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Exosomes Based Drug Delivery Strategies for Brain Disorders
By Neeraj Mishra, Sumel Ashique, Ashish Garg, Vadivalagan Chithravel, Krishnan Anand. 2024
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the role of exosomes in brain diseases, including stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease,…
Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, and depression. It covers the basics of exosome biogenesis, composition, and synthesis, as well as the therapeutic potential of exosomes in brain disorders. The correlation between exosomes and neuroinflammation, the challenges of using exosomes as a novel carrier, and engineered exosomes to deliver therapeutic protein are covered well in this book. Use of radiolabelled exosomes as a diagnostic tool and the toxicity studies of exosomes with potential overcome approaches. It is an essential resource for researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals working in the field of exosome research, especially on its applications in brain disorders.Slow Grows the Child: Psychosocial Aspects of Growth Delay (Psychology Revivals)
By Brian Stabler, Louis E. Underwood. 1986
Originally published in 1986, Slow Grows the Child came out of a symposium held in Washington D.C. in 1984 which…
brought together researchers and practitioners in the field producing recommendations for future research. It was the beginning of an informal network among researchers. In the 1970s and 1980s, the odds that a short-statured person would be socially and emotionally fulfilled were judged by some to be not very good. There was a pervasive belief that equated tallness with strength and shortness with weakness and a lack of social desirability. The recognition that delays in growth could be modified by medical therapies had led to increased awareness of psychological and social effects on short stature children. There had been little consensus about how best to measure the psychological and social adjustment of short individuals. It was hoped this title would advance understanding of the social and psychological experience of growth delay and increase the odds that medical and psychological intervention would produce the most desirable outcome.Full Plate: One meal for the whole family
By Preeya Alexander. 2024
Banish mealtime stress for good with TV chef and Instagram&’s favourite GP, Dr Preeya Alexander. Full Plate is your ultimate…
solution to mealtime mayhem from a practising GP. More than a cookbook, this is your go-to guide for tackling fussy eaters, allergies, and the daily struggle of what to cook. Dr Preeya&’s stress-free, budget-friendly and downright delicious recipes cater to the diverse tastes and dietary needs of every family member. With practical tips steeped in medical science, creative substitutions, and a passion for making every meal a joy, Full Plate is a culinary lifesaver for families seeking harmony, health and happiness around the dinner table. Inside you&’ll find: Recipes where rainbows are the hero Dr Preeya&’s personal quick meals or `sanity savers&’ All dietary needs covered, from vegan and gluten-free to pescatarian and carnivore diets Allergies and intolerances unpacked and explained A focus on infant and child nutrition Vital questions answered, such as when to start solids and when to introduce potential allergy foods. Say goodbye to mealtime dilemmas and hello to a Full Plate of contentment for everyone!Bioactive Compounds in the Storage Organs of Plants (Reference Series in Phytochemistry)
By Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy, Kee Yoeup Paek, So-Young Park. 2024
This book offers a comprehensive and authoritative review of bioactive substances found in plant underground stems, roots, rhizomes, corms, and…
tubers from all around the world. Tubers and starchy roots are plants that store edible starch content in underground stems, roots, rhizomes, corms, and tubers. They are a key source for both human and animal consumption and are rich in carbohydrates. They are widely used as industrial crops as well. Phytochemicals found in tubers and roots, such as phenolics, terpenoids, and alkaloids, have anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, and antibacterial properties. Except for common potatoes, sweet potatoes, and cassava, the nutritional and health benefits of many tuberous crops have not yet been adequately investigated. This book sheds new insights into these topics by addressing several plant metabolites found in storage organs, which can be seen as scientifically neglected even though they have a high economic relevance as food and pharmaceutical sources. Divided into 6 parts, this book discusses how bioactive chemicals found in plant storage organs are synthesized and how their bioactive principles are specifically expressed in underground stems, roots, rhizomes, corms, and tubers. Additionally, each chapter includes background information on the plant, its parts, its nutritional makeup, chemical components, and biological functions. Given its breadth, the book appeals to a wide readership, from scholars through graduate and post-graduate students to professionals in the industry.This book aims to formulate recommendations for achieving a healthy neighborhood living environment for the middle-income people in China‘s suburbs.…
In China, the expeditious urbanization triggers the prosperous commodity housing development, which further grows with the spatial restructuring and socioeconomic transition. Residential suburbanization is generated, accompanied with the emergence of new-middle class and the change of lifestyle. However, the health effects of suburbanization in China are overlooked. This book investigates the health performance of suburban residents and the effects of suburban living on residents‘ health. This book also examines the resident-environment transaction modes to unfold the underlying mechanism of suburban living affecting residents’ health. Suburban residents had to passively adapt to their residential environment, which is the obstacle for achieving a health-promoting environment. The institutional dynamics determining the health performance of suburban living environment were addressed with the roles of governments, developers, planners, housing managers, residents‘ committee, and ordinary residents in commodity housing development. The book found no institutional support for the creation of health-promoting environments, especially with default of governments and excessive dependence on developers for public service facilities and the absence of civil society. Thus, the book proposes that institutional innovations are necessary in term of embedding the health dimension in all sectors of the society, enlisting collaboration between public and private sectors, and between health and non-health sectors, and thus cultivating the optimization of residents-environment transactions to create health-promoting environments.Smart and Healthy Walking: Toward Better Health and Life in Smart Cities (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
By Tin-Chih Toly Chen, Yun-Ju Lee. 2024
This book examines smart technologies and their invaluable role in augmenting the walking experience of mobile users. From meticulously planned…
walking routes to precise footprint detection and analysis, as well as cutting-edge fall detection and prevention mechanisms, these intelligent technologies have the potential to revolutionize healthy and smart walking. Against the backdrop of the post-COVID-19 era, where unrestricted mobility has become pivotal for restoring normalcy, the demand for smart healthcare solutions has soared. The book explores latest advances in sensor technology, cloud computing, deep learning, and networking and related innovative applications that can leverage smart technologies to enhance healthy walking.Dieses essential klärt darüber auf, wie von der Parkinson-Krankheit Betroffene bereits vor der klinischen Diagnose, in der Prodromalphase, identifiziert werden können und…
welche ethischen Aspekte dabei zu beachten sind. Bereits vor Manifestation der typischen motorischen Kardinalsymptome breitet sich die α-Synucleinopathie schon einige Jahre im Körper aus und eine Reihe von Symptomen kann auftreten, insbesondere die isolierte REM-Schlaf-Verhaltensstörung. Das Buch für Neurologen in Weiterbildung, Klinik und Praxis beschreibt die jüngsten Fortschritte insbesondere auf dem Gebiet der Biomarker und zeigt die besondere Relevanz eines frühzeitigen individuellen symptomatischen Therapieangebots sowie die Bedeutung präventiver nicht-medikamentöser Maßnahmen auf.From one of the world’s top virologists, the definitive guide to understanding—and navigating—COVID-19. Three years on, COVID is clearly here…
to stay. So what do we do now? Drawing on his expertise as one of the world’s top virologists, Dr. Paul Offit helps weary readers address that crucial question in this brief, definitive guide. As a member of the FDA Vaccine Advisory Committee and a former member of the Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices to the CDC, Offit has been in the room for the creation of policies that have affected hundreds of millions of people.In these pages, he marshals the power of hindsight to offer a fascinating frontline look at where we were, where we are, and where we’re heading in the now-permanent fight against the disease. Accompanied by a companion website populated with breaking news and relevant commentary, this book contains everything you need to know to navigate COVID going forward. Offit addresses fundamental issues like boosters, immunity induced by natural infection, and what it means to be fully vaccinated. He explores the dueling origin stories of the disease, tracing today’s strident anti-vax rhetoric to twelve online sources and tracking the fallout. He breaks down long COVID—what it is, and what the known treatments are. And he looks to the future, revealing whether we can make a better vaccine, whether it should be mandated, and providing a crucial list of fourteen takeaways to eradicate further spread. Filled with pragmatic analysis and sensible advice, TELL ME WHEN IT’S OVER is for anyone interested in finding new solutions to the new normal.Marriage And Family Therapy: A Practice-oriented Approach
By Linda Metcalf. 2024
Learn how to take different models of therapy from theory to real world practice Delivering proven therapeutic strategies that can…
be used immediately by students of marital and family therapy, this text brings 15 modern and postmodern therapy models to life through guiding templates and interviews with master therapists. The text progresses step-by-step through marriage and family essentials, describing in detail the systemic mindset and basic terminology used by the marriage and family therapist. Interviews with such master therapists as Albert Ellis, David V. Keith, and Mariana Martinez―who each provide commentary on a single case study―give readers the opportunity to observe different models in action, clarifying theory and practice simultaneously. Instructive templates for each model illuminate the nuts and bolts of the therapy process and help instructors bring content to life, so students can visualize and practice the process. The updated third edition presents new interviews with master therapists, a new case study that reflects the modern-day client, and a section on social justice in each chapter. Also featured in the third edition are links to valuable new websites, recommended reading for in-depth study of each model, and an updated Instructor Manual, Test Bank, and Instructor Chapter PowerPoints. Audio and Video content are also available for chapters focusing on therapy models to dive deeper into practical application, interviews, and role play. Purchase includes online access via most mobile devices or computers. New to the Third Edition: New chapters on social justice, teletherapy practices, marriage and family therapy in times of crisis including COVID-19, and the advantages of an accredited program New interviews with master therapists who are evolving the systemic mindset, including an updated case study that reflects the contemporary client A section on social justice for each therapy model Audio and video content with interviews, discussions, and role play to enhance learning Key Features: Provides a guiding template for each model from assessment through termination Introduces the theory, history, theoretical assumptions, techniques, and components of each paradigm Delivers numerous interviews, case study commentaries, and analyses by prominent master therapists Provides theory and practice on supervision, research, ethics, and self-care of the therapistIntroduction To Internal Family Systems
By Richard C. Schwartz. 2023
A highly accessible introduction to a therapeutic approach that brings our inner “parts” into harmony and allows our core Self…
to lead We’re all familiar with self-talk, self-doubt, and self-judgment―yet most of us still view ourselves as if we have one uniform mind. Dr. Richard Schwartz’s breakthrough was recognizing that we each contain an “internal family” of distinct parts―and that treating these parts with curiosity, respect, and empathy vastly expands our capacity to heal. Over the past two decades, Internal Family Systems (IFS) has transformed the practice of psychotherapy. With Introduction to Internal Family Systems, the creator of IFS presents the ideal layperson’s guide for understanding this empowering, effective, and non-pathologizing approach to self-discovery and healing. Here, Dr. Schwartz shares evidence, case studies, and self-care tools to help you: - Shift from the limiting “mono-mind” paradigm into an appreciation of your marvelous, multidimensional nature - Unburden your wounded parts from extreme beliefs, emotions, and addictions - Demystify the most commonly misunderstood parts―the Exiles, Managers, and Firefighters - Transform your most challenging parts from inner obstacles to invaluable allies - Embrace the existence of innate human goodness―in yourself and others - Connect with the true Self that is greater than the sum of your parts “The most wonderful discovery I have made is that as you do this work, you release, or liberate, what I call your Self or your True Self―the calm, compassionate essence of who you are,” says Dr. Schwartz. “When the Self becomes the leading intelligence in our lives, we create more harmony―both within ourselves and in our external lives.” For therapists, their clients, and anyone interested in understanding and healing themselves, here is an essential guide to a revolutionary approach to self-realization, mental wellness, and transformation.Viral Times: Reflections on the COVID-19 and HIV Pandemics (Sexuality, Culture and Health)
By Jaime García-Iglesias, Maurice Nagington, Peter Aggleton. 2024
This book explores the relationship between COVID-19 and AIDS. It considers both how the earlier HIV pandemic informed our engagement…
with COVID-19, as well as the ways in which COVID-19 has changed how we remember and experience AIDS.Individual sections focus on sexual and intimate relationships, inequalities and injustice, the progressive biomedicalisation of the response (in the absence of a vaccine or effective treatment or cure), and professional, practitioner and community perspectives on the pandemics. The authors come from a wide variety of backgrounds – including public health, nursing, law and legal studies, political studies, and the humanities and social sciences. The book contains contributions by established writers such as Dennis Altman, Shalini Bharat, Tim Dean, Deborah Lupton, Shubhada Maitra, Pauline Oosterhoff and Michael Tan, as well as chapters by Chris Ashford and Gareth Longstaff, Bernard Kelly, Dean Murphy and Kiran Pienaar, and Theodore (ted) Kerr.This thought-provoking and timely volume includes case studies from Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, Germany, India, Indonesia, the Philippines, the UK, the USA and Vietnam. It has been written for students and scholars from a wide range of disciplinary backgrounds, including sociology, healthcare, public health, social work, anthropology, and gender and sexuality studies. The book will also be of interest to the general reader who wants a better understanding of the social and cultural dimensions of modern-day pandemics and the personal and community responses to which they give rise.Passing the Final FFICM: High-Yield Facts for the MCQ & OSCE Exams (ISSN)
By Muzzammil Ali. 2024
This innovative resource serves as a fusion of an MCQ guide and a textbook, providing essential content for postgraduate trainees…
gearing up for the FFICM Final exam, a vital part of the CCT in Intensive Care Medicine.Crafted to meet the unique requirements of the MCQ while also addressing the necessity for concise, well-structured responses in the OSCE, this book prioritises quick topic transitions, delivering focused, streamlined learning across a range of ICM topics. Its uniqueness lies in its unorthodox structure; rather than having a conventional table of contents, it gives you the freedom to start your learning adventure from any page.Each of the 1,400 facts is structured as a question, reflecting the format of both exams. Answers are conveniently positioned just below, eliminating the need for constant page-flipping. The material is carefully curated to cover the breadth of the ICM curriculum, weaving in valuable insights from the author's and colleagues' exam experiences. Random questions replicate the unpredictability of both exams and enhance the reader’s capacity to swiftly switch between topics during self-assessment. This balances knowledge application and active recall while using memory-enhancing methods like self-quizzing, chunking, and spaced repetition.Gynaecology by Ten Teachers
By Emma J Crosbie, Louise C Kenny. 2024
First published in 1919 as 'Diseases of Women', Gynaecology by Ten Teachers is well established as a concise, yet comprehensive,…
guide within its field. The 21st Edition has been thoroughly updated by its latest team of 'teachers', integrating clinical material with the latest scientific developments that underpin patient care. Each chapter is highly structured, with learning objectives, definitions, aetiology, clinical features, investigations, treatments and key point summaries and additional reading where appropriate. A key theme for this edition is 'professionalism' and information specific to this is threaded throughout the text. KEY FEATURES Fully revised – content is entirely refreshed and up to date for this 21st Edition, including the latest imaging and reproductive technologies and current guidelines for best practices Highly illustrated – text supported and enhanced throughout by high-quality colour line diagrams and photographs Clear and accessible – numerous features supplement the narrative text and provide useful queues for revision Illustrative case histories – engage the reader with realistic scenarios that bring obstetric practice to life Digital support material – download and personalise the ebook for fully flexible access and visit [www.routledge.com/cw/mccarthy] for additional resources including questions for self-assessment, video and patient interviews Along with its companion Obstetrics by Ten Teachers, 21st Edition, the books continue to provide an accessible 'one stop shop' in gynaecology and obstetrics and for a new generation of doctors.The editors:Emma J Crosbie is Professor of Gynaecological Oncology in the Division of Cancer Sciences at the University of Manchester and Consultant, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.Louise C Kenny is Professor and Executive Pro-Vice Chancellor of the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences at the University of Liverpool, UK.Cloacal Malformations: Case Studies (Pediatric Colorectal Surgery)
By Marc A. Levitt. 2024
Within the field of pediatric colorectal and pelvic reconstruction, the most complex anatomic problem a pediatric surgeon can face is…
that of a cloacal malformation. The urinary tract, gynecologic system, and distal bowel all fuse into a single common channel which must be surgically reconstructed. The care of patients with a cloaca is daunting, and the spectrum of anatomic variations very wide. In this book about cloaca, the authors have brought organization to the complex, providing basic principles of care, from fetal and newborn management to the reconstruction of bowel, gynecologic systems, and urinary tracts as well as the care of patients after surgery to puberty and beyond.This is a comprehensive account of all elements of care for the cloaca patient. It includes preoperative evaluation and surgical planning, the anorectal malformation (ARM) index, surgical reconstruction, urological evaluation and long-term care. Also covered are the gynecologic evaluation and intervention, neurological implications, bowel management and the long-term management of patients with cloacal malformations. Case studies provide valuable insights into a wide range of clinical scenarios, never previously categorized so comprehensively. These studies enable the reader to understand and gain experience from detailed descriptions. Fully illustrated, in color, and with further resources available online, this is a unique resource for all clinicians within the pediatric team caring for patients with cloacal malformations.In addition, specialists across numerous fields, including colorectal surgery, urology, gynecology, and gastrointestinal motility, as well as neonatology, orthopedics, neurosurgery, anesthesia, radiology, psychology, social work, nutrition, and nursing, will find this practical clinical text and its online resources to be an invaluable when dealing with the complex needs of the cloaca patient.Obstetrics by Ten Teachers
By Louise C Kenny, Fergus McCarthy. 2024
First published in 1917 as 'Midwifery', Obstetrics by Ten Teachers is well established as a concise, yet comprehensive, guide within…
its field. The 21st Edition has been thoroughly updated by its latest team of 'teachers', integrating clinical material with the latest scientific developments that underpin patient care.Each chapter is highly structured, with learning objectives, definitions, aetiology, clinical features, investigations, treatments and key point summaries and additional reading where appropriate. A key theme for this edition is 'professionalism' and information specific to this is threaded throughout the text.KEY FEATURES* Fully revised – content is entirely refreshed and up to date for this twentieth edition, including the latest imaging and reproductive technologies and current guidelines for best practice Highly illustrated – text supported and enhanced throughout by high-quality colour line diagrams and photographs Clear and accessible – numerous features supplement the narrative text and provide useful queues for revision Illustrative case histories – engage the reader with realistic scenarios that bring obstetric practice to life Digital support material – download and personalise the ebook for fully-flexible access and visit [www.routledge.com/cw/mccarthy] for additional resources including questions for self-assessment, video and patient interviews Along with its companion Gynaecology by Ten Teachers, 21st Edition, the books continue to provide an accessible 'one stop shop' in obstetrics and gynaecology for a new generation of doctors.The editors:Louise C Kenny is Professor and Executive Pro-Vice Chancellor of the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences at the University of Liverpool, UK.Fergus McCarthy is Senior Lecturer, University College Cork and Consultant Obstetrician & Gynaecologist and Maternal Fetal Medicine Subspecialist, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland.Sickle Cell Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: Biomedical Perspectives
By Baba Inusa, Kanayo Nwankwo, Nkechikwu Azinge-Egbiri, Bukola Bolarinwa. 2024
This important collection provides an epidemiological perspective on the continuing scope of sickle cell disease (SCD) in sub-Saharan Africa, alongside…
the clinical attempts to provide comprehensive care in a resource-limited setting.The book moves from a clinical profile of SCD to screening for the disease and ongoing patient care. There are chapters on pain management, organ failure, infections and transfusions, as well as nutrition and neurocognitive complications. The book concludes with chapters on anti-sickness medication, cell transplantation and nursing care.The first in a two-volume set offering a multi-disciplinary perspective on SCD, this is a comprehensive resource that applies clinical knowledge to the practical challenges faced in sub-Saharan Africa. It will be important reading for medical students taking courses in haematology as well as those studying Public Health in sub-Saharan Africa. Practitioners in the region will also find it invaluable in developing their understanding of this pervasive disease.The New Menopause: Navigating Your Path Through Hormonal Change with Purpose, Power, and Facts
By Mary Claire Haver. 2024
Filling a gaping hole in menopause care, everything a woman needs to know to thrive during her hormonal transition and…
beyond, as well as the tools to help her take charge of her health at this pivotal life stage—by the bestselling author of The Galveston Diet.Menopause is inevitable, but suffering through it is not! This is the empowering approach to self-advocacy that pioneering women&’s health advocate Dr. Mary Claire Haver takes for women in the midst of hormonal change in The New Menopause. A comprehensive, authoritative book of science-backed information and lived experience, it covers every woman's needs: From changes in your appearance and sleep patterns to neurological, musculoskeletal, psychological, and sexual issues, a comprehensive A to Z toolkit of science-backed options for coping with symptoms.What to do to mediate the risks associated with your body's natural drop in estrogen production, including for diabetes, dementia, Alzheimer&’s, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, and weight gain.How to advocate and prepare for annual midlife wellness visits, including questions for your doctor and how to insist on whole life care.The very latest research on the benefits and side effects of hormone replacement therapy.Arming women with the power to secure vibrant health and well-being for the rest of their lives, The New Menopause is sure to become the bible of midlife wellness for present and future generations.Anamnese en gespreksvoering
By T.O.H. de Jongh, N. Th. van den Broek, J.A. de Wilde, J. Damen†, R. Franssen, A. Kaemingk, A. J. Kooter, G.J.M. Roodbol. 2024
Een zorgvuldige anamnese blijft de grondslag van de medische diagnostiek. Tijdens het afnemen van een anamnese moet je je bewust…
zijn van de aard en het doel van het vraagproces. Met Anamnese en gespreksvoering leer je hoe je een gestructureerde anamnese afneemt op basis van het Calgary-Cambridge model, en hoe je effectieve gesprekken voert met patiënten. Naast het medisch diagnostisch spoor speelt ook het patiëntenperspectief een belangrijke rol. Wat wil jouw patiënt met het gesprek bereiken, hoe ervaart hij zijn klachten? Anamnese en gespreksvoering komt voort uit het Leerboek anamnese en is volledig herzien en uitgebreid.Ook verschillende anamnesevormen zoals klachtgerichte anamnese, hypothesegestuurde anamnese en tractusanamnese worden besproken.Voor de bruikbaarheid in de praktijk worden hierbij veel voorbeelden van anamnesevragen gegeven met de betekenis van de mogelijke antwoorden. Ook lees je achtergrondinformatieover de patiënt, dearts en hun behandelrelatie, gespreksvaardigheden en verschillende consultmodellen. Tot slot is in deze herziening veel aandacht voor andere vormen van gespreksvoering zoals gezondheidsgerichte gesprekken, motiverende gespreksvoering en informerende gesprekken.Bij dit boek hoort een website. Hierop staan behalve de inhoud van dit boek ook een aantal videoconsulten, met voorbeelden van anamnese afnemen en enkele gespreksfragmenten in de praktijk. Anamnese en gespreksvoering is een praktische en onmisbare gids voor medische studenten, verpleegkundig specialisten en physician assistants in opleiding die een goede, patiëntgerichte, diagnostische anamnese willen afnemen en hun gespreksvoering willen verbeteren. Ook artsen en andere medische hulpverleners kunnen met dit boek hun anamnesevaardigheid en gespreksvoering verbeteren.Nach einer Operation oder einem Gewebstrauma kann es passieren, dass sich wulstige oder auch atrophe Narben bilden. Weiterhin kann es…
zu starken Verklebungen und Verwachsungen in der Tiefe kommen, unabhängig von der Körperregion. Dies kann wiederum zu unterschiedlichen Beschwerden bei den Patienten führen. Auf Grundlage langjähriger Erfahrung erläutert die Autorin wichtige Behandlungsoptionen wie das Schröpfen, Flossing, den Narbenstab oder die Nadelreizmatte und erklärt diese schrittweise in der praktischen Umsetzung. Weiterhin werden verschiedene thermische Anwendungen besprochen sowie ausgewählte Narbenöle in ihrer Anwendung detailliert dargestellt.Sickle Cell Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: Public Health Perspectives
By Baba Inusa, Kanayo Nwankwo, Nkechikwu Azinge-Egbiri, Bukola Bolarinwa. 2024
This fascinating collection examines the socio-economic factors that impact the well-being of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) in Sub-Saharan…
Africa and the critical importance of patient advocacy in the region.The book looks at a number of key issues, including the social determinants that influence the spread of the disease, the quality of life of children with SCD, the impact of stigma and the broader psychosocial burden of such a prevalent condition. There are also chapters on policy and Public Health management, including collaborations with non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and global partners.The second in a two-volume set offering a multi-disciplinary perspective on SCD, this insightful collection highlights many of the hidden issues faced across the region. It will be important reading for students of both Public Health and Medicine, as well as practitioners working for governments or NGOs.