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This book explores the ethical problems of algorithmic bias and its potential impact on populations that experience health disparities by…
examining the historical underpinnings of explicit and implicit bias, the influence of the social determinants of health, and the inclusion of racial and ethnic minorities in data. Over the last twenty-five years, the diagnosis and treatment of disease have advanced at breakneck speeds. Currently, we have technologies that have revolutionized the practice of medicine, such as telemedicine, precision medicine, big data, and AI. These technologies, especially AI, promise to improve the quality of patient care, lower health care costs, improve patient treatment outcomes, and decrease patient mortality. AI may also be a tool that reduces health disparities; however, algorithmic bias may impede its success. This book explores the risks of using AI in the context of health disparities. It is of interest to health services researchers, ethicists, policy analysts, social scientists, health disparities researchers, and AI policy makers.Against Post-Liberal Courts and Justice: Rescuing Ronald Dworkin’s Legacy (Palgrave Studies in Classical Liberalism)
By Lesley A. Jacobs, Matthew McManus. 2023
This book covers how Liberal institutions – constitutional democracy, economic markets, liberal courts, free trade, international human rights – around…
the world are under assault by the political right and we are witnessing the emergence of post-liberal institutions. These post-liberal institutions are founded on the core conviction that the actions of liberal institutions including the United States Supreme Court are patently unjust. This volume makes the case against post-liberal courts and justice by reconnecting to the principles of moral equality and dignified freedom for all. The intention is to show how there is great untapped potential in the work of Ronald Dworkin’s work to demonstrate that it can help progressive liberals think through the great issues of the day and respond to the contemporary criticisms of the political right. The core themes are concretely illustrated by focusing on some of the most controversial recent post-liberal decisions of the Supreme Court, ranging from election funding to abortion to race-sensitive affirmative action, to economic inequality in an age of increasingly unequal opportunities.This book is about the crises of the world economy that have occurred from the 1970s to the present day.…
It makes the specific case that the global economy has experienced six crises during this 50-year period. Crises of the global economy are periods of substantial slowdown in world economic activity—as measured by investment, industrial production, trade, or unemployment—in which many national economies are technically in recession. To pose the existence of crises of the global economy implies that the world economy is a real entity with its own dynamics; it implies also that the usual approach that views national economies as the appropriate units of economic analysis has major limitations. The author provides data illustrating the global and regional manifestations of these crises of the world economy, elaborates on the concepts of world economy and economic crisis, and discusses the theories that have been used to explain them. The book shows how these recurrent global crises are discrete, countable phenomena, distinct states of an entity that can be appropriately referred to as the world or global economy, or world capitalism.Arab-Israel Normalisation of Ties: Global Perspectives
By Najimdeen Bakare. 2024
This book focuses on rapprochement and normalisation between Israel and some Arab countries within the context of global and regional…
geopolitics, bringing together broader perspectives on transformations resulting from this. The analysis is rooted in a historical and cultural construction of the region as an Islamic sphere viewing Israel as a perpetuation of the Western colonial project in the region. It analyses how this normalisation must not be treated as a novel phenomenon, but as a reconstruction of the past and continuity in tradition geared at regional stability, signifying a wider shift in the structure of the global international system. The first section addresses the international perspectives of the changing dynamics through the lens of US domestic politics, disengagement plans, China’s increasing understanding of the geopolitics of the Abrahamic world. It equally pays enough attention to the attendant implications of this normalisation. The second section of the book explores the reflections of regional (state and non-state) actors, such as Turkey, Iran, Syria, Pakistan, and Hezbollah, and the catalysing effects of this normalisation within and beyond the region. The book is a rich resource for scholars of regional and international relations, in particular Middle East studies. It provides useful reading material for both undergraduate and graduate students of Political Science, think tanks, diplomats, and IR experts and policy analysts, who are desirous of having rich theoretical and empirical underpinnings of unfolding realities in the larger Middle East.The Coup: 1953, the CIA, and the Roots of Modern U.S.-Iranian Relations
By Ervand Abrahamian. 2013
An &“absorbing&” account of the CIA&’s 1953 coup in Iran—essential reading for anyone concerned about Iran&’s role in the world…
today (Harper&’s Magazine). In August 1953, the Central Intelligence Agency orchestrated the swift overthrow of Iran&’s democratically elected leader and installed Muhammad Reza Shah Pahlavi in his place. When the 1979 Iranian Revolution deposed the shah and replaced his puppet government with a radical Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the shift reverberated throughout the Middle East and the world, casting a long, dark shadow over United States-Iran relations that extends to the present day. In this authoritative new history of the coup and its aftermath, noted Iran scholar Ervand Abrahamian uncovers little-known documents that challenge conventional interpretations and sheds new light on how the American role in the coup influenced diplomatic relations between the two countries, past and present. Drawing from the hitherto closed archives of British Petroleum, the Foreign Office, and the US State Department, as well as from Iranian memoirs and published interviews, Abrahamian&’s riveting account of this key historical event will change America&’s understanding of a crucial turning point in modern United States-Iranian relations. A Choice Outstanding Academic Title &“Not only is this book important because of its presentation of history. It is also important because it might be predicting the future.&” —Counterpunch &“Subtle, lucid, and well-proportioned.&” —The Spectator &“A valuable corrective to previous work and an important contribution to Iranian history.&” —American Historical ReviewOut of Character: Debating Dutchness, Narrating Citizenship (Cultural Sociology)
By Rogier Van Reekum. 2023
This book offers a detailed and innovative study of the Dutch case of politics of citizenship and nationalism by focusing…
on public and political controversies in the crucial period of 1973–2015. By foregrounding the crucial role of performance and narration in public and political debates, this book shows how discourses of citizenship and nationhood are deeply shaped by established repertoires and long-lasting lines of disagreement about difference and belonging in the Netherlands. While change did occur within the Dutch context during this period, this book reveals that these transformations were not primarily driven by purportedly permissive and accommodating responses to immigration and cultural diversity. Instead, it unveils a Dutch landscape deeply marked by challenges related to race, democracy, and liberal exceptionalism. In doing so, the book contributes to ongoing debates in the study of citizenship, nationalism, and intellectual history around the merits and limitations of liberal politics of inclusion. It critically extends concepts and arguments in cultural pragmatics and problematizes the common hope that public debate may progressively resolve antagonisms over difference. With a focus on empirical research, the book meticulously reconstructs the emergence of national identity debates in recent decades and vividly portrays the dynamics and tensions of these public performances while dissecting their role in shaping the nation's identity and its boundaries. The book covers a crucial period of the European politics of citizenship and nationhood in which anti-immigrant politics, new modes of racism, and the bordering of Europe took shape. It locates the Dutch case within these developments and insists on the importance of historical continuity and narrative performance. This book demonstrates that the Netherlands, and Europe more broadly, has not overcome the profound consequences of its past.Remembering Mass Atrocities: Perspectives on Memory Struggles and Cultural Representations in Africa (Palgrave Macmillan Memory Studies)
By Mphathisi Ndlovu, Lungile Augustine Tshuma, Shepherd Mpofu. 2024
This book explores how popular cultural artifacts, literary texts, commemorative practices and other forms of remembrances are used to convey,…
transmit and contest memories of mass atrocities in the Global South. Some of these historical atrocities took place during the Cold war. As such, this book unpacks the influence or role of the global powers in conflict in the Global South. Contributors are grappling with a number of issues such as the politics of memorialization, memory conflicts, exhumations, reburials, historical dialogue, peacebuilding and social healing, memory activism, visual representation, transgenerational transmission of memories, and identity politics.The Rise and Fall of the Oil Nation Venezuela
By Carlos A. Rossi. 2023
This book explains why Venezuela is so rich in natural resources—it has been producing oil since 1922 and harbors the…
largest oil reserves in the world—and yet it is also a failed nation of class-divided citizens exhibiting deep poverty in a corrupt, incompetent state. Venezuela is a bipolar nation, where two marked poles in the society exist which have historical origins and are mutually exclusive.The book provides a critical analysis of Venezuela's history, economy and politics and explains the context and implications of the bipolar poles, known as the elite pole and the resentful pole. Both, it shows, have done serious harm to Venezuela’s prosperity.The author describes the vicious circle of oil wealth, corruption, inefficiency and world market dependency and gives recommendations for a better future.Defending French in Flanders, 1873–1974: Between Liberty and Identity
By David J. Hensley. 2023
This book examines the efforts of the French-speaking minority in Flanders, Belgium, to maintain a legal and social presence of…
the French language in Flemish public life. Chronologically, the study is bookended by two developments, almost exactly a century apart. In 1873, the first laws were passed which required the use of Dutch in some aspects of public administration in Flanders, challenging the de facto use of French among the Flemish ruling class. One hundred and one years later, the last French daily newspaper in Flanders collapsed, marking the end of a once-vibrant French-language public sphere in Flanders. The author contends that the methods and arguments by which French speakers defended the role of French in Flemish public life changed along with the social and political situation of this minority. As the Flemish movement grew over the course of the twentieth century, French speakers’ appeals to the “free choice” of language lost traction, and they put forward claims that they represented an ethnolinguistic minority who deserved protection for their mother tongue. Providing new insights for scholars of European history, and in conversation with the literature on liberalism, national identity, and Francophonie, this book demonstrates how the debate over the role of French in Flanders was at the center of Belgium’s ethnolinguistic conflict – the repercussions of which continue to be felt to this day.This book provides an invaluable overview of neoliberalising trends in urban policies and governance by presenting novel perspectives on municipal…
entrepreneurship support policies. It seeks to address a current lack of in-depth empirical knowledge of this topic and the reference literature’s silence on local actors agency. The book ’s scholarly debate around the impact of neoliberal capitalism on cities interweaves with empirical observations in the European cities of Barcelona and Milan with a view to examining what lies behind the “start-up city” label, and the way local actors reproduce, contest and re-signify entrepreneurship policies and practices in a highly individualised context. Based on more than sixty interviews with key policy actors, including young beneficiaries, it sheds light on their representations, motivations, intentions and room for manoeuvre in a way that encompasses local specificities in which multi-scalar economic, social, institutional and cultural processes interact. Finally, this book offers new insights into critical entrepreneurship studies and current debates about convergence and divergence trends in urban policies and governance.Dieses Buch analysiert die Entwicklung der deutschen Territorialstaaten im neunzehnten Jahrhundert durch das Prisma von fünf Mittelstaaten: Bayern, Sachsen, Hannover,…
Württemberg und Baden. Sie stellt die Frage, wie ein Staat zu einem Ort wird, und argumentiert, dass es sich dabei um einen umstrittenen und vielschichtigen Prozess handelt, einen langsamen und ungleichmäßigen Fortschritt. Die Studie nähert sich dieser Frage aus einem neuen und entscheidenden Blickwinkel, nämlich dem der Räumlichkeit und der öffentlichen Mobilität. Die behandelten Themen reichen von der Geografie des Staatsapparats über die Ästhetik der deutschen Kartografie bis hin zu den Bewegungsabläufen der Öffentlichkeit. Das Buch stellt die Annahme in Frage, dass territoriale Abgrenzung in erster Linie eine Angelegenheit von Politik und Diplomatie ist, und zeigt, dass politische Territorien durch alltägliche Praktiken und Vorstellungen konstruiert werden.Big Data, Emerging Technologies and Intelligence: National Security Disrupted (Studies in Intelligence)
By Miah Hammond-Errey. 2024
This book sets out the big data landscape, comprising data abundance, digital connectivity and ubiquitous technology, and shows how the…
big data landscape and the emerging technologies it fuels are impacting national security. This book illustrates that big data is transforming intelligence production as well as changing the national security environment broadly, including what is considered a part of national security as well as the relationships agencies have with the public. The book highlights the impact of big data on intelligence production and national security from the perspective of Australian national security leaders and practitioners, and the research is based on empirical data collection, with insights from nearly 50 participants from within Australia’s National Intelligence Community. It argues that big data is transforming intelligence and national security and shows that the impacts of big data on the knowledge, activities and organisation of intelligence agencies is challenging some foundational intelligence principles, including the distinction between foreign and domestic intelligence collection. Furthermore, the book argues that big data has created emerging threats to national security; for example, it enables invasive targeting and surveillance, drives information warfare as well as social and political interference, and challenges the existing models of harm assessment used in national security. The book maps broad areas of change for intelligence agencies in the national security context and what they mean for intelligence communities, and explores how intelligence agencies look out to the rest of society, considering specific impacts relating to privacy, ethics and trust. This book will be of much interest to students of intelligence studies, technology studies, national security and International Relations.Music, Words, and Nationalism: National Anthems and Songs in the Modern Era (Palgrave Studies in Music and Literature)
By Javier Moreno-Luzón, María Nagore-Ferrer. 2024
Music, Words and Nationalism: National Anthems and Songs in the Modern Era considers the concept of nationalism from 1780 to 2020…
through anthems and national songs as symbolic and representative elements of the national identity of individuals, peoples, or collectivities. The volume shows that both the words and music of these works reveal a great deal about the defining features of a nation, its political and cultural history, and its self-perception. The book takes an interdisciplinary approach that provides a better understanding of the role of national anthems and songs in the expression of national identities and nationalistic goals. From this perspective, the relationship between hymns and political contexts, their own symbolic content (both literary and musical) and the role of specific hymns in the construction of national sentiments are surveyed.Politics in East Asia: Explaining Change and Continuity
By Timothy C. Lim. 2014
This systematic, innovative introduction to the dynamic politics and political economies of China, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan…
teaches students how to think analytically, critically, and independently about the most significant developments in the region. The text offers in-depth coverage of the unique experiences of each country, all within the framework of an explicit comparative perspective. Throughout, the five countries are contrasted with one another to maximize opportunities for learning. Covering the intertwined issues of politics, economics, and culture, this is a book that is ideally suited for assignment in any social science course on East Asia.Shaping the Political Arena: Critical Junctures, the Labor Movement, and Regime Dynamics in Latin America (Kellogg Institute Series on Democracy and Development)
By Ruth Berins Collier, David Collier, Guillermo. O'Donnell. 2002
Ruth Berins Collier and David Collier are political scientists who use comparative historical research to discover and evaluate patterns and…
sources of political change. Their work is an overall analysis of Chile, Brazil, Uruguay, Colombia, Argentina, Peru, Venezuela, and Mexico, plus case studies of four distinct pairs in that group: Chile/Brazil, Uruguay/Colombia, Argentina/Peru, and Venezuela/Mexico. In addition, the Colliers meticulously describe and discuss their methods for the study including the limitations of their approach. The authors specifically focus on why and how organized labor movements in the first half of the twentieth century were incorporated into the political process in the eight Latin American countries they study. They analyze the role played by political parties, central government control, worker mobilization, and conflict between radical vs. centrist political philosophies and activities.Taking Down Trump: 12 Rules for Prosecuting Donald Trump by Someone Who Did It Successfully
By Tristan Snell. 2023
"An indispensable must-read. This is THE book to read to understand what&’s going on in the cases against Trump.&” —…
Joy Reid, MSNBC News anchor and host of The ReidOut A former prosecutor provides an essential guide to ensuring that Donald Trump, and other oligarchs of his ilk, no longer beat the rap, and face serious jail time for their crimes . . . For a half century Donald Trump has evaded justice. Now he finally faces trials for his lies, cons, and misdeeds—but many fear Trump will never face any real consequences. Is our system so broken that some people are now above the law? In Taking Down Trump, Tristan Snell—a former assistant attorney general for New York State who took on and beat Trump in a court of law—argues that Donald Trump can indeed be defeated, and shares his secrets for how to beat him. Snell led New York State&’s prosecution of Donald Trump for defrauding hundreds of Trump University students, resulting in Trump having to shell out $25 million to his victims —Trump&’s first and only major legal loss to date. Snell lays out 12 key rules for how to beat Trump—including:How voters and activists hold prosecutors accountableHow to stand up to Trump&’s public bullyingHow to persevere against all the stonewalling and counterattacksHow to get key figures to cooperate and cough up critical evidence Along the way, Snell discusses his own experience prosecuting Trump, and observes how prosecutors in the various cases against Trump are exploiting such rules—or not—as well as how Trump&’s revolving team of lawyers can be expected to behave, or, more accurately, perform. Whether you&’re a concerned citizen, a lawyer or prosecutor, or an activist or advocate, Snell shows how America&’s systems can still work to bring even the richest and most powerful to justice, and why those systems are worth preserving and improving. Ultimately, this is a road map for how America can begin to escape the Trump wilderness of fraud and fascism.Systems Ultra: Making Sense of Technology in a Complex World
By Georgina Voss. 2024
A TOOLBOX FOR COMPREHENDING — AND CHANGING — THE WORLDSystems Ultra explores how we experience complex systems: the mesh of…
things, people, and ideas interacting to produce their own patterns and behaviours.What does it mean when a car which runs on code drives dangerously? What does massmarket graphics software tell us about the workplace politics of architects? And, in these human-made systems, which phenomena are designed, and which are emergent? In a world of networked technologies, global supply chains, and supranational regulations, there are growing calls for a new kind of literacy around systems and their ramifications. At the same time, we are often told these systems are impossible to fully comprehend and are far beyond our control.Drawing on field research and artistic practice around the industrial settings of ports, air traffic control, architectural software, payment platforms in adult entertainment, and car crash testing, Georgina Voss argues that complex systems can be approached as sites of revelation around scale, time, materiality, deviance, and breakages. With humour and guile, she tells the story of what &‘systems&’ have come to mean, how they have been sold to us, and the real-world consequences of the power that flows through them.Systems Ultra goes beyond narratives of technological exceptionalism to explore how we experience the complex systems which influence our lives, how to understand them more clearly, and, perhaps, how to change them.British Foreign Policy in former Yugoslavia 1989–1999: Brotherhood and Unity Lost
By John P McCumiskey. 2023
British Foreign Policy in former Yugoslavia 1989-1999: Brotherhood and Unity Lost, gives a broad analysis of Britain’s foreign policy during…
the wars of Yugoslav secessions from 1992 to 1999. Normative approaches to Britain’s foreign policy during this period ‘have tended to place it’ in to two halves. The notion, there was a new morality in Britain’s foreign policy appeared after New Labour‘s election landslide on 1 May 1997. Robin Cook declared shortly after the victory there would be an ‘ethical dimension’ to Labour‘s foreign policy, and this appeared to chart new territory. As a result, this would be a departure from what former US Assistant Secretary of State, James Rubin, believed was the hyper-realism of the traditional British kind under British Prime Minister, John Major. The book includes interviews with key actors, provides new archive material and re-examines claims by the ‘New Orthodoxy’ which became prevalent after 1999.School Moms: Parent Activism, Partisan Politics, and the Battle for Public Education
By Laura Pappano. 2024
An on-the-ground look at the rise of parent activism in response to the far-right attacks on public school educationFor well…
over a century, public schools have been a non-partisan gathering place and vital center of civic life in America--but something has changed. In School Moms, journalist Laura Pappano explores the on-the-ground story of how public schools across the country have become ground zero in a cultural and political war as the far-right have made efforts to seek power over school boards.Pappano argues that the rise of parent activism is actually the culmination of efforts that began in the 1990s after campaigns to stop sex education largely fizzled. Recent efforts to make public schools more responsive and inclusive, as well as the pandemic, have offered openings the far-right have been waiting for to organize and sway parents, who are frustrated and exhausted by remote learning, objections by teacher&’s unions, and shifting directives from school leaders. Groups like Moms for Liberty and Parents Defending Education are organizing against revised history curricula they have dubbed as "CRT," banning books, pressing for "Don't Say Gay" laws, and asserting "parental rights" to gain control over the review of classroom materials. On the other side, progressive groups like Support Our Schools and Red, Wine & Blue are mobilizing parents to counter such moves.Combining on-the-ground reporting with research and expert interviews, School Moms will take a hard look at where these battles are happening, what is at stake, and why it matters for the future of our schools.Transformations of European Welfare States and Social Rights: Regulation, Professionals, and Citizens (Palgrave Socio-Legal Studies)
By Stine Piilgaard Porner Nielsen, Ole Hammerslev. 2024
This open access edited book investigates European social rights in practice from socio-legal perspectives. It brings together fourteen socio-legal scholars,…
representing Nordic and Western European countries, who analyse different aspects pertaining to European social rights, namely the regulation of social rights, encounters between welfare professionals and citizens, and citizens’ mobilisation of social rights. These three different aspects from the structure for the sections in the anthology, each analysing transformations related to regulation, encounters and rights mobilisation. The book contributes to the existing literature as it focuses on interdependent transformations on macro, meso and micro levels which are key for understanding processes and contexts related to European social rights in practice. It speaks particularly to academics in sociology of law and/or regulation.