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Representing the Disadvantaged: Group Interests and Legislator Reputation in US Congress
By Katrina F. McNally. 2021
The limited attention Congress gives to disadvantaged or marginalized groups, including Black Americans, LGBTQ, Latinx, women, and the poor, is…
well known and often remarked upon. This is the first full-length study to focus instead on those members who do advocate for these groups and when and why they do so. Katrina F. McNally develops the concept of an 'advocacy window' that develops as members of Congress consider incorporating disadvantaged group advocacy into their legislative portfolios. Using new data, she analyzes the impact of constituency factors, personal demographics, and institutional characteristics on the likelihood that members of the Senate or House of Representatives will decide to cultivate a reputation as a disadvantaged group advocate. By comparing legislative activism across different disadvantaged groups rather than focusing on one group in isolation, this study provides fresh insight into the tradeoffs members face as they consider taking up issues important to different groups.Fuzzy Learning and Applications (International Series on Computational Intelligence)
By Marco Russo. 2000
With low computational complexity and relatively short development time, Fuzzy Logic is an indispensable tool for engineering applications. The field…
is growing at an unprecedented rate, and there is a need for a book that describes essential tools, applications, examples, and perspectives in the field of fuzzy learning. The editors of Fuzzy LearniResponsible Use of AI in Military Systems (Chapman & Hall/CRC Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Series)
By Jan Maarten Schraagen. 2024
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is widely used in society today. The (mis)use of biased data sets in machine learning applications is…
well‑known, resulting in discrimination and exclusion of citizens. Another example is the use of non‑transparent algorithms that can’t explain themselves to users, resulting in the AI not being trusted and therefore not being used when it might be beneficial to use it.Responsible Use of AI in Military Systems lays out what is required to develop and use AI in military systems in a responsible manner. Current developments in the emerging field of Responsible AI as applied to military systems in general (not merely weapons systems) are discussed. The book takes a broad and transdisciplinary scope by including contributions from the fields of philosophy, law, human factors, AI, systems engineering, and policy development.Divided into five sections, Section I covers various practical models and approaches to implementing military AI responsibly; Section II focuses on liability and accountability of individuals and states; Section III deals with human control in human‑AI military teams; Section IV addresses policy aspects such as multilateral security negotiations; and Section V focuses on ‘autonomy’ and ‘meaningful human control’ in weapons systems.Key Features: Takes a broad transdisciplinary approach to responsible AI Examines military systems in the broad sense of the word Focuses on the practical development and use of responsible AI Presents a coherent set of chapters, as all authors spent two days discussing each other’s work This book provides the reader with a broad overview of all relevant aspects involved with the responsible development, deployment and use of AI in military systems. It stresses both the advantages of AI as well as the potential downsides of including AI in military systems.Learn R: As a Language (Chapman & Hall/CRC The R Series)
By Pedro J. Aphalo. 2024
Learning a computer language like R can be either frustrating, fun or boring. Having fun requires challenges that wake up…
the learner’s curiosity but also provide an emotional reward for overcoming them. The book is designed so that it includes smaller and bigger challenges, in what I call playgrounds, in the hope that all readers will enjoy their path to R fluency. Fluency in the use of a language is a skill that is acquired through practice and exploration. For students and professionals in the biological sciences, humanities and many applied fields, recognizing the parallels between R and natural languages should help them feel at home with R. The approach I use is similar to that of a travel guide, encouraging exploration and describing the available alternatives and how to reach them. The intention is to guide the reader through the R landscape of 2024 and beyond.What is new in the second edition? Text expanded by more than 25% to include additional R features and gentler and more detailed explanations Contains 24 new diagrams and flowcharts, seven new tables, and revised text and code examples for clarity All three indexes were expanded, and answers to 28 frequently asked questions added What will you find in this book? Programming concepts explained as they apply to current R Emphasis on the role of abstractions in programming Few prescriptive rules—mostly the author’s preferences together with alternatives Presentation of the R language emphasizing the “R way of doing things” Tutoring for “programming in the small” using scripts for data analysis Explanation of the differences between R proper and extensions for data wrangling The grammar of graphics is described as a language for the construction of data visualisations Examples of data exchange between R and the foreign world using common file formats Coaching to become an independent R user, capable of writing original scripts and solving future challengesPopulist Discourse: Recasting Populism Research
By Yannis Stavrakakis. 2024
Populist Discourse: Recasting Populism Research offers a refreshingly innovative discourse theory perspective on populist phenomena. Reading this book will help…
you familiarize yourself with the historical genealogy of significant populist phenomena from the end of the 19th century onwards and with the main conceptual/theoretical accounts established to analyse them. Mainstream conceptualizations of populism in both academia and public discourse are critically discussed in order to map new, promising avenues for research. Inspired by the works of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, the book addresses current challenges within populism research and highlights the new directions that a conceptually nuanced, theoretically rigorous and historically informed discursive orientation can contribute to the contemporary study of populism. Without sacrificing attention to detail, strong bibliographical support and a focus on the future development of populism research, Populist Discourse is written in accessible language to engage populism scholars, advanced undergraduates and graduate-level students within the field of political science. Due to its interdisciplinary character, it will also appeal to readers associated with various politically informed area studies and the broader field of ideology and discourse analysis.Building China into a Cyber Superpower: Desires, Drivers, and Devices
By Munish Sharma. 2024
This book provides a comprehensive look into China’s emerging cyberspace strategy. It highlights the prime drivers of China’s desire to…
be a cyber superpower and discusses the ways in which China is turning resources into cyber power.The book analyses China’s domestic cyber policy initiatives, strategy documents, censorship measures, and the rationale behind its strong advocacy for sovereignty in cyberspace. It examines China’s position on the prominent issues of cyberspace governance, norms and security in cyberspace, and key diplomatic initiatives. The book also discusses next-generation networks, artificial intelligence, quantum information sciences, and cyber warfare.An important contribution to the study of China’s cyber policy, the book will be of interest to students and researchers of international relations,Chinese digitalisation, security studies, Chinese politics, international security, Chinese foreign policy, and Chinese economy. It will also be useful to the policymakers and corporate professionals engaged with China’s digital sphere.Colonised Minds: Narratives that Shape Psychology
By Akira O′Connor, Erin Robbins. 2024
Psychology, as it is taught in the Global North, strives to be an objective science beyond reproach – but what…
happens when we examine the discipline critically, through an anti-colonial lens? This text pulls back the curtain on the existing canon to reveal the historical power structures that shaped the discipline, and examines the extent to which psychology today continues to uphold oppression. Colonised Minds situates current teaching and research of major topics in the field of psychology within the context of colonialism to better understand how some ideas were allowed to flourish while others were suppressed, censored, or left behind. This book will also direct you to critical, antiracist, and feminist approaches for the field and the modern university more generally – looking to voices and perspectives that have been marginalised for ways to rethink the way we see, and teach, psychology. Akira O’Connor is a Senior Lecturer in Psychology and the Institutional Race Equality Charter Chair at the University of St Andrews. Erin Robbins is a Lecturer in Psychology and the Director of Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion for the School of Psychology and Neuroscience at the University of St Andrews.Colonised Minds: Narratives that Shape Psychology
By Akira O′Connor, Erin Robbins. 2024
Psychology, as it is taught in the Global North, strives to be an objective science beyond reproach – but what…
happens when we examine the discipline critically, through an anti-colonial lens? This text pulls back the curtain on the existing canon to reveal the historical power structures that shaped the discipline, and examines the extent to which psychology today continues to uphold oppression. Colonised Minds situates current teaching and research of major topics in the field of psychology within the context of colonialism to better understand how some ideas were allowed to flourish while others were suppressed, censored, or left behind. This book will also direct you to critical, antiracist, and feminist approaches for the field and the modern university more generally – looking to voices and perspectives that have been marginalised for ways to rethink the way we see, and teach, psychology. Akira O’Connor is a Senior Lecturer in Psychology and the Institutional Race Equality Charter Chair at the University of St Andrews. Erin Robbins is a Lecturer in Psychology and the Director of Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion for the School of Psychology and Neuroscience at the University of St Andrews.Pearson Edexcel A Level UK Government and Politics Seventh Edition
By Neil McNaughton, Toby Cooper. 2024
Build subject knowledge, develop critical understanding and help students practise the skills they need to succeed in their study of…
UK Government and Politics. This fully updated textbook for Pearson Edexcel A level Politics will help students develop, understand and engage in the latest developments in UK Government and Politics. Written by Neil McNaughton and revised by Toby Cooper, this new edition is specially designed to reflect the Pearson Edexcel specification and let students approach complex topics with confidence.- Comprehensively covers Government of the UK and Politics of the UK- Places recent developments in a historical context throughout to show the influence of political history on current events- Builds subject confidence by highlighting key terms and explaining synoptic links between different topics in the specification - Develops analysis and evaluation skills through debates and practice questions - Provides answer guidance for practice questions online at www.hoddereducation.com/EdexcelUKPolitics7EGlobal Politics for the IB Diploma (For the IB Diploma)
By Ben Fugill, Jane Hirons, Brian Hull. 2024
Developed in cooperation with the International Baccalaureate®Trust an experienced team of IB educators to help develop the key skills needed…
to understand global politics with a range of contemporary case studies, different perspectives on political issues provided throughout and extensive assessment support.- Build analytical skills with engaging content comprising of case studies and pedagogy to write them.- Improve performance with knowledge-checking quizzes at the end of each chapter along with essay writing and exam guidance that includes case studies that can be deployed as examples and evidence for Paper 2 responses.- Build inquiry skills through class discussion questions that foster intercultural understanding, open mindedness and respect.- Integrate Theory of Knowledge into your lessons with TOK links and Inquiries, written by our bestselling TOK author John Sprague, that provide real-world examples, case studies and questions.- Develop ATL skills with a range of engaging activities.- Support EAL students with content and support that is tailored to their needs.This coursebook has been reviewed by Melanie Wilson, Head of Global Politics at UWC Southeast Asia.Contents list How to use this book The case study approachCore: Understanding power and global politics 1 Understanding power and global politics Thematic Studies 2 Development and sustainability 3 Peace and conflict 4 Rights and justice 5 Engagement activity/Project 6 Assessment OnlineGlossaryeBook Interactive case studiesPearson Edexcel A Level UK Government and Politics Seventh Edition
By Neil McNaughton, Toby Cooper. 2024
Build subject knowledge, develop critical understanding and help students practise the skills they need to succeed in their study of…
UK Government and Politics. This fully updated textbook for Pearson Edexcel A level Politics will help students develop, understand and engage in the latest developments in UK Government and Politics. Written by Neil McNaughton and revised by Toby Cooper, this new edition is specially designed to reflect the Pearson Edexcel specification and let students approach complex topics with confidence.- Comprehensively covers Government of the UK and Politics of the UK- Places recent developments in a historical context throughout to show the influence of political history on current events- Builds subject confidence by highlighting key terms and explaining synoptic links between different topics in the specification - Develops analysis and evaluation skills through debates and practice questions - Provides answer guidance for practice questions online at www.hoddereducation.com/EdexcelUKPolitics7EGlobal Politics for the IB Diploma (For the IB Diploma)
By Ben Fugill, Jane Hirons, Brian Hull. 2024
Developed in cooperation with the International Baccalaureate®Trust an experienced team of IB educators to help develop the key skills needed…
to understand global politics with a range of contemporary case studies, different perspectives on political issues provided throughout and extensive assessment support.- Build analytical skills with engaging content comprising of case studies and pedagogy to write them.- Improve performance with knowledge-checking quizzes at the end of each chapter along with essay writing and exam guidance that includes case studies that can be deployed as examples and evidence for Paper 2 responses.- Build inquiry skills through class discussion questions that foster intercultural understanding, open mindedness and respect.- Integrate Theory of Knowledge into your lessons with TOK links and Inquiries, written by our bestselling TOK author John Sprague, that provide real-world examples, case studies and questions.- Develop ATL skills with a range of engaging activities.- Support EAL students with content and support that is tailored to their needs.This coursebook has been reviewed by Melanie Wilson, Head of Global Politics at UWC Southeast Asia.Contents list How to use this book The case study approachCore: Understanding power and global politics 1 Understanding power and global politics Thematic Studies 2 Development and sustainability 3 Peace and conflict 4 Rights and justice 5 Engagement activity/Project 6 Assessment OnlineGlossaryeBook Interactive case studiesDoes Privilege Prevail?: Litigation in High Courts across the Globe (Constitutionalism and Democracy)
By Stacia L Haynie, Kirk A Randazzo, Reginald S Sheehan. 2024
The first transnational comparative study of legal party capability theory Justice is supposed to be blind. Cynics will say they…
know better. But what do the facts say? This groundbreaking study provides objective, data-driven answers to long-standing questions about winners and losers in courtrooms across the world. Does the party with the greater resources, such as money and influence, always prevail—and if so, why? Does Privilege Prevail? is the first book to evaluate these questions using a multi-country approach and, in doing so, assess what legal professionals and political scientists call party capability theory. Stacia Haynie, Kirk Randazzo, and Reginald Sheehan analyze over fifteen thousand litigation outcomes of the high courts of six countries—Australia, Canada, India, the Philippines, South Africa, and the United Kingdom—from 1970 to 2000. This unprecedented trove of data reveals that while the &“haves&” of society do undoubtedly enjoy certain advantages in the judicial system, a more complex explanation for legal outcomes is required than party capability theory provides—especially when it comes to assessing the role of attorneys and their legal teams or the components of the docket where judges can provide avenues for the &“have nots&” to succeed.Shelter on the Journey: Humanitarianism, Human Rights, and Migration
By Priscilla Solano. 2024
Migration journeys are arduous, with migrants tormented by risk, abuse, threats, and xenophobia. Shelters, staffed by humanitarian workers and volunteers,…
provide safe spaces for those in transit. Shelter on the Journey examines how these sites, often faith-based civil society associations, create solidarity and help politicize migrants, giving them a sense of themselves as an empowered, rights-holding people. Solano, who volunteered at shelters in Mexico, chronicles the activity in three of the nearly 100 shelters along a unique humanitarian trail that many Central Americans take to reach the United States. She outlines the constraints faced by these sites and their potential to create social transformation and considers how and why migration security is currently framed and managed as both a criminal and humanitarian issue. Shelter on the Journey explores the politics of the shelters, their social world, and the dynamics of charity and solidarity, as well as the need for humanitarian assistance and advocacy for dignified and free transit migration.Transformative Artificial Intelligence provides a comprehensive overview of the latest trends, challenges, applications, and opportunities in the field of Artificial…
Intelligence. The book covers the state of the art in AI research, including machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, and robotics, and explores how these technologies are transforming various industries and domains, such as healthcare, finance, education, and entertainment.The book also addresses the challenges that come with the widespread adoption of AI, including ethical concerns, bias, and the impact on jobs and society. It provides insights into how to mitigate these challenges and how to design AI systems that are responsible, transparent, and trustworthy.The book offers a forward-looking perspective on the future of AI, exploring the emerging trends and applications that are likely to shape the next decade of AI innovation. It also provides practical guidance for businesses and individuals on how to leverage the power of AI to create new products, services, and opportunities.Overall, the book is an essential read for anyone who wants to stay ahead of the curve in the rapidly evolving field of Artificial Intelligence and understand the impact that this transformative technology will have on our lives in the coming years.Advancement of Data Processing Methods for Artificial and Computing Intelligence (River Publishers Series in Computing and Information Science and Technology)
By Seema Rawat, V. Ajantha Devi, Praveen Kumar. 2024
This book emphasizes the applications of advances in data processing methods for Artificial Intelligence in today's fast-changing world, as well…
as to serve society through research, innovation, and development in this field. This book is applicable to a wide range of data that contribute to data science concerns and can be used to promote research in this high-potential new field. People's perceptions of the world and how they conduct their lives have changed dramatically as a result of technological advancements. The world has been gripped by technology, and the advances that are being made every day are undeniably transforming the planet. In the domains of Big Data, engineering, and data science, this cutting-edge technology is ready to support us.Artificial intelligence (AI) is a current research topic because it can be applied to a wide range of applications and disciplines to solve complicated problems and find optimal solutions. In research, medicine, technology, and the social sciences, the benefits of AI have already been proven. Data science, also known as pattern analytics and mining, is a technique for extracting useful and relevant information from databases, enabling better decision-making and strategy formulation in a range of fields. As a result of the exponential growth of data in recent years, the combined notions of big data and AI have given rise to many study areas, such as scale-up behaviour from classical algorithms. Furthermore, combining numerous AI technologies from other areas (such as vision, security, control, and biology) in order to build efficient and durable systems that interact in the real world is a new problem. Despite recent improvements in fundamental AI technologies, the integration of these skills into larger, trustworthy, transparent, and maintainable systems is still in its development. Both conceptually and practically, there are a number of unanswered issues.Model-Driven Software Systems Development Using the Meta-Artifact Process
By Wayne O'Brien. 2024
The importance of architecture for software systems is widely accepted, but the role of architecture in the overall development process…
is not so clear. Presenting an architecture-centric process, Model-Driven Software Systems Development Using the Meta-Artifact Process makes the role of architecture clear. At its core, this book is about developing software systems and, more specifically, software code. It describes three major innovations for making software, which are combined with five widely used enabling technologies, to provide a complete, hypothesis-driven software development process known as Meta-Artifact Process (MAP). Having complete requirements is essential for making good software and supports the hypothesis-driven MAP.MAP offers properties, qualities, and capabilities that help stakeholders and developers understand and reason about a domain and target systems of interest. MAP, through the central role of the Meta-Artifact and incorporating the view that a computer program is a hypothesis about the requirements, offers new ways to look at systems and their development, even changing the roles of developers and stakeholders.Recommending agile methods wherever appropriate while supporting the OMG Essence standard and working within an overarching architecture, MAP presents ways to ensure that the requirements are complete and correct. It helps to identify likely points during development to form alternative hypotheses about them. Because MAP requires an underlying software development process, it can provide that clarity to existing processes in which the organization’s developers are already proficient.This book provides concrete examples from two broad but diverse areas—Accounting Information Systems in the commercial area and a military command and control system—to show the wide applicability of MAP in both commercial and defense domains.Against Extraction: Indigenous Modernism in the Twin Cities
By Matt Hooley. 2024
In Against Extraction Matt Hooley traces a modern tradition of Ojibwe invention in Minneapolis and St. Paul from the mid-nineteenth…
century to the present as that tradition emerges in response to the cultural legacies of US colonialism. Hooley shows how Indigenous literary and visual art modernisms challenge the strictures of everyday life and question the ecological, political, and cultural fantasies that make multivalent US colonialism seem inevitable. Hooley analyzes literature and art by Louise Erdrich, William Whipple Warren, David Treuer, George Morrison, and Gerald Vizenor in relation to histories of Indigenous dispossession and occupation, enslavement and Black life, and environmental harm and care. He shows that historical narratives of these cities are intimately bound up with the violence of colonial systems of extraction and that concepts like Indigeneity and sovereignty extend beyond treaty-granted promises of political control. These works, created in opposition and proximity to the extraction of cultural, political, and territorial resources, demonstrate how Indigenous claims to life and land matter to rethinking and unmaking the social and ecological devastations of the colonial world.This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Music, Sound, Art and Design,…
EvoMUSART 2024, held as part of EvoStar 2024, in Aberystwyth, UK, April 3–5, 2024. The 17 full papers and 8 short papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 55 submissions. The main purpose of this conference proceedings was to bring together practitioners who are using Artificial Intelligence techniques for artistic tasks, providing the opportunity to promote, present, and discuss ongoing work in the area.Slow Planning?: Timescapes, Power and Democracy
By Mark Dobson, Gavin Parker. 2024
A deep exploration on how questions of time and its organisation affect planning practice, this book questions ‘project speed’: where…
time to think, deliberate and plan has been squeezed. The authors demonstrate the many benefits of slow planning for the key participants, multiple interests and planning system overall.