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Deep Learning for Crack-Like Object Detection
By Kaige Zhang, Heng-Da Cheng. 2023
Computer vision-based crack-like object detection has many useful applications, such as inspecting/monitoring pavement surface, underground pipeline, bridge cracks, railway tracks…
etc. However, in most contexts, cracks appear as thin, irregular long-narrow objects, and often are buried in complex, textured background with high diversity which make the crack detection very challenging. During the past a few years, deep learning technique has achieved great success and has been utilized for solving a variety of object detection problems. This book discusses crack-like object detection problem comprehensively. It starts by discussing traditional image processing approaches for solving this problem, and then introduces deep learning-based methods. It provides a detailed review of object detection problems and focuses on the most challenging problem, crack-like object detection, to dig deep into the deep learning method. It includes examples of real-world problems, which are easy to understand and could be a good tutorial for introducing computer vision and machine learning.
Fundamental Concepts of Molecular Spectroscopy
By Abani K Bhuyan. 2022
This practical and unique textbook explains the core areas of molecular spectroscopy as a classical teacher would, from the perspective of…
both theory and experimental practice. Comprehensive in scope, the author carefully explores and explains each concept, walking side by side with the student through carefully constructed text, pedagogy, and derivations to ensure comprehension of the basics before approaching higher level topics. The author incorporates both electric resonance and magnetic resonance in the textbook.
Metal Matrix Composites: Advances in Processing Methods, Machinability Studies and Applications
By Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, Jayakrishna Kandasamy, Rajyalakshmi G. 2023
With a focus on advances in metal matrix composite (MMC) fabrications from a theoretical and experimental perspective, this book describes…
the recent developments in the manufacturing of MMCs, various processing methods and parameters, mechanical properties and synthesis of MMCs. It deals with several multi-criteria decision-making techniques suggested to choose the best materials for application and the effects of reinforcement on chip formation, tool wear and part quality during the machining. Features: Discusses modeling of metal matrix composites (MMC) and fabrication of hybrid MMCs Covers advanced characterization studies of nanocomposites Reviews high-temperature applications and cobalt-nickel combination materials Provides inputs regarding optimal selection of percentage of reinforcement materials for MMC’s fabrication based on industrial requirements Focuses on aerospace and automotive industries This book is aimed at graduate students, researchers and professionals in micro/nanoscience and technology, mechanical engineering, industrial engineering, metallurgy and composites.
Emerging Technologies in Wastewater Treatment (Wastewater Treatment and Research)
By Maulin P. Shah. 2023
Emerging technologies in wastewater treatment plant is an ecological, profitable and natural technology designed to eliminate heavy metals, radionuclides, xenobiotic…
compounds, organic waste, pesticides, etc. from contaminated sites or industrial downloads through biological means. Since this technology is used in conditions on site, it does not physically disturb the site unlike conventional methods, that is, chemical or mechanical methods. In this technology, higher plants or microbes are used alone or in combination for the phytoextraction of heavy metals from sites contaminated with metals. Through microbial interventions, metals are immobilized or mobilized through redox conversions in contaminated sites. If they are mobilized, accumulating metal plants are placed to accumulate metals in their bodies. Next, metal-loaded plants are collected and recycled to reduce the volume of waste and then, disposed of as hazardous materials or used for the recovery of precious metals, if possible. In case of immobilization, metals are no longer available to be toxic to organisms. There are very few books published on the proposed theme. A good number of books have been published on environmental bioremediation, but the proposed book is a new and an innovative proposal specifically in wastewater treatment. Looking into the importance of emerging technologies in wastewater treatment research, the book will have a high and applicable value in industrial wastewater treatment research. Features: The book highlights the importance of emerging technologies in the wastewater treatment plant to clean up the environment from pollution caused by human activities. It assesses the potential application of several existing bioremediation techniques and introduces new emerging technologies. It is an updated vision of the existing emerging technologies in environmental bioremediation strategies with their limitations and challenges and their potential application to remove environmental pollutants. It also introduces the new trends and advances in environmental bioremediation with a thorough discussion of recent developments in this field. Highlights the importance of bioremediation to deal with the ever-increasing number of environmental pollutants.
Applying a socio-ecological framework, this book explores how the innovative approach of commons-based organic apple breeding can contribute to sustainability…
in agricultural and food systems more widely. As fruit breeding and cultivation systems are confronted with a range of sustainability challenges, there are calls for new and innovative breeding approaches beyond mainstream economic solutions that would mitigate these sustainability challenges. Apples, in particular, are facing serious environmental challenges, with the negative environmental impacts of modern conventional breeding and farming, loss of agrobiodiversity, low participation and diminishing diversity of market actors in the wake of privatization and economization trends result in a lack of resilience in current breeding and cultivation systems. Drawing on in-depth case study research on apple production in Germany, this book advances the innovative solution of commons-based apple breeding as a model for developing resilience in fruit breeding and cultivation. It analyzes this approach, comparing it with more conventional practices, and showcases which factors could inhibit the broad implementation of commons-based apple breeding and how they can be overcome to exploit its full potential. Contributing to the great ambition of finding sustainable solutions across all agricultural sectors, this book opens up new and interdisciplinary perspectives on fruit breeding and cultivation, which is a largely neglected issue in contemporary discussions on agriculture and food production. This book will be of great interest for students and scholars from the fields of sustainable food systems, sustainable agriculture, crop science, and resource management and in particular those that seek inspiration for innovative approaches rooted in sustainability research, social-ecological resilience, and the commons.
Bionanotechnology Towards Green Energy: Innovative and Sustainable Approach (Advances in Bionanotechnology)
By Shubha Dwivedi and Naveen Dwivedi. 2023
Bionanotechnology Towards Green Energy explains the role of bionanotechnology in the next generation technologies of green energy from an interdisciplinary…
and sustainability perspective. Chapters cover different roles of bionanotechnology such as applications of bio-nano enabled materials/coatings, scaling-up of green energy production, design and synthesis of bio-inspired nanomaterials and their applications, bio-nanofluid-based photovoltaic thermal systems, the use of bio-templated and biomimetic materials, and so forth. It focuses on waste-to-energy conversion and fixing intricate environmental issues. Key features: Provides detailed coverage of green energy production through bionanotechnological intervention Reviews future research needs in bionanotechnology in the green energy sector and scientific challenges in the mitigation of energy crises Deals with cutting-edge research on microbial synergism in biohydrogen production and storage Discusses the fabrication of bio-nano/hybrid electrode materials for supercapacitors and energy storage devices Includes extensive illustrations, case studies, summary tables, and up-to-date references This book is aimed at researchers and professionals in bionanotechnology, energy sciences, and environmental engineering.
Patterns of Interaction: Computational Design Across Scales (SpringerBriefs in Architectural Design and Technology)
By Pia Fricker, Toni Kotnik. 2023
This book is a reflection on contemporary computational design thinking at the intersection of architecture, urban design, and landscape architecture,…
in a time marked by complex challenges like climate change, urbanization and population growth. Based on a critical rethinking of the notion of ground and the relation between the manmade and the natural environment, an understanding of architecture as regenerative practice is proposed. It aims at a built environment as landscape, at an architecture of prosthetic nature. The design approach is illustrated by a number of design experiments conducted within a studio setting and complemented by a series of conversations with leading experts on sustainable design and landscape architecture.
Single-Particle Structure of 29Mg on the Approach to the N = 20 Island of Inversion (Springer Theses)
By Patrick T. MacGregor. 2022
The nuclear shell model has had much success when describing nuclear structure. It is able to describe the single-particle states…
of nuclei, and gives understanding as to how nuclear structure evolves as the number of nucleons changes in a nucleus. This led to the discovery of the so-called magic numbers, which designate particularly stable configurations of protons and neutrons in nuclei.With the advent of radioactive ion beams, it has become possible to probe exotic nuclei to test current theories of nuclear structure. These investigations have led to the discovery of exotic nuclear phenomena, with structures different to those found in stable nuclei. One of these is the N=20 island of inversion, where configurations that appear in stable nuclei become less bound than more exotic particle-hole configurations across a shell gap. Another is the weakening of the magic N=20 shell gap to N=16 as the number of protons is reduced in this isotonic chain.Of particular interest are the magnesium isotopes, which exhibit a swift transition into the island of inversion with 29Mg lying outside and 31Mg lying inside. In addition, 29Mg lies one neutron outside N=16, so is also able to give insight on the weakening of the N=16 shell gap. Mapping this region of the chart of nuclides helps in the understanding of the evolution of this nuclear structure. A useful probe for this task is single-particle transfer reactions. However, these reactions have been hindered by low yields from radioactive ion beams, as well as suffering from kinematic effects that obscure the states that need to be observed. The ISOLDE Solenoidal Spectrometer (ISS), that measures these transfer reactions in a solenoidal magnetic field, was designed to counteract these effects. With the high-yield radioactive ion beams at ISOLDE, CERN, these transfer reactions became viable.Therefore, the nuclear structure of 29Mg was probed using the d(28Mg,p) reaction using this device. This work marks the first measurement using the ISOLDE Solenoidal spectrometer and the first time that a solenoidal spectrometer has been used at an ISOL radioactive beam facility. The measurements highlight the interplay of nucleon-nucleon interactions and the geometry of the nuclear potential in driving observed trends in single-particle structure, in particular the changes in closed shells towards doubly magic 24O
Developments in Information and Knowledge Management Systems for Business Applications: Volume 7 (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #462)
By Natalia Kryvinska, Michal Greguš, Solomiia Fedushko. 2023
This book presents a combination of chapters assembled in different fields of expertise. The book examines different aspects of business…
knowledge from a philosophical and practical standpoint. This data helps modern organizations by providing valuable insights and suggestions for future research and results. The increasing number of business disciplines studied necessitates implementing effective analytics practices within organizations. This book explores disciplinary and multidisciplinary concepts and practical techniques to help analyze the evolving field.
An Introduction to Chemistry
By Michael Mosher, Paul Kelter. 2023
This textbook is written to thoroughly cover the topic of introductory chemistry in detail—with specific references to examples of topics…
in common or everyday life. It provides a major overview of topics typically found in first-year chemistry courses in the USA. The textbook is written in a conversational question-based format with a well-defined problem solving strategy and presented in a way to encourage readers to “think like a chemist” and to “think outside of the box.” Numerous examples are presented in every chapter to aid students and provide helpful self-learning tools. The topics are arranged throughout the textbook in a "traditional approach" to the subject with the primary audience being undergraduate students and advanced high school students of chemistry.
O Estranho e Surpreendente Mundo dos Sentidos
By Guy Leschziner. 2022
COMO OS SENTIDOS MOLDAM A NOSSA PERCEÇÃO DO MUNDO Os nossos sentidos são vitais para a compreensão de tudo o…
que nos rodeia. Eles enriquecem as nossas experiências de vida e são parte integrante das nossas memórias. No entanto, são falíveis e inconsistentes, vulneráveis a diferenças entre indivíduos e a doenças, pelo que aquilo que consideramos ser real não é mais do que uma reconstrução complexa, uma realidade virtual criada pelo nosso cérebro. A verdade é que os nossos sentidos podem trair-nos, oferecendo-nos a sua própria interpretação do que podemos ver, ouvir, cheirar, tocar ou sentir. Neste livro, o Dr. Guy Leschziner, um conceituado neurologista, apresenta-nos histórias reais e extraordinárias de pessoas cujos sentidos foram alterados de alguma forma, com consequências inesperadas e por vezes devastadoras: pessoas a quem as palavras ativam as papilas gustativas, produzindo um verdadeiro sabor; pessoas cegas que têm uma visão pormenorizada e vívida; pessoas para quem as sensações de quente e frio se invertem. Estes relatos surpreendentes demonstram as limitações dos sentidos, a sua dependência do bom funcionamento do nosso sistema nervoso e, mais importante, o modo como a perceção do mundo pode ser bastante diferente da realidade para cada um de nós. «Um mergulho fascinante nas profundezas das funções e disfunções dos sentidos.» Publishers Weekly «Um livro profundamente comovente e poderoso, repleto de ideias provocadoras sobre a perceção humana e a forma como construímos a realidade.» DANIEL M. DAVIS, autor de O Incrível Sistema Imunitário «Um livro intenso, divertido e excecional. O professor Leschziner conduz-nos numa viagem de exploração dos nossos sentidos, fazendo-nos questionar a natureza da nossa realidade e a forma como interpretamos o mundo que nos rodeia.» Dr. Alistair Stanhouse, psiquiatra e autor de Head First «Através de histórias vívidas de doenças que afetam os nossos sentidos, o professor Leschziner faz uma análise profunda da imensidão de experiências sensoriais presentes em todos os momentos das nossas vidas, mas de que quase não estamos conscientes. Uma fantástica abordagem da neurociência à compreensão dos sentidos.» Allan Ropper, autor bestseller internacional «Fiquei encantada desde o primeiro parágrafo. Através de histórias reais sobre o que acontece quando a nossa frágil perceção do mundo que nos rodeia é afetada, o Dr. Guy Leschziner liga-nos de novo aos nossos sentidos.» Professora Alice Roberts, autora, anatomista e antropóloga
Solar Energy Engineering and Applications (Power Systems)
By Ahmed Rachid, Aytac Goren, Victor Becerra, Jovana Radulovic, Sourav Khanna. 2023
Solar Energy Engineering and Applications gives a general and concise presentation of solar energy from a practical engineering perspective. The…
book provides readers with a comprehensive, accessible, and intuitive introduction to proven methods and tools for the design, implementation, and monitoring of solar energy systems and associated auxiliary technologies without covering detailed in-depth physics. Coverage includes key aspects of solar energy such as photovoltaic solar cells and systems, battery technologies, solar concentrators, and hybrid photovoltaic/thermal systems. Application areas such as homes, buildings, solar farms, street lighting, vehicles, and dryers are discussed. The methods for connecting solar farms and other photovoltaic installations to power distribution systems are explored in the context of smart grid technologies that are available to facilitate such connections. The book will be a valuable professional reference for practicing engineers and researchers involved in the applications of solar energy.
Computing for Data Analysis: Theory and Practices (Data-Intensive Research)
By Sanjay Chakraborty, Lopamudra Dey. 2023
This book covers various cutting-edge computing technologies and their applications over data. It discusses in-depth knowledge on big data and…
cloud computing, quantum computing, cognitive computing, and computational biology with respect to different kinds of data analysis and applications. In this book, authors describe some interesting models in the cloud, quantum, cognitive, and computational biology domains that provide some useful impact on intelligent data (emotional, image, etc.) analysis. They also explain how these computing technologies based data analysis approaches used for various real-life applications. The book will be beneficial for readers working in this area.
Technical Means for Underwater Archaeology (Earth and Environmental Sciences Library)
By Mikhail Klyuev, Anatoly Schreider, Igor Rakitin. 2023
The book discusses various aspects of the technical support of underwater archaeological research in marine and freshwater areas. This book…
considers the relevance, specificity, and artifacts of underwater archaeological research, stating the factors of flooding of archaeological artifacts. The authors describe the basic equipment for underwater work, as well as the equipment for remote study of the bottom and underwater archaeological research. This book presents the usage of instrumentation in underwater archaeology. Case studies included in this book correspond to the flooded ancient Greek cities of Fanagoria and Patraeus in the Taman Bay of the Black Sea, flooded Neolithic settlements on Lake Sennitsa in the Pskov region of Russia, sunken ships in the north of the Black Sea and sunken liner “Titanic” in the Atlantic Ocean. The book is intended for students, graduate students and archaeologists who are interested in the specifics of underwater archaeological research and are planning to conduct it.
Cell Migration: Methods And Protocols (Methods In Molecular Biology #1749)
By Alexis Gautreau. 2018
This volume covers various assays and techniques that have been developed to study and characterize the cell migration in vitro,…
ex vivo, and in vivo. The chapters in this book present readers with the latest protocols to observe, quantify, and control cell migration. Some of the topics explored in this book are: migration in confined environments, microfluidic devices, optogenetics, chemotaxis, electrotaxis, detection of migrasomes, migration of Q cells in Caenorhabditis elegans, of Drosophila macrophages, optogenetics of cell migration, intravital imaging. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Cutting edge and comprehensive, Cell Migration: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about this expanding field.
Principles of Physics: For Scientists and Engineers (Undergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics)
By Hafez A Radi, John O Rasmussen. 2013
This textbook presents a basic course in physics to teach mechanics, mechanical properties of matter, thermal properties of matter, elementary…
thermodynamics, electrodynamics, electricity, magnetism, light and optics and sound. It includes simple mathematical approaches to each physical principle, and all examples and exercises are selected carefully to reinforce each chapter. In addition, answers to all exercises are included that should ultimately help solidify the concepts in the minds of the students and increase their confidence in the subject. Many boxed features are used to separate the examples from the text and to highlight some important physical outcomes and rules. The appendices are chosen in such a way that all basic simple conversion factors, basic rules and formulas, basic rules of differentiation and integration can be viewed quickly, helping student to understand the elementary mathematical steps used for solving the examples and exercises.Instructors teaching form this textbook will be able to gain online access to the solutions manual which provides step-by-step solutions to all exercises contained in the book. The solutions manual also contains many tips, coloured illustrations, and explanations on how the solutions were derived.
Modern Statistics: A Computer-Based Approach with Python (Statistics for Industry, Technology, and Engineering)
By Shelemyahu Zacks, Ron S. Kenett, Peter Gedeck. 2022
This innovative textbook presents material for a course on modern statistics that incorporates Python as a pedagogical and practical resource.…
Drawing on many years of teaching and conducting research in various applied and industrial settings, the authors have carefully tailored the text to provide an ideal balance of theory and practical applications. Numerous examples and case studies are incorporated throughout, and comprehensive Python applications are illustrated in detail. A custom Python package is available for download, allowing students to reproduce these examples and explore others.The first chapters of the text focus on analyzing variability, probability models, and distribution functions. Next, the authors introduce statistical inference and bootstrapping, and variability in several dimensions and regression models. The text then goes on to cover sampling for estimation of finite population quantities and time series analysis and prediction, concluding with two chapters on modern data analytic methods. Each chapter includes exercises, data sets, and applications to supplement learning.Modern Statistics: A Computer-Based Approach with Python is intended for a one- or two-semester advanced undergraduate or graduate course. Because of the foundational nature of the text, it can be combined with any program requiring data analysis in its curriculum, such as courses on data science, industrial statistics, physical and social sciences, and engineering. Researchers, practitioners, and data scientists will also find it to be a useful resource with the numerous applications and case studies that are included. A second, closely related textbook is titled Industrial Statistics: A Computer-Based Approach with Python. It covers topics such as statistical process control, including multivariate methods, the design of experiments, including computer experiments and reliability methods, including Bayesian reliability. These texts can be used independently or for consecutive courses.The mistat Python package can be accessed at https://gedeck.github.io/mistat-code-solutions/ModernStatistics/"In this book on Modern Statistics, the last two chapters on modern analytic methods contain what is very popular at the moment, especially in Machine Learning, such as classifiers, clustering methods and text analytics. But I also appreciate the previous chapters since I believe that people using machine learning methods should be aware that they rely heavily on statistical ones. I very much appreciate the many worked out cases, based on the longstanding experience of the authors. They are very useful to better understand, and then apply, the methods presented in the book. The use of Python corresponds to the best programming experience nowadays. For all these reasons, I think the book has also a brilliant and impactful future and I commend the authors for that."Professor Fabrizio RuggeriResearch Director at the National Research Council, ItalyPresident of the International Society for Business and Industrial Statistics (ISBIS)Editor-in-Chief of Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry (ASMBI)
Organogermanium Compounds: Theory, Experiment, and Applications, 2 Volumes
By Vladimir Ya. Lee. 2023
Organogermanium Compounds Understand the chemistry of organogermanium compounds with this thorough and cutting-edge reference Discovered comparatively late in the history…
of chemistry, germanium has become one of the most technology-critical elements in modern industry. Germanium and its inorganic and organic derivatives found widespread applications in fiber- and infrared-optics, electronics, polymerization catalysis, solar electric technology, nanotechnology, chemotherapy, and more. Organogermanium compounds containing carbon to germanium chemical bonds, have applications in microelectronics, medicinal and health industries, and beyond. Organogermanium Compounds: Theory, Experiment, and Applications, 2 Volume Set provides a comprehensive review of this class of compounds in two thorough volumes. It covers all modern aspects of these critically important compounds, including theoretical, synthetic, physico-chemical, and applied research. Reflecting the latest breakthroughs in this rapidly growing field, this book promises to serve as the high-level reference for those readers who are interested in organogermanium chemistry. Organogermanium Compounds readers will also find: 19 chapters produced by leading global experts Descriptions of pivotal historical achievements in organogermanium research Coverage of the latest computational, synthetic, and applied breakthroughs Organogermanium Compounds is a critical reference for researchers and professionals in a wide range of academic and industrial fields working with these fascinating compounds. This will also be helpful for university and college students, at both graduate and undergraduate levels.
Superpower?: The Wearable-Tech Revolution (Orca Think #7)
By Elaine Kachala. 2022
Super strength, super hearing, super vision and super connection. Wearable technology may soon give humans superpowers. Imagine being able to…
run without getting tired. Or travel to the moon to observe Earth for science class. The technologies that could make these things possible are mixing into our lives faster than we realize. The stakes are high. In Superpower?: The Wearable-Tech Revolution, young readers will discover how technological innovation can help people survive and thrive. But what if super strength results in endless work? What if hackers can read our thoughts? What if living in a virtual world affects our humanity? The book asks readers to question the pros and cons of technology and consider if innovation can go too far. Meet the inventors, designers, engineers, scientists and young people navigating the next tech frontier.
Dude Perfect 101 Tricks, Tips, and Cool Stuff
By Dude Perfect. 2021
Get a jump start on your own Dude Perfect–style fun with this one-of-a-kind inside look at their tricks, stunts, extreme…
sports, and other cool stuff.Ever wanted to know &“how did they do that&”? Now you can! This guide offers a behind-the-scenes look at all things Dude Perfect, including step-by-step instructions to perform your own real-life trick shots using everyday objects. From the Dude&’s personal insights, favorite tricks, and Dude stats to how patience, friendship, and teamwork can be cool, this interactive, full-color book is pure panda-monium.Whether your own trickster wants to perform solo, challenge a friend, or host a family game night, this book is full of science facts, tips and tricks, and other cool stuff to get them started on their own Overtime video.