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In her book, Juliane Kanitz not only examines the frequently asked question of why Muslim women wear a headscarf, but…
also concentrates on how it is worn. She is concerned with the cultural, aesthetic and fashionable preferences of women and not primarily with the religious motives that are otherwise often the focus of attention. In addition to a contribution to research on the Muslim headscarf, the author presents theoretical and empirical supplements to Islamic fashion and Islam in Germany as a whole. She also discusses the debate on Europeanization, in which arguments against Muslims are put forward, and develops some perspectives on the topic of the headscarf in Germany that have not yet been taken into account, made possible by the new perspective of fashion.El Reino del Desierto: Arabia Saudí frente a sus contradicciones
By Ángeles Espinosa. 2006
Una magnífica obra que acerca al lector a la Arabia Saudí del siglo XXI. Los atentados del 11 de septiembre…
de 2001 en Nueva York y Washington pusieron a Arabia Saudí en la picota. Como si de una botella de cava recién descorchada se tratara, salían a la superficie la falta de libertades y las violaciones de derechos humanos ignoradas durante años. Pero lo cierto es que pocos se han preocupado de acercarse a los saudíes de a pie para indagar qué hay de cierto en los tópicos que rodean al Reino del Desierto. Esta magnífica obra acerca al lector a la Arabia Saudí de principios del siglo XXI. Es el país de Bin Laden, sí, pero también el de otros veinte millones de personas, la mayoría de las cuales se sintieron horrorizadas con sus acciones. Son los saudíes quienes destacan las contradicciones de un sistema que ha conjugado tradición y modernidad, con tantos éxitos como fracasos, y quienes tendrán que resolverlas si quieren evitar que, además de petróleo, su país exporte terroristas. «Casas de adobe, calles de tierra. Daraiya es un laberinto fortificado en el que poco ha variado desde la Edad Media. Solo el silencio revela que el otrora bullicioso oasis hace tiempo que ha cedido su condición de capital saudí a la vecina Riad. Pero en el recinto amurallado de esta ciudad fantasma se hallan los palacios de los ancestros de los Al Saud, la familia que gobierna Arabia Saudí desde que el rey Abdelaziz, el León del Nachd, unificó sus territorios en 1932. Una veintena de kilómetros al oeste, Riad emerge como un paraíso de arquitectos: trazado moderno, amplias avenidas y rascacielos espectaculares en los que el único límite es la imaginación de sus diseñadores. Se trata de la tarjeta de presentación para los visitantes que llegan al reino. Y fue también mi introducción la primera vez que viajé a Arabia Saudí, en mayo de 1989. En los días siguientes, el choque de pasado y futuro, convertido en un estereotipo del país, se repitió una y otra vez ante mis ojos. Pero, sobre todo, comprobé la pervivencia de un sistema social y legal que parecía extraído de un antiguo pergamino y aplicado, sin adaptación alguna, al guion de una película futurista.»Ángeles EspinosaRecasting Islamic Law: Religion and the Nation State in Egyptian Constitution Making
By Rachel M. Scott. 2021
By examining the intersection of Islamic law, state law, religion, and culture in the Egyptian nation-building process, Recasting Islamic Law…
highlights how the sharia, when attached to constitutional commitments, is reshaped into modern Islamic state law.Rachel M. Scott analyzes the complex effects of constitutional commitments to the sharia in the wake of the Egyptian Revolution of 2011. She argues that the sharia is not dismantled by the modern state when it is applied as modern Islamic state law, but rather recast in its service. In showing the particular forms that the sharia takes when it is applied as modern Islamic state law, Scott pushes back against assumptions that introductions of the sharia into modern state law result in either the revival of medieval Islam or in its complete transformation. Scott engages with premodern law and with the Ottoman legal legacy on topics concerning Egypt's Coptic community, women's rights, personal status law, and the relationship between religious scholars and the Supreme Constitutional Court. Recasting Islamic Law considers modern Islamic state law's discontinuities and its continuities with premodern sharia.Claiming Belonging: Muslim American Advocacy in an Era of Islamophobia
By Emily Cury. 2021
Claiming Belonging dives deep into the lives of Muslim American advocacy groups in the post-9/11 era, asking how they form…
and function within their broader community in a world marked by Islamophobia. Bias incidents against Muslim Americans reached unprecedented levels a few short years ago, and many groups responded through action—organizing on the national level to become increasingly visible, engaged, and assertive.Emily Cury draws on more than four years of participant observation and interviews to examine how Muslim American organizations have sought to access and influence the public square and, in so doing, forge a political identity. The result is an engaging and unique study, showing that policy advocacy, both foreign and domestic, is best understood as a sphere where Muslim American identity is performed and negotiated.Claiming Belonging offers ever-timely insight into the place of Muslims in American political life and, in the process, sheds light on one of the fastest-growing and most internally dynamic American minority groups.Secret Believers: What Happens When Muslims Believe in Christ
By Brother Andrew, Al Janssen. 2007
From the bestselling author of "Gods Smuggler" comes this riveting true story of the Middle Eastern Church struggling to come…
to grips with hostile governments, terrorist acts, and an influx of Muslims coming to Christ.Van Gogh: La vida
By Steven Naifeh, Gregory White Smith. 1912
Por fin, el retrato completo del incomparable maestro. Vida, muerte y genialidad de la mano de dos ganadores del premio…
Pulitzer Van Gogh trabajó como marchante de arte con escaso éxito, intentó convertirse en predicador, hizo incursiones como ilustrador de revistas y, por último, tuvo una carrera de pintor tan brillante como corta. Cuando murió en Francia a los 37 años sus cuadros se amontonaban, sin que casi nadie los mirase, en los armarios, desvanes y habitaciones de sus parientes, amigos y acreedores. Sin embargo, en su breve y tempestuosa vida, Vincent van Gogh había cambiado el curso del arte occidental para siempre. Trabajando con la plena colaboración del Museo Van Gogh de Ámsterdam, Steven Naifeh y Gregory White Smith, ganadores del Premio Pulitzer por su biografía de Jackson Pollock, han tenido acceso a materiales inéditos, incluyendo correspondencia familiar hasta ahora desconocida, para recrear, con increíble viveza y una sorprendente precisión psicológica, la extraordinaria vida del pintor. Los autores arrojan nueva luz sobre muchos de los aspectos inexplorados de la existencia de Van Gogh: su permanente lucha para encontrar su lugar en el mundo, su intensa relación con su hermano Theo, su errática y tumultuosa vida sentimental y sus ataques de depresión y problemas mentales. Ofrecen además un convincente e inesperado relato sobre las circunstancias de su muerte que da un vuelco a las teorías manejadas hasta ahora. Esta monumental biografía es, sin duda, el retrato definitivo de uno de los grandes genios de la historia del arte. La crítica ha dicho...«Para esta generación, el retrato definitivo del pintor. El logro más importante de Naifeh y Smith es haber logrado un ajuste de cuentas con la -locura- ocasional de Van Gogh que no pierde de vista la lucidez y la inteligencia -la profunda cordura- de su arte.»Time «Una biografía que se lee como una novela, llena de suspense y detalles íntimos.»The Washington Post «En su magistral nueva biografía Steven Naifeh y Gregory White Smith ofrecen una visita guiada por el mundo personal y la obra de este pintor holandés, iluminando la evolución de su arte a la vez que elaboran una teoría sobre su muerte destinada a crear controversia.»The New York Times «Cautivador... Los autores reconstruyen vívidamente las historias entrelazadas de su vida y su arte, retratándolo como una "víctima de su propio corazón fanático". Su excelente libro tiene el potencial no sólo de revitalizar el interés popular por Van Gogh, sino de presentar a uno de los espíritus más valiosos de la historia del arte a toda una nueva generación.»The Wall Street Journal «Una nueva teoría sobre la muerte de Vincent van Gogh puede acabar reescribiendo la historia del arte... Después de leer cientos de documentos, de libros traducidos para ellos por el museo Van Gogh y de recorrer la correspondencia del artista, la obra dibuja a un hombre más complejo de lo mostrado hasta la fecha.»El PaísWomen and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate (Veritas Paperbacks)
By Leila Ahmed. 2021
A classic, pioneering account of the lives of women in Islamic history, republished for a new generation This pioneering study…
of the social and political lives of Muslim women has shaped a whole generation of scholarship. In it, Leila Ahmed explores the historical roots of contemporary debates, ambitiously surveying Islamic discourse on women from Arabia during the period in which Islam was founded to Iraq during the classical age to Egypt during the modern era. The book is now reissued as a Veritas paperback, with a new foreword by Kecia Ali situating the text in its scholarly context and explaining its enduring influence. &“Ahmed&’s book is a serious and independent-minded analysis of its subject, the best-informed, most sympathetic and reliable one that exists today.&”—Edward W. Said &“Destined to become a classic. . . . It gives [Muslim women] back our rightful place, at the center of our histories.&”—Rana Kabbani, The GuardianThe Prophet's Heir: The Life of Ali ibn Abi Talib
By Hassan Abbas. 2021
The life and legacy of one of Mohammad&’s closest confidants and Islam&’s patron saint: Ali ibn Abi Talib Ali ibn…
Abi Talib is arguably the single most important spiritual and intellectual authority in Islam after prophet Mohammad. Through his teachings and leadership as fourth caliph, Ali nourished Islam. But Muslims are divided on whether he was supposed to be Mohammad&’s political successor—and he continues to be a polarizing figure in Islamic history. Hassan Abbas provides a nuanced, compelling portrait of this towering yet divisive figure and the origins of sectarian division within Islam. Abbas reveals how, after Mohammad, Ali assumed the spiritual mantle of Islam to spearhead the movement that the prophet had led. While Ali&’s teachings about wisdom, justice, and selflessness continue to be cherished by both Shia and Sunni Muslims, his pluralist ideas have been buried under sectarian agendas and power politics. Today, Abbas argues, Ali&’s legacy and message stands against that of ISIS, Al-Qaeda, and Taliban.Icon of Evil: Hitler's Mufti and the Rise of Radical Islam
By David Dalin. 2009
A chilling, fascinating, and nearly forgotten historical figure is resurrected in this riveting work that links the fascism of the…
last century with the terrorism of our own. Written with vigor and extraordinary access to primary sources in several languages, Icon of Evil is the definitive account of the man who, during World War II, was called "the fuhrer of the Arab world" and whose ugly legacy lives on today.With new and disturbing details, David G. Dalin and John F. Rothmann show how al -Husseini ingratiated himself with his hero, Adolf Hitler, becoming, with his blond hair and blue eyes, an "honorary Aryan" while dreaming of being installed as Nazi leader of the Middle East. Al-Husseini would later recruit more than 100,000 Muslims in Europe to fight in divisions of the Waffen- SS, and obstruct negotiations with the Allies that might have allowed four thousand Jewish children to escape to Palestine. Some believe that al-Husseini even inspired Hitler to implement the Final Solution. At war's end, al-Husseini escaped indictment at Nuremberg and was harbored in France.Icon of Evil chronicles al-Husseini's postwar relationships with such influential Islamic figures as the radical theoretician Sayyid Qutb and Saddam Hussein's powerful uncle General Khairallah Talfah and his crucial mentoring of the young Yasser Ararat. Finally, it provides compelling evidence that al-Husseini's actions and writings serve as inspirations today to the leaders of Hamas, Hezbollah, and other terrorist organizations pledged to destroy Israel and the United States.Salafism and Traditionalism: Scholarly Authority in Modern Islam
By Emad Hamdeh. 2021
One of the most contentious topics in modern Islam is whether one should adhere to an Islamic legal school or…
follow scripture directly. For centuries, Sunni Muslims have practiced Islam through the framework of the four legal schools. The 20th century, however, witnessed the rise of individuals who denounced the legal schools, highlighting cases where they contradict texts from the Qur'ān or Sunna. These differences are exemplified in the heated debates between the Salafi ḥadīth scholar Muḥammad Nāṣir al-Dīn al-Albānī and his Traditionalist critics. This book examines the tensions between Salafis and Traditionalists concerning scholarly authority in Islam. Emad Hamdeh offers an insider's view of the debates between Salafis and Traditionalists and their differences regarding the correct method of interpreting Islam. He provides a detailed analysis of the rise of Salafism, the impact of the printing press, the role of scholars in textual interpretation, and the divergent approaches to Islamic law.Logic, Rhetoric and Legal Reasoning in the Qur'an: God's Arguments (Routledge Studies in the Qur'an)
By Rosalind Ward Gwynne. 2004
Muslims have always used verses from the Qur'an to support opinions on law, theology, or life in general, but almost…
no attention has been paid to how the Qur'an presents its own precepts as conclusions proceeding from reasoned arguments. Whether it is a question of God's powers of creation, the rationale for his acts, or how people are to think clearly about their lives and fates, Muslims have so internalized Qur'anic patterns of reasoning that many will assert that the Qur'an appeals first of all to the human powers of intellect. This book provides a new key to both the Qur'an and Islamic intellectual history. Examining Qur'anic argument by form and not content helps readers to discover the significance of passages often ignored by the scholar who compares texts and the believer who focuses upon commandments, as it allows scholars of Qur'anic exegesis, Islamic theology, philosophy, and law to tie their findings in yet another way to the text that Muslims consider the speech of God.Francis Bacon: Revelations
By Mark Stevens, Annalyn Swan. 2021
A decade in the making: the first comprehensive look at the life and art of Francis Bacon, one of the…
iconic painters of the twentieth century--from the Pulitzer Prize-winning authors of de Kooning: An American Master. Francis Bacon created an indelible image of mankind in modern times, and played an outsized role in both twentieth century art and life--from his public emergence with his legendary Triptych 1944 (its images "so unrelievedly awful" that people fled the gallery), to his death in Madrid in 1992.Bacon was a witty free spirit and unabashed homosexual at a time when many others remained closeted, and his exploits were as unforgettable as his images. He moved among the worlds of London's Soho and East End, the literary salons of London and Paris, and the homosexual life of Tangier. Through hundreds of interviews, and extensive new research, the authors probe Bacon's childhood in Ireland (he earned his father's lasting disdain because his asthma prevented him from hunting); his increasingly open homosexuality; his early design career--never before explored in detail; the formation of his vision; his early failure as an artist; his uneasy relationship with American abstract art; and his improbable late emergence onto the international stage as one of the great visionaries of the twentieth century. In all, Francis Bacon: Revelations gives us a more complete and nuanced--and more international--portrait than ever before of this singularly private, darkly funny, eruptive man and his equally eruptive, extraordinary art. Bacon was not just an influential artist, he helped remake the twentieth-century figure.Fierce Poise: Helen Frankenthaler and 1950s New York
By Alexander Nemerov. 2021
A dazzling biography of one of the twentieth century's most respected painters, Helen Frankenthaler, as she came of age as…
an artist in postwar New York"The magic of Alexander Nemerov's portrait of Helen Frankenthaler in Fierce Poise is that it reads like one of Helen's paintings. His poetic descriptions of her work and his rich insights into the years when Helen made her first artistic breakthroughs are both light and lush, seemingly easy and yet profound. His book is an ode to a truly great artist who, some seventy years after this story begins, we are only now beginning to understand."--Mary Gabriel, author of Ninth Street WomenAt the dawn of the 1950s, a promising and dedicated young painter named Helen Frankenthaler, fresh out of college, moved back home to New York City to make her name. By the decade's end, she had succeeded in establishing herself as an important American artist of the postwar period. In the years in between, she made some of the most daring, head-turning paintings of her day and also came into her own as a woman: traveling the world, falling in and out of love, and engaging in an ongoing artistic education. She also experienced anew--and left her mark on--the city in which she had been raised in privilege as the daughter of a judge, even as she left the security of that world to pursue her artistic ambitions.Brought to vivid life by acclaimed art historian Alexander Nemerov, these defining moments--from her first awed encounter with Jackson Pollock's drip paintings to her first solo gallery show to her tumultuous breakup with eminent art critic Clement Greenberg--comprise a portrait as bold and distinctive as the painter herself. Inspired by Pollock and the other male titans of abstract expressionism but committed to charting her own course, Frankenthaler was an artist whose talent was matched only by her unapologetic determination to distinguish herself in a man's world.Fierce Poise is an exhilarating ride through New York's 1950s art scene and a brilliant portrait of a young artist through the moments that shaped her.Henry Stubbe (1632–1676) was an extraordinary English scholar who challenged his contemporaries by writing about Islam as a monotheistic revelation…
in continuity with Judaism and Christianity. His major work, The Originall & Progress of Mahometanism, was the first English text to document the Prophet Muhammad's life positively, celebrate the Qur'an as a divine revelation, and praise the Muslim toleration of Christians, undermining a long legacy of European prejudice and hostility.Nabil Matar, a leading scholar of Islamic-British relations, standardizes Stubbe's text and situates it within England's theological and intellectual climate in the seventeenth century. He shows how, to draw a historical portrait of Muhammad, Stubbe embraced travelogues, Latin commentaries, studies on Jewish customs and Scripture, and, most important, Arabic chronicles, many written by medieval Christian Arabs who had lived in the midst of the Islamic polity. No European writer before or for a long time after Stubbe produced anything similar to what he wrote about Muhammad the "great Prophet," Ali the "gallant" advocate, and the "standing miracle" of the Qur'an. Stubbe's book therefore makes a unique contribution to the study of the representation of Islam in Western thought.Salka Viertel acolheu em seu exílio atores, intelectuais proeminentes e pessoas anônimas fugidas do nazismo. Biografia sobre a figura de…
Salka Viertel, uma atriz judia que emigrou para Hollywood e ficou popularmente conhecida como a roteirista da atriz Greta Garbo. Além disso, tinha um salão em Santa Mônica, Califórnia, ao qual ia grande parte da intelectualidade europeia no exílio. Salka foi uma mulher muito moderna e interessante para a época e que deve ser conhecida como merece. No libro aparecem temas como a suposta bissexualidade de Salka Viertel e a quantidade de reconhecido amigos que teve, citando apenas alguns: Albert Einstein, Charles Chaplin, Sergei Eisenstein, F. W. Murnau, Max Reinhardt, Arnold Schönberg, Thomas Mann, Bertolt Brecht, Greta Garbo, Montgomery Clift… Da mesma forma como Gertrude Stein e outras mulheres notórias, ela teve seu próprio salão literário pelo qual passaram escritores como Truman Capote, Christopher Isherwood, Gore Vidal e um longo etecetera. Outros temas que engloba são: a Berlim dos anos 20, a passagem do cinema mudo ao falado, visto a partir da Meca de Hollywood. Logo, a ascensão de Hitler e o que isso acarretou para a condição judia, devido à Segunda Guerra Mundial. Mais adiante a Guerra Fria e a caça às bruxas contra o comunismo. O certo é que a motivação da vida de Salka Viertel e do seu círculo de amigos engloba os grandes acontecimentos do século XX. Com tal projeto, a autora recebeu as bolsas de Shanghai Writing Program (China, 2016) e Baltic Centre (Suécia, 2017). “Um relato muito interessante e ainda penso nesses tempos como atuais, já que aos meus olhos, não avançamos muito na questão da aceitação dos “sentimentos interpessoais” em geral. Um grande livro, extremamente importante sobre a Hollywood dos anos trinta e quarenta e a influência de artistas de países eurDemocracy, Islam, and Secularism in Turkey (Religion, Culture, and Public Life #11)
By Alfred Stepan, Ahmet T. Kuru, Eds.. 2012
While Turkey has grown as a world power, promoting the image of a progressive and stable nation, several choices in…
policy have strained its relationship with the East and the West. Providing historical, social, and religious context for this behavior, the essays in Democracy, Islam, and Secularism in Turkey examine issues relevant to Turkish debates and global concerns, from the state's position on religion to its involvement with the European Union.Written by experts in a range of disciplines, the chapters explore the toleration of diversity during the Ottoman Empire's classical period; the erosion of ethno-religious heterogeneity in modern, pre-democratic times; Kemalism and its role in modernization and nation building; the changing political strategies of the military; and the effect of possible EU membership on domestic reforms. The essays also offer a cross-Continental comparison of "multiple secularisms," as well as political parties, considering especially Turkey's Justice and Development Party in relation to Europe's Christian Democratic parties. Contributors tackle critical research questions, such as the legacy of the Ottoman Empire's ethno-religious plurality and the way in which Turkey's assertive secularism can be softened to allow greater space for religious actors. They address the military's "guardian" role in Turkey's secularism, the implications of recent constitutional amendments for democratization, and the consequences and benefits of Islamic activism's presence within a democratic system. No other collection confronts Turkey's contemporary evolution so vividly and thoroughly or offers such expert analysis of its crucial social and political systems.Contributors: Karen Barkey (Columbia University) Ümit Cizre (Istanbul Sehir University) M. Sükrü Hanioglu (Princeton University) Stathis N. Kalyvas (Yale University) Ahmet T. Kuru (San Diego State University) Joost Lagendijk (Sabanc University) Ergun Özbudun (Bilkent University) Alfred Stepan (Columbia University)A Convergence of Civilizations: The Transformation of Muslim Societies Around the World
By Youssef Courbage, Emmanuel Todd. 2007
We are told that Western/Christian and Muslim/Arab civilizations are heading towards inevitable conflict. The demographics of the West remain sluggish,…
while the population of the Muslim world explodes, widening the cultural gap and all but guaranteeing the outbreak of war. Leaving aside the media's sound and fury on this issue, measured analysis shows another reality taking shape: rapprochement between these two civilizations, benefiting from a universal movement with roots in the Enlightenment. The historical and geographical sweep of this book discredits the notion of a specific Islamic demography. The range of fertility among Muslim women, for example, is as varied as religious behavior among Muslims in general. Whether agnostics, fundamentalist Salafis, or al-Qaeda activists, Muslims are a diverse group that prove the variety and individuality of Islam. Youssef Courbage and Emmanuel Todd consider different degrees of literacy, patriarchy, and defensive reactions among minority Muslim populations, underscoring the spread of massive secularization throughout the Arab and Muslim world. In this regard, they argue, there is very little to distinguish the evolution of Islam from the history of Christianity, especially with Muslims now entering a global modernity. Sensitive to demographic variables and their reflection of personal and social truths, Courbage and Todd upend a dangerous meme: that we live in a fractured world close to crisis, struggling with an epidemic of closed cultures and minds made different by religion.Contemporary Arab Thought: Cultural Critique in Comparative Perspective
By Elizabeth Suzanne Kassab. 2010
During the second half of the twentieth century, the Arab intellectual and political scene polarized between a search for totalizing…
doctrines—nationalist, Marxist, and religious—and radical critique. Arab thinkers were reacting to the disenchanting experience of postindependence Arab states, as well as to authoritarianism, intolerance, and failed development. They were also responding to successive defeats by Israel, humiliation, and injustice. The first book to take stock of these critical responses, this volume illuminates the relationship between cultural and political critique in the work of major Arab thinkers, and it connects Arab debates on cultural malaise, identity, and authenticity to the postcolonial issues of Latin America and Africa, revealing the shared struggles of different regions and various Arab concerns.The Garden and the Fire: Heaven and Hell in Islamic Culture
By Nerina Rustomji. 2009
Islamic conceptions of heaven and hell began in the seventh century as an early doctrinal innovation, but by the twelfth…
century, these notions had evolved into a highly formalized ideal of perfection. In tracking this transformation, Nerina Rustomji reveals the distinct material culture and aesthetic vocabulary Muslims developed to understand heaven and hell and identifies the communities and strategies of defense that took shape around the promise of a future world.Ideas of the afterworld profoundly influenced daily behaviors in Islamic society and gave rise to a code of ethics that encouraged abstinence from sumptuous objects, such as silver vessels and silk, so they could be appreciated later in heaven. Rustomji conducts a meticulous study of texts and images and carefully connects the landscape and social dynamics of the afterworld with earthly models and expectations. Male servants and female companions become otherworldly objects in the afterlife, and stories of rewards and punishment helped preachers promote religious reform. By employing material culture as a method of historical inquiry, Rustomji points to the reflections, discussions, and constructions that actively influenced Muslims' picture of the afterworld, culminating in a distinct religious aesthetic.Guardians of Islam: Religious Authority and Muslim Communities of Late Medieval Spain
By Kathryn Miller. 2008
Muslim enclaves within non-Islamic polities are commonly believed to have been beleaguered communities undergoing relentless cultural and religious decline. Cut…
off from the Islamic world, these Muslim groups, it is assumed, passively yielded to political, social, and economic forces of assimilation and acculturation before finally accepting Christian dogma. Kathryn A. Miller radically reconceptualizes what she calls the exclave experience of medieval Muslim minorities. By focusing on the legal scholars (faqihs) of fifteenth-century Aragonese Muslim communities and translating little-known and newly discovered texts, she unearths a sustained effort to connect with Muslim coreligionaries and preserve practice and belief in the face of Christian influences. Devoted to securing and disseminating Islamic knowledge, these local authorities intervened in Christian courts on behalf of Muslims, provided Arabic translations, and taught and advised other Muslims. Miller follows the activities of the faqihs, their dialogue with Islamic authorities in nearby Muslim polities, their engagement with Islamic texts, and their pursuit of traditional ideals of faith. She demonstrates that these local scholars played a critical role as cultural mediators, creating scholarly networks and communal solidarity despite living in an environment dominated by Christianity.