market, the authors cover important issues ranging from athletes most at risk to the role of organized crime in sports doping, and whether sports governing bodies are enabling the trade. Challenges for law enforcement and legislation, and efforts to control PED use in the worldwide sports community and among aspiring athletes, are also discussed in depth. The book's extensive research:* Estimates the demand for performance-enhancing products. * Traces the route from legal substances to illegal uses. * Identifies classes of suppliers and their methods of operation. * Tracks typical distribution systems from suppliers to users. * Examines the economics of the market: prices, profits, revenue. * Assesses the state of anti-doping law enforcement efforts. Starting with an unprecedented case study in Italy, the intense scrutiny from one pivotal country yields a potential template for research and policy on a world scale. Doping and Sport makes solid contributions to the work of researchers in criminology and criminal justice, particularly with an interest in corruption, drug trafficking, and criminal networks; researchers in sports science and public health; and policymakers.The Role of Bacteria in Urology
By Dirk Lange, Ben Chew. 2015
The aim of this book is to educate clinicians and basic scientists in the multiple roles that bacteria have as…
causative as well as therapeutic agents in urologic disease. Within this scope, clinicians will be introduced and educated about the basic mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis that lead to disease, as well as the non-pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the prevention and treatment of patients. Conversely, basic scientists will be educated about the clinical implications of bacterial based therapeutics and infections. By combining the basic science and clinical views, this book will serve to bring both basic scientists and clinicians onto an even plain that may raise ideas for future collaborative research.Obstetrics in Family Medicine
By Paul Lyons. 2015
This book surveys the normal obstetrics encountered in primary care and serves as a practical guide to the evaluation and…
management of common prenatal, peripartum and postpartum complications. Thoroughly revised and updated, Obstetrics in Family Medicine, Second Edition, addresses the major issues and problems related to each stage and outlines management protocols. It provides critical information about physical and ultrasound examinations, laboratory tests, drug toxicities, and screening techniques and highlights new and emerging areas of obstetrical care, such as prenatal testing protocols, treatment options for HIV in pregnancy and antenatal monitoring. Key points for each topic are summarized in tabular form for quick reference and diagnostic flow charts illuminate all aspects of the decision-making process. Concise and clinically oriented, this book is designed to help primary and family medicine physicians improve the quality of women's health care.Is this Cell a Human Being?
By Antoine Suarez, Joachim Huarte. 2010
The central question of this book is whether or not particular cell entities of human origin ought to be considered…
human beings. The answer is crucial for making moral decisions for or against research and experimentation. Experts in the field discuss the production of embryonic-like pluripotent stem cells by altered nuclear transfer, parthenogenesis and reprogramming of adult somatic cells. They thoroughly analyse the biological and moral status of different cell entities, such as human stem cells, embryos and human-animal hybrid embryos, and make a decisive step towards establishing final criteria for what constitutes a human being. The topic is challenging in nature and of broad interest to all those concerned with current bioethical thought on embryonic human life and its implications for society.Health Care in Eleventh-Century China
By Nathan Sivin. 2015
By examining all the prevalent varieties of therapy from self-care to religious ritual, this book explores health care practices in…
China, before modern times. In ancient China most people were unable to afford a doctor, even in the unlikely case that one lived near their village and was willing to treat peasants. What did they do when their children got sick? The answer is to be found in this book, which goes far beyond the history of medicine. The author uses methods of medical anthropology to explain the curative roles of popular religion, Daoism, Buddhism and the therapeutic rites performed by imperial officials. Readers will discover the steady interaction of religious healing and classical medicine in this culture. This highly readable book builds on over forty years of study and analysis of early liturgical and medical writings and a wide variety of other sources. Its focus on the eleventh century throws new light on a period of rapid transition in many aspects of therapy and it will appeal to scholars and general readers alike.Women, Motherhood and Living with HIV/AIDS: A Cross-Cultural Perspective
By Pranee Liamputtong. 2013
There are about 34 million people worldwide living with HIV/AIDS. Half are women. There has been a dramatic global increase…
in the rates of women living with HIV/AIDS. Among young women, especially in developing countries, infection rates are rapidly increasing. Many of these women are also mothers with young infants. When a woman is labeled as having HIV, she is treated with suspicion and her morality is being questioned. Previous research has suggested that women living with HIV/AIDS can be affected by delay in diagnosis, inferior access to health care services, internalized stigma and a poor utilization of health services. This makes it extremely difficult for women to take care of their own health needs. Women are also reluctant to disclose their HIV-positive status as they fear this may result in physical feelings of shame, social ostracism, violence, or expulsion from home. Women living with HIV/AIDS who are also mothers carry a particularly heavy burden of being HIV-infected. This unique book attempts to put together results from empirical research and focuses on issues relevant to women, motherhood and living with HIV/AIDS which have occurred to individual women in different parts of the globe. The book comprises chapters written by researchers who carry out their projects in different parts of the world, and each chapter contains empirical information based on real life situations. This can be used as evidence for health care providers to implement socially and culturally appropriate services to assist individuals and groups who are living with HIV/AIDS in many societies. The book is of interest to scholars and students in the domains of anthropology, sociology, social work, nursing, public health & medicine and health professionals who have a specific interest in issues concerning women who are mothers and living with HIV/AIDS from cross-cultural perspective.Molecular Aspects of Iron Metabolism in Pathogenic and Symbiotic Plant-Microbe Associations
By Dominique Expert, Mark R. O'Brian. 2011
Iron plays a key role in biology as essential cofactor of numerous proteins. However, since it is only slightly soluble…
its bioavailability can be readily compromised under aerobic conditions. Moreover, due to its ability to catalyze the generation of free radicals, iron can also be toxic. Thus, it doesn't surprise that living organisms have developed sophisticated means for acquiring iron whilst tightly controlling the intracellular concentrations of this metal in response to environmental conditions. Also, the critical role of iron has long been acknowledged in host vertebrate-parasite relationships where both partners compete for the acquisition of this essential element and activate complex signaling cascades to control their iron homeostasis during infection. Following the great interest that the mechanisms regulating the acquisition of iron and the control of iron homeostasis have generated among researchers studying plant-pathogen and legume-rhizobia interactions, this book offers a comprehensive analysis of irons' various roles in the plant-microbial associations. The introductory chapter stresses the essentiality of iron in biological systems. The second chapter surveys the abundance of information on iron's pivotal role in microbial plant pathogenesis and defence. Finally, the third chapter reviews the advances in our understanding of iron metabolism in the rhizobia, soil bacteria able to establish a symbiotic association with legumes and carry out nitrogen fixation. Molecular Aspects of Iron Metabolism in Pathogenic and Symbiotic Plant-Microbe Associations is a valuable resource to microbiologists, pathologists and scientists interested in iron uptake and metabolism in microbial pathogenesis, rhizobia legume associations, and plant physiology and immunity.Essentials of Pediatric Radiology
By Heike E. Daldrup-Link, Charles A. Gooding. 2010
Unlike most existing textbooks on the economic history of modern Europe, which offer a country-by-country approach, The Cambridge Economic History…
of Modern Europe rethinks Europe's economic history since 1700 as unified and pan-European, with the material organized by topic rather than by country. This second volume tracks Europe's economic history through three major phases since 1870. The first phase was an age of globalization and of European economic and political dominance that lasted until the First World War. The second, from 1914 to 1945, was one of war, deglobalization, and depression and the third was one of growing integration not only within Europe but also between Europe and the global economy. Leading authors offer comprehensive and accessible introductions to these patterns of globalization and deglobalization as well as to key themes in modern economic history such as economic growth, business cycles, sectoral developments, and population and living standards.Your Pregnancy, Your Way: Everything You Need to Know about Natural Pregnancy and Childbirth
By Allison Hill, Sheila Curry Oakes. 2017
AÂ fresh perspective on traditional and natural pregnancies/childbirth, addressing the biggest myths and realities, highlighting the medical data behind the…
most common questions from patients who are looking to achieve a natural pregnancy, explaining the most common medical interventions and how to avoid them safely, and offering tips on how to select a health-care provider and birth setting that helps to achieve your goal of natural childbirth.Inflammation and Lung Cancer
By Steven M. Dubinett. 2015
In recent years there have been various discoveries connecting inflammation and lung cancer and clearly there is growing interest in…
this area of cancer research. The link between unresolved inflammation and cancer has been well established with estimates that 15% of cancer deaths are inflammationrelated. Evidence for this link includes the following: a) some inflammatory diseases are associated with increased risk of cancer development; b) inflammatory mediators are present surrounding and within most tumors; c) overexpression of inflammatory cytokines increases cancer development and progression in murine studies; d) inhibition of inflammatory mediators decreases cancer development and progression; and e) the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been found to decrease cancer incidence and delay progression. The volume will present aspects of the inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME), its many roles in tumor progression and metastasis, including creation of a hypoxic environment, increased angiogenesis and invasion, changes in expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and an increase in a stem cell phenotype. The book will also cover the mechanisms of inflammatory mediators. Chronic overexpression of inflammatory mediators in the TME, as seen in smokers and patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), can also lead to increased tumor initiation, progression, invasion and metastasis. The volume will provide a comprehensive perspective of the latest findings and summaries of progress made regarding inflammation and its connection to lung cancer.Gene-Environment Interplay in Interpersonal Relationships across the Lifespan
By Briana N. Horwitz, Jenae M. Neiderhiser. 2015
Intriguing new findings on how genes and environments work together through different stages of life take the spotlight in this…
significant collection. Studies from infancy to late adulthood show both forces as shaping individuals' relationships within family and non-family contexts, and examine how these relationships, in turn, continue to shape the individual. Transitional periods, in which individuals become more autonomous and relationships and personal identities become more complicated, receive special emphasis. In addition, chapters shed light on the extent to which the quantity and quality of genetic and environmental influence may shift across and even within life stages. Included in the coverage: Gene-environment interplay in parenting young children. The sibling relationship as a source of shared environment. Gene-environment transactions in childhood and adolescent problematic peer relationships. Toward a developmentally sensitive and genetically informed perspective on popularity. Spouse, parent, and co-worker: roles and relationships in adulthood. The family system as a unit of clinical care: the role of genetic systems. Behavioral geneticists, clinical psychologists, and family therapists will find in Gene-Environment Interplay in Interpersonal Relationships across the Lifespan a window into current thinking on the subject, new perspectives for understanding clients and cases, and ideas for further study.Pulmonary Function
By Mieczyslaw Pokorski. 2015
The book discusses new concepts and findings in the field of pulmonary function. This function is notably associated with spirometry…
and gas exchange at the lungs. The technique of spirometry, its clinical meaning, and reference values have all been refined over decades of its use. Although spirometry remains ancillary in diagnosis-making, it seems hardly replaceable in monitoring of lung disease progression and treatment efficacy. Pulmonary function goes far beyond spirometry. It encompasses interactions with the cardiovascular system, sleep disordered breathing, etiological factors like occupational bio aerosol exposure or cigarette smoke related issues. Pulmonary function may crumple in any respiratory ailment, the case in point being all too often respiratory tract infections. Chapters contribute to the latest thinking on molecular mechanisms underpinning pulmonary function, on patient care and attempt to keep up-to-date with current clinical and research progress. The book will be of interest to both clinicians and biomedical researchers.Comparative Governance
By Peters, Jon Pierre, B. Guy. 2016
Why do some policies succeed so well while others, in the same sector or country, fail dramatically? The aim of…
this book is to answer this question and provide systematic research on the nature, sources and consequences of policy failure. The expertThe Menisci: A Comprehensive Review Of Their Anatomy, Biomechanical Function And Surgical Treatment
By Elizabeth A. Arendt, Robert F. Laprade, Alan Getgood, Scott C. Faucett. 2017
This book is a comprehensive journey through the pathogenesis and treatment of meniscal pathology. It details the elements that are…
necessary to properly understand, diagnose, and treat meniscal tears, ranging from vertical tears to radial tears and root avulsions. Treatment techniques are thoroughly described and illustrated, with presentation of the latest evidence on outcomes. The algorithmic treatment of meniscal tears has undergone a rapid transformation. We have progressed from the initial treatments involving removal of the meniscus using an open technique, to the performance of partial meniscectomies and complex meniscal repairs by means of an arthroscopic technique. The current treatment goal is to maintain the biology and mechanical integrity of this vital knee structure, an aim too often disregarded by past generations of surgeons. An explosion of new knowledge, coupled with advances in arthroscopic and surgical technology, has paved the way for wider application of approaches that help to preserve the meniscus, in the hope of preventing or delaying the development of knee arthritis. This book will have utility for all clinicians who treat meniscal lesions and will serve as a valuable resource for years to come.How We Age: A Doctor's Journey into the Heart of Growing Old
By Marc Agronin. 2011
The Pain Antidote: The Proven Program to Help You Stop Suffering from Chronic Pain, Avoid Addiction to Painkillers--and Reclaim Your Life
By Katherine Ketcham, Mel Pohl. 2015
Chronic pain is not a life sentence If you are one of the 100 million people who suffer from chronic…
pain, you may be feeling hopeless and helpless, relying on endless medications that don't work, feeling worse and worse. But there is hope--and help. The innovative program at the acclaimed Las Vegas Recovery Center, at which Dr. Mel Pohl is Medical Director, has helped thousands of sufferers to reduce chronic pain without the use of painkillers. The Pain Antidote shares this program's concrete tools and strategies, offering: Cutting-edge research on how pain affects your brain How your emotions affect your experience of pain A comprehensive program, including a four-week Jump Start plan Pain-reducing gentle exercises and health-supporting foods And much more.The Probiotic Promise: Simple Steps to Heal Your Body from the Inside Out
By Michelle Schoffro Cook. 2015
Discover the health secret you've been waiting for You've heard how beneficial probiotics are for gut health; new research reveals…
that they can do much more! Probiotics can also improve a host of other conditions, from allergies to arthritis, depression to obesitythey have even been shown to inhibit cancer and antibiotic-resistant superbugs. Now Dr. Michelle Schoffro Cook shares this groundbreaking research, demonstrating the link between gastrointestinal health and overall well-being. She offers concrete ways for you to use this extraordinary information, explaining how to use probiotics to address a range of medical issues. In this cutting-edge prescription for overall wellness, you'll discover: specific strains of probiotics and the more than 50 conditions they can help the benefits of incorporating probiotics into your day-to-day life how to select the best supplement for your health concerns tips for adding more probiotic-rich foods to your diet more than 30 delicious and nutritious probiotic-rich recipesYour Healthy Pregnancy with Thyroid Disease: A Guide to Fertility, Pregnancy, and Postpartum Wellness
By Mary Shomon, Dana Trentini. 2016
At minimum, 27 million Americans have thyroid disease. Despite being the majority of thyroid sufferers, women rarely know that thyroid…
problems increase their risk of pregnancy complications, including infertility, preeclampsia, miscarriage, premature delivery, and low birth weight. This awareness gap affects patients and doctors, who know little about the ramifications of an undiagnosed or under-treated thyroid condition on a mother and her unborn baby.Founder of HypothyroidMom.com Dana Trentini and thyroid health advocate and bestselling author Mary Shomon have both endured challenges with pregnancies due to thyroid disorders. In Your Healthy Pregnancy with Thyroid Disease, they team up to give readers the answers they need. With personal stories and cutting-edge medical advice from leading health practitioners, the book explains how to recognize thyroid symptoms, get properly diagnosed/treated, manage thyroid problems during pregnancy, overcome thyroid-related infertility, and deal with postpartum challenges.Global Health Risk Framework: Workshop Summary
By National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, Medicine. 2016
Since the 2014 Ebola outbreak many public- and private-sector leaders have seen a need for improved management of global public…
health emergencies. The effects of the Ebola epidemic go well beyond the three hardest-hit countries and beyond the health sector. Education, child protection, commerce, transportation, and human rights have all suffered. The consequences and lethality of Ebola have increased interest in coordinated global response to infectious threats, many of which could disrupt global health and commerce far more than the recent outbreak. In order to explore the potential for improving international management and response to outbreaks the National Academy of Medicine agreed to manage an international, independent, evidence-based, authoritative, multistakeholder expert commission. As part of this effort, the Institute of Medicine convened four workshops in summer of 2015 to inform the commission report. The presentations and discussions from the Workshop on Research and Development of Medical Products are summarized in this report.Taking Care of Your Child, Ninth Edition: A Parent's Illustrated Guide to Complete Medical Care
By James F. Fries, Donald M. Vickery, Robert H. Pantell. 2015
Winner of the American Medical Writers Association Book Award The award-winning go-to guide that has helped millions of families keep…
their children healthy--now revised and updated with the most recent advances in health care For more than thirty years, Taking Care of Your Child has been an indispensable resource for parents and caregivers. Covering more than 175 health care problems and symptoms, it offers the most recent information on critical childcare issues--from what to do in the event of a minor injury to everyday issues such as common allergies and ailments. Taking Care of Your Child is easy to use, even in a crisis: you can simply look up a symptom to find a complete explanation of probable causes, how to treat the problem at home, and when to see a doctor. With the very latest on ADHD, autism, breast-feeding, childhood depression and obesity, discipline, immunizations, and more, this new edition also features new sections on youth sports and head trauma, genetic screening, and minimizing risks of medical procedures.