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PTSD: A Short History (Johns Hopkins Biographies of Disease)
By Allan V. Horwitz. 2018
A comprehensive history of PTSD.Post-traumatic stress disorder—and its predecessor diagnoses, including soldier’s heart, railroad spine, and shell shock—was recognized as…
a psychiatric disorder in the latter part of the nineteenth century. The psychic impacts of train crashes, wars, and sexual shocks among children first drew psychiatric attention. Later, enormous numbers of soldiers suffering from battlefield traumas returned from the world wars. It was not until the 1980s that PTSD became a formal diagnosis, in part to recognize the intense psychic suffering of Vietnam War veterans and women with trauma-related personality disorders. PTSD now occupies a dominant place in not only the mental health professions but also major social institutions and mainstream culture, making it the signature mental disorder of the early twenty-first century. In PTSD, Allan V. Horwitz traces the fluctuations in definitions of and responses to traumatic psychic conditions. Arguing that PTSD, perhaps more than any other diagnostic category, is a lens for showing major historical changes in conceptions of mental illness, he surveys the conditions most likely to produce traumas, the results of those traumas, and how to evaluate the claims of trauma victims. Illuminating a number of central issues about psychic disturbances more generally—including the relative importance of external stressors and internal vulnerabilities in causing mental illness, the benefits and costs of mental illness labels, and the influence of gender on expressions of mental disturbance—PTSD is a compact yet comprehensive survey. The book will appeal to diverse audiences, including the educated public, students across the psychological and social sciences, and trauma victims who are interested in socio-historical approaches to their condition.Praise for Allan V. Horwitz’s Anxiety: A Short History"The definitive overview of the history of anxiety."—Bulletin of the History of Medicine"A lucid, erudite and brisk intellectual history driven by a clear and persuasive central argument."—Social History of Medicine"An enlightening tour of anxiety, set at a sensible pace, with an exceptional scholar and writer leading the way."—Library JournalThe Johns Hopkins Guide to Psychological First Aid
By George S. Everly Jr., Jeffrey M. Lating. 2017
Learn the essential skills of psychological first aid from the expert who created the Johns Hopkins RAPID PFA method.Psychological first…
aid, or PFA, is designed to mitigate the effects of acute stress and trauma and assist those in crisis to cope effectively with adversity. PFA is designed to be applied in emergencies, including disasters and terrorist attacks. In this essential guide, George S. Everly, Jr., developer of the Johns Hopkins RAPID PFA method, and Jeffrey M. Lating, his collaborator in its implementation, describe the principles and practices underpinning this psychological model in an easy-to-follow, prescriptive, and practical manner. They explain the history of PFA and persuasively demonstrate its powerful versatility. Mental health practitioners can apply PFA in all settings. It can also be used as a public-health tool to address mental health needs following critical incidents and as a means for building community resilience.Aimed at mental health practitioners, all first responders, and global health disaster teams such as Médecins Sans Frontières and the World Health Organization, The Johns Hopkins Guide to Psychological First Aid is the first book to thoroughly explain RAPID PFA. RAPID, a unique theoretically grounded and evidence-based PFA method, follows a set of easily understood principles. In each chapter, Everly and Lating provide a step-by-step approach and include a key point summary to emphasize essential elements. A unifying case exemplifies each phase of the RAPID PFA model in an ongoing dialogue that presents ideal PFA responses, examples of common mistakes, and various outcomes.In addition to their counseling experience in Kuwait after the Gulf War and in New York City after the September 11 attacks, the authors have traveled nationally and internationally to teach the RAPID PFA method in numerous public health, fire, police, military, and faith-based settings. Beneficial to those with little or no previous mental health training, this book is an essential tool for people who want to learn, to practice, or to retain their ability to use psychological first aid effectively.Autistic girls can be frequently misunderstood, underestimated and therefore anxious in a school environment. This practical book offers an innovative…
life skills curriculum for autistic girls aged 11 to 15, based on the author's successful workshops and training, which show how to support girls' wellbeing and boost their self-esteem.Including an adapted PSHE curriculum, this is a straightforward guide to educating autistic children on the issues that matter most to them. It covers all essential areas of wellbeing, including communication, identity, self-regulation and triggers, safety, and physical and mental health, and offers the reader strategies to help the autistic girls in their lives enhance and develop these.Explaining the Evidence: How the Mind Investigates the World
By David A. Lagnado. 2022
How do we make sense of complex evidence? What are the cognitive principles that allow detectives to solve crimes, and…
lay people to puzzle out everyday problems? To address these questions, David Lagnado presents a novel perspective on human reasoning. At heart, we are causal thinkers driven to explain the myriad ways in which people behave and interact. We build mental models of the world, enabling us to infer patterns of cause and effect, linking words to deeds, actions to effects, and crimes to evidence. But building models is not enough; we need to evaluate these models against evidence, and we often struggle with this task. We have a knack for explaining, but less skill at evaluating. Fortunately, we can improve our reasoning by reflecting on inferential practices and using formal tools. This book presents a system of rational inference that helps us evaluate our models and make sounder judgments.The Method of Multiple Hypotheses: A Guide for Professional and Academic Researchers
By Charles S. Reichardt. 2022
This book illustrates the method of multiple hypotheses with detailed examples and describes the limitations facing all methods (including the…
method of multiple hypotheses) as the means for constructing knowledge about nature. Author Charles Reichardt explains the method of multiple hypotheses using a range of real-world applications involving the causes of crime, traffic fatalities, and home field advantage in sports. The book describes the benefits of utilizing multiple hypotheses and the inherent limitations within which all methods must operate because all conclusions about nature must remain tentative and forever subject to revision. Nonetheless, the book reveals how the method of multiple hypotheses can produce strong inferences even in the face of the inevitable uncertainties of knowledge. The author also explicates some of the most foundational ideas in philosophy of science including the notions of the underdetermination of theory by data, the Duhem-Quine thesis, and the theory-ladenness of observation. This book will be important reading for advanced undergraduates, graduates, and professional researchers across the social, behavioral, and natural sciences wanting to understand this method and how to apply it to their field of interest.States of Belonging: Immigration Policies, Attitudes, and Inclusion
By Deborah J. Schildkraut, John F. Dovidio, Yuen J. Huo, Tomas R. Jimenez. 2021
Political turmoil surrounding immigration at the federal level and the inability of Congress to pass comprehensive immigration reform have provided…
an opening for state and local governments to become more active in setting their own immigration-related policies. States largely dictate the resources, institutions, and opportunities immigrants can access: who can get a driver’s license or attend a state university, what languages are spoken in schools and public offices, how law enforcement interacts with the public, and even what schools teach students about history. In States of Belonging, an interdisciplinary team of immigration experts – Tomás R. Jiménez, Deborah J. Schildkraut, Yuen J. Huo, and John F. Dovidio – explore the interconnections among immigration policies, attitudes about immigrants and immigration, and sense of belonging in two neighboring states – Arizona and New Mexico – with divergent approaches to welcoming newcomers. Arizona and New Mexico are historically and demographically similar, but they differ in their immigration policies. Arizona has enacted unwelcoming policies towards immigrants, restricting the access of immigrants to state resources, social services, and public institutions. New Mexico is more welcoming, actively seeking to protect the rights of immigrants and extending access to state resources and institutions. The authors draw on an original survey and in-depth interviews of a cross-section of each state’s population to illustrate how these differing approaches affect the sense of belonging not only among immigrants, but among the U.S.-born as well. Respondents in Arizona, regardless of whether they were foreign- or native-born or their ethno-racial background, agreed that the state is unwelcoming to immigrants, and they pointed to Arizona’s restrictive policies as the primary factor. The sense of rejection perceived by Latinos in Arizona, including the foreign-born and the U.S.-born, was profound. They felt the effects of administrative and symbolic exclusions of the state’s unwelcoming policies as they went about their daily lives. New Mexico’s more welcoming approach had positive effects on the Latino immigrant population, and these policies contributed to an increased sense of belonging among U.S.-born Latinos and U.S.-born whites as well. The authors show that exposure to information about welcoming policies is associated with an improved sense of belonging across most population groups. They also find that the primary dividing line when it came to reactions to welcoming policies was political, not ethno-racial. Only self-identified Republicans, Latino as well as white, showed reduced feelings of belonging. States of Belonging demonstrates that welcoming policies cultivate a greater sense of belonging for immigrants and other state citizens, suggesting that policies aimed at helping immigrants gain a social, economic, and political foothold in this country can pay a broad societal dividend.Art Therapy with Veterans
By Erin Partridge, Gioia Chilton, Deborah Murphy, Jashley Boatwright, Kevin D’Augustine, Courtney Bennett, Raquel Farrell-Kirk, Peter Buotte, Meredith McMackin. 2021
With both personal and professional insight from a range of contributors, this informative guide highlights the use of art therapy…
in a range of settings to support military veterans. Offering a wealth of knowledge on this approach and the variety of current programs available, this is an invaluable resource for all therapists looking to provide support for this population.Chapters explore the use of art therapy in a range of different settings, including museum programs, open studio therapy and assisted living environments, as well as large group therapy at treatment facilities for active-duty service members. It also offers rare insight into the effectiveness of art therapy in supporting veterans who are processing military sexual trauma, moral injury and countertransference, filling essential gaps in knowledge within this area.As demand for this practice continues to grow, Art Therapy with Veterans provides inspiration for future programs and therapists looking to support military communities.Music Therapy with Military and Veteran Populations
By Melissa Walker, Elizabeth Freeman, Jonathan Crane, Donna Betts, Justin Francis, Brittany Costa, David Otto, Lisbeth Woodward, Nathaniel McLaughlan, Danielle Vetro-Kalseth, Lisa Fagan, Lori Gooding, John D. Hogue, Hannah Bronson, Moira G. McGuire, Mack Bailey, Barbara Reuer, Jason Danley, Donna Faraone, Sara Kass, Megan Wong, Natalie Quintana, Claudia Avila, Diane G. Lantston, Karen Wacks, Demi Bullock. 2022
Combining essential information, professional insights, and lived experiences, this book offers a unique overview of the use of music therapy…
with active-duty service members, veterans, and other military-connected populations in the United States. Contributors include music therapists specializing with the military, as well as military personnel, veterans, and their families, providing an in-depth review of the impact that music therapy can have within this community.Detailing the historical evolution of the approach within a military context, the book explores the integration of music therapy into traditional treatment programs for service members and veterans particularly those with TBI and PTSD. Chapters cover the use of music therapy in both individual and group settings, and the opportunities to facilitate therapy via virtual platforms. Throughout, it emphasises the importance of music in military culture, highlighting the benefits of this approach with military communities. Personal accounts from military families are also included, as well as discussion on continued clinical and research innovation within the field.The first book to address this growing practice, it will inspire, inform and empower therapists and professionals working with and supporting military populations.'I am Rosie. I have BPD. I am not an attention-seeker, manipulative, dangerous, hopeless, unlovable, 'broken', 'difficult to reach' or…
'unwilling to engage'. I am caring, creative, courageous, determined, full of life and love.'Talking About BPD is a positive, stigma-free guide to life with borderline personality disorder (BPD) from award-winning blogger Rosie Cappuccino.Addressing what BPD is, the journey to diagnosis and available treatments, Rosie offers advice on life with BPD and shares practical tips and DBT-based techniques for coping day to day. Topics such as how to talk about BPD to those around you, managing relationships and self-harm are also explored. Throughout, Rosie shares her own experiences and works to dispel stigma and challenge the stereotypes often associated with the disorder.This much-needed, hopeful guide will offer support, understanding, validation and empowerment for all living with BPD, as well as those who support them.Murder Isn't Easy: The Forensics of Agatha Christie
By Carla Valentine. 2021
Fascinating - PrimaAgatha Christie is one of our most beloved authors - a storyteller unparalleled in her clever plots and…
twisting tales. But Agatha was also a forensic expert; in each of her books she employs an expert weaving of human observation, ingenuity and genuine science of the era.In Murder Isn't Easy Carla Valentine illuminates all of Agatha's incredible knowledge, showing how she stayed at the cutting edge of forensics from ballistics to fingerprint analysis, as seen through much-loved characters such as Poirot and Miss Marple.From the glamour and grit of Agatha Christie's stories, to the real-life cases that inspired them, Murder Isn't Easy will immerse you in the forensics that influenced generations of writers and scientists alike.Universalising Healthcare in India: From Care to Coverage
By K. B. Saxena, Imrana Qadeer, P. M. Arathi. 2021
This book provides a comprehensive overview of universal health coverage in India. It starts by setting the historical context and…
politics of the debates around universal health coverage (UHC) in India and proceeds to analyze the present crisis of public health in the country. The book examines the present policies on the pharmaceutical industry, missing links in universalizing health, and the importance of social determinants of health. It is divided into five sections, and some of the topics covered include the difference between comprehensive primary health care and universal health care, public health and medical care, health service, and health system. The chapters are contributed by scholars and practitioners based on historical, interdisciplinary, empirical, and policy research. The book is insightful to academics, public health administrators, policymakers, practitioners, and students interested in health care and organization, looking to transform theory into policy and practice.Accepting that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to controlling drinking, the latest edition of this bestselling book will help you…
assess your drinking and determine whether moderation or abstinence is the best path for you.For decades, the standard treatment for people struggling with alcohol consumption has focused on convincing them to admit that they are an alcoholic, to stop drinking entirely, and to enter into a program, most commonly Alcoholics Anonymous. But in his more than thirty-five-year career as an addiction specialist working with people who want to change their drinking habits, Michael S. Levy has found that the routes to behavioral change actually vary. And although abstinence is the successful route for many people, others can moderate their drinking on their own or with professional help. In this practical, effective, and compassionate book, Levy helps people take control of their alcohol problem by teaching them how to think about and address their drinking habits. Beginning with a set of self-assessments that reveal whether the reader's use of alcohol is creating problems, Levy explains the causes of problem drinking, discusses the growing recognition of the various ways an alcohol use disorder can show itself, and talks about why it is so difficult to change. Offering advice for choosing between moderating your drinking or abstaining altogether, he also touches on coping with slipups, fighting helplessness and the fear of failure, and knowing when moderation is not achievable. The book is unique in that instead of telling people what they need to do, it meets people at their stage of change and level of readiness to change and helps them decide for themselves what they need to do. Drawing on the latest scientific evidence, this new edition includes• a chapter on the concept of self-medication—a useful but at times overused idea;• a chapter on the concurrent use of drugs (particularly cannabis) during recovery;• an exploration of modern strategies for dealing with drinking, including technology (apps that count drinks, for example) and medications that curb alcohol consumption; • reflections on the use of stigma;• communication strategies for individuals seeking to share their struggle with others;• an exploration of common triggers;• additional worksheets and tips to achieve success; • further material about self-help programs; and • insights about the dark side of addiction treatment.Ultimately, Take Control of Your Drinking empowers people to tackle their drinking problem and gives them the freedom to do so in a way that fits with their own lifestyle and values. This book is useful for anyone who may find that they are drinking too much, for the loved ones of such people, and for clinicians who want to broaden their skills when working with people who struggle with alcohol.Persuasion and Healing: A Comparative Study of Psychotherapy
By Jerome D. Frank, Julia B. Frank. 1991
This popular study of "psychological healing"treats topics ranging from religious revivalism and magical healing to contemporary psychotherapies, from the role…
of the shaman in nonindustrialized societies to the traditional mental hospital. Jerome and Julia Frank (who are father and daughter) contend that these therapies share common elements that improve the "morale"of sufferers. And in combating the "demoralizing meaning"that people attach to their experiences, the authors argue, many therapies are surprisingly similar to rhetoric (the art of persuasion) and to hermeneutics (the study of meanings).Highly acclaimed in previous editions, Persuasion and Healing has been completely revised and expanded. In addition to a broadened exploration of the role of demoralization in illness, this latest edition offers updated information on topics including self-help, family therapy, psychopharmacology, psychotherapy for the mentally ill, and techniques such as primal therapy and bioenergetics. As they explore the power of "healing rhetoric"in these activities, the authors strengthen the ties among the various healing profession.Trained to Kill: Soldiers at War
By Theodore Nadelson. 2005
In two decades of clinical work with Vietnam veterans, psychiatrist Theodore Nadelson sought to understand a seeming paradox about his…
patients: even veterans being treated for post traumatic stress disorder often still felt attracted to the danger and violence of combat and killing. How this could be possible became a central focus of Nadelson's work and thought, as he looked to veterans' stories and within himself for pieces of the human puzzle.This compelling book is the result of that exploration. In it, Nadelson confronts a dark side of human psychology with sensitivity and depth, revealing startling truths about the allure of violence. Among the topics he addresses are the ways in which the concept of war shapes boys' lives from an early age, what happens when killing becomes a job, and how memories of the thrill of combat affect a soldier after the war is over. He probes the aftermath of September 11, including the historic implications of women's experience in the military. A veteran himself, the author weaves together insights from his own clinical and military experience and from the moving narratives of former soldiers with his thoughtful analysis of readings from world literature to answer tough questions: What does our attraction to killing mean for the future of war and civilization? What implications does it have for the way we understand peacetime violence in our society?Psychology and Deterrence (Perspectives on Security)
By Robert Jervis, Richard Ned Lebow, Janice Gross Stein. 1985
Detterence is the most basic concept in American foreign policy today. But past practice indicates it often fails to work…
- and may increase the risk of war. Psychology and Deterrence reveals this stratgy's hidden and generally simplistic assumptions about the nature of power and aggression, threat and response, and calculation and behavior in the international arena.Most current analysis, the authors, note, ignore decisionmakers' emotions, preceptions, and domestic political needs, assuming instead that people repond to crisis in highly rational ways. Examining the historical evidence from a psychological perspective, Psychology and Deterrence offers case studies on the origins of World War I, the 1973 Arab-Israeli conflict, and the Falklands Wars as seen by the most important participants.These case studies reveal national leaders to be both more cautious and more reckless than theory would predict. They also show how deterrence strategies often backfire by aggravating a nation's sense of insequrity, thereby calling forth the very behavior they seek to prevent. The authors' conclusions offer important insights for superpower bargaining and nuclear deterrence.The Happiness Problem: Expecting Better in an Uncertain World
By Sam Wren-Lewis. 2019
We appear to have more control over our lives than ever before. If we could get things right – the…
perfect job, relationship, family, body and mind – then we’d be happy. With enough economic growth and technological innovation, we could cure all societal ills. The Happiness Problem shows that this way of thinking is too simplistic and can even be harmful: no matter how much progress we make, we will still be vulnerable to disappointment, loss and suffering. The things we do to make ourselves happy are merely the tip of the iceberg. Sam Wren-Lewis offers an alternative process that acknowledges insecurity and embraces uncertainty. Drawing on our psychological capacities for curiosity and compassion, he proposes that we can connect with, and gain a deeper understanding of, the personal and social challenges that define our timeWork and Personality Change: What We Do Makes Who We Are
By Ying Wang, Chia-Huei Wu. 2021
Can your job change your personality? While traditionally personality has been considered fixed and stable, recent thinking indicates that this…
is not the case. Personality can be changed by various work and vocational experiences, such as employment conditions, career roles, job characteristics and training or interventions. Drawing on a wide array of research in the field, Wang and Wu provide a conceptual overview on how personality can be changed at work by societal, organisational and job-related factors, while considering how individuals can take an active approach in changing their personality at work.Decoloniality and Epistemic Justice in Contemporary Community Psychology (Community Psychology)
By Christopher C. Sonn, Garth Stevens. 2021
This book examines the ways in which decolonial theory has gained traction and influenced knowledge production, praxis and epistemic justice…
in various contemporary iterations of community psychology across the globe. With a notable Southern focus (although not exclusively so), the volume critically interrogates the biases in Western modernist thought in relation to community psychology, and to illuminate and consolidate current epistemic alternatives that contribute to the possibilities of emancipatory futures within community psychology. To this end, the volume includes contributions from community psychology theory and praxis across the globe that speak to standpoint approaches (e.g. critical race studies, queer theory, indigenous epistemologies) in which the experiences of the majority of the global population are more accurately reflected, address key social issues such as the on-going racialization of the globe, gender, class, poverty, xenophobia, sexuality, violence, diasporas, migrancy, environmental degradation, and transnationalism/globalisation, and embrace forms of knowledge production that involve the co-construction of new knowledges across the traditional binary of knowledge producers and consumers. This book is an engaging resource for scholars, researchers, practitioners, activists and advanced postgraduate students who are currently working within community psychology and cognate sub-disciplines within psychology more broadly. A secondary readership is those working in development studies, political science, community development and broader cognate disciplines within the social sciences, arts, and humanities.New Philosophical Essays on Love and Loving
By Simon Cushing. 2021
New philosophical essays on love by a diverse group of international scholars. Topics include contributions to the ongoing debate on whether…
love is arational or if there are reasons for love, and if so what kind; the kinds of love there may be (between humans and artificial intelligences, between non-human animals and humans); whether love can explain the difference between nationalism and patriotism; whether love is an necessary component of truly seeing others and the world; whether love, like free will, is “fragile,” and may not survive in a deterministic world; and whether or not love is actually a good thing or may instead be a force opposed to morality. Key philosophers discussed include Immanuel Kant, Iris Murdoch, Bernard Williams, Harry Frankfurt, J. David Velleman, Niko Kolodny, Thomas Hurka, Bennett Helm, Alfred Mele and Derk Pereboom. Essays also touch on the treatment of love in literature and popular culture, from Graham Greene’s The End of the Affair to Spike Jonze’s movie her.Fakt und Vorurteil: Kommunikation mit Esoterikern, Fanatikern und Verschwörungsgläubigen
By Holm Gero Hümmler, Ulrike Schiesser. 2021
Beim Kaffeetrinken mit der Familie wird Ihnen energetisiertes Wasser angeboten. Auf Twitter diskutieren Sie mit Impfgegnern. Die WhatsApp-Kitagruppe diskutiert Sternzeichen,…
die Apotheke verkauft Ihnen Globuli, die Nachbarin missioniert für ihren Guru und die Nachrichten beschäftigen sich schon wieder mit Demonstrationen von Rechtsextremen.Überall begegnen Ihnen Verschwörungsmythen, Aberglaube, Esoterik, Pseudowissenschaften und Co. und Sie möchten darauf reagieren – dabei möglichst sachlich bleiben, Ihren Standpunkt klarstellen, Fakten liefern, aber auch nicht unnötig provozieren oder überladen. Außerdem möchten Sie Ihr Gegenüber nicht verletzen, aber zum Umdenken anregen. Doch wie gelingt das?Wenn Sie sich diese Frage stellen, lesen Sie „Fakt und Vorurteil“. Verstehen Sie, warum wir von Emotionen gesteuert sind und die meisten Informationen an uns abprallen. Lesen Sie Erfahrungen und Tipps aus Interviews mit professionellen (Wissenschafts-)Kommunikatoren. Verfolgen Sie dann unterschiedliche Personen durch ihre eigenen Umdenkprozesse: Was überzeugt einen Alternativmediziner davon, nichtevidenzbasierte Medizin hinter sich zu lassen? Was war ausschlaggebend für eine ehemalige Impfgegnerin, ihre Kinder doch impfen zu lassen? Was hilft Mitgliedern von vereinnahmenden Organisationen beim Ausstieg? Was bewegt ein gefeiertes Medium, sich aus der Esoterik zu lösen? Dieses Buch richtet sich an alle, die sich um Personen mit irrationalen Weltsichten sorgen oder nicht wissen, wie sie mit ihnen kommunizieren sollen – sei es in der Familie, im Freundeskreis, anonym im Internet oder bei der Arbeit. Die Autoren geben konkrete Tipps zu Diskussionen und Situationen und helfen auch dabei zu entscheiden, wann es wichtig ist sich zu engagieren und wann man sich lieber zurückzieht.