Title search results
Showing 121 - 140 of 1165 items
Physiology and Physiopathology of Adipose Tissue
By Bruno Fève, Jean-Philippe Bastard. 2013
The scientific advances in the physiology and pathophysiology of adipose tissue over the last two decades have been considerable. Today,…
the cellular and molecular mechanisms of adipogenesis are well known. In addition, adipose tissue is now recognized as a real endocrine organ that produces hormones such as the leptin acting to regulate food intake and energy balance in the central nervous system, a finding that has completely revolutionized the paradigm of energy homeostasis. Other adipokines have now been described and these molecules are taking on increasing importance in physiology and pathophysiology. Moreover, numerous works have shown that in obesity, but also in cases of lipodystophy, adipose tissue was the site of a local low-grade inflammation that involves immune cells such as macrophages and certain populations of lymphocytes. This new information is an important step in the pathophysiology of both obesity and related metabolic and cardiovascular complications. Finally, it is a unique and original work focusing on adipose tissue, covering biology and pathology by investigating aspects of molecular and cellular biology, general, metabolic, genetic and genomic biochemistry.Iodine Deficiency Disorders and Their Elimination
By Elizabeth N. Pearce. 2017
This volume summarizes the current understanding of the effects of severe and mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency as well as iodine excess.…
It also discusses best practices for salt iodization, the mainstay of global IDD prevention efforts, and other forms of food fortification. The effectiveness of iodine supplementation for vulnerable populations, an evolving strategy in many regions, is also described. Iodine is an essential micronutrient and an integral component of the thyroid hormones, which are required for normal growth and development. The iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) encompass a spectrum of adverse health effects including goiter, cretinism, hypothyroidism, growth retardation, and increased pregnancy loss and infant mortality. Thyroid hormone is particularly crucial for neurodevelopment in early life. Insufficient maternal iodine intake during pregnancy may result in neurological and cognitive deficits in children. Salt iodization and other preventive strategies have substantially improved iodine nutrition worldwide. Consequently, severely iodine-deficient regions are uncommon at present and public health concern has shifted toward mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency. Despite gains, however, IDD is still considered the leading preventable cause of intellectual impairment worldwide. Excessive iodine intake can cause alterations in thyroid function in susceptible individuals; defining safe upper levels for chronic iodine intake has been challenging. Low-level environmental exposure to chemicals such as perchlorate and thiocyanate which competitively block thyroidal iodine uptake appears to be ubiquitous worldwide. There has been recent concern that such environmental exposures might pose a health hazard by inducing or aggravating underlying thyroid dysfunction. This up-to-date volume explores both the effects of iodine deficiency as well as the best strategies for prevention.The Metabolism Miracle
By Diane Kress. 2009
Do you keep gaining weight, despite your efforts to diet? Do the pounds accumulate around your tummy? Do you feel…
tired, irritable, and unable to focus? If you answered yes to any of the above, you may be one of the millions who have Metabolism B, an inherited condition that causes your body to overprocess carbohydrate foods into excess body fat. There is a reason that some people can eat all they want (and seemingly never gain a pound), while the rest of us fret over every carb. Diane Kress, a registered dietitian and weight-loss specialist, has helped thousands with Metabolism B lose weight-and keep it off-with her revolutionary, scientifically based program. Now she shares its secrets here.Diabetes? No Problema!
By Colberg, Sheri R., Villa-Caballero, Leonel. 2005
Endocrinology of Physical Activity and Sport
By Anthony Hackney. 2013
Understanding the influence and interaction between physical activity and the endocrine system are of paramount importance in dealing with a…
multitude of health problems. In Endocrinology of Physical Activity and Sport, renowned physicians and researchers provide a comprehensive and expanded update on the scientific, clinical and practical components of endocrinology as related to sport and exercise. The authors thoroughly review what is known about how such activity effects the endocrine system and how in turn these hormonal responses affect many other organs and systems of the body. In addition, aspects of endocrinology in non-glandular tissue which have endocrine actions are addressed; for example, adipocytes and the release of leptin and related adipocytokines. Further, a wide range of clinically related topics such as athletic amenorrhea, osteopenia, sarcopenia, and hypogonadism are included. This new edition critically integrates what is known about the complex interaction of the endocrine system in the sports context and will again prove immensely valuable to all physicians and clinical investigators treating those active in sports today.Endocrine Surgery
By Chung-Yau Lo, William B. Inabnet, Johnathan Hubbard. 2009
There has been a recent surge of interest within the world of endocrine surgery in the US and worldwide with…
resultant significant changes on the way surgery is performed. Where before a 5-7 year period was taken for a general surgeon, after which the medic would take a 1 year residency then a fellowship, now they are looking at 3 years core surgery and then going straight to specialise, opening up the discipline to more people. The book is a valuable tool for those revising for board examinations and Fellowship examinations. The text, compiled by expert authors from the USA, Europe and Asia, provides an international perspective on the basic knowledge and clinical management.Principles of Oocyte and Embryo Donation
By Mark V. Sauer. 2013
The versatility of oocyte and embryo donation has proven to be extremely valuable to both patients and doctors engaged in…
reproductive medicine. Originally thought to be applicable only to a rather small subset of infertile women, today busy practices commonly recommend the procedure and it is estimated that nearly all of the 400 or more IVF programs in the United States provide these services. Oocyte and embryo donation has established itself as a mainstay procedure within assisted reproductive care, and the breadth, depth and complexity of practice is deserving of focused attention. Much has changed within the field of oocyte and embryo donation since the publication of the first edition of Principles of Oocyte and Embryo Donation in 1998, thus the need for a completely updated and more expansive text. The second edition of this book provides an overview of the major issues affecting men and women engaged in the practice of oocyte and embryo donation. A primary emphasis has been placed on defining the standards of practice that have evolved over the past 30 years, clearly stating the outcomes expected from adhering to these established protocols. Details of both the basic science and the clinical medicine are presented together and attention is also focused on the non-reproductive aspects inherent to this unique method of assisted reproduction that involves opinions from lawyers, ethicists, mental health care professionals and theologians. Oocyte and embryo donation requires a working knowledge of the medicine, the law and the ethics that underlies its foundation. This book is intended to serve as a complete and comprehensive reference for all health care professionals that provide services related to egg donation, reproductive endocrinologists, obstetrician- gynecologists, and fellows and residents entering the fertility field.Frontiers in Gynecological Endocrinology
By Andrea R. Genazzani, Charles Sultan. 2016
This volume provides a comprehensive, up-to-date overview on pediatric and adolescent gynecological endocrinology. It covers a very wide range of…
topics with a particular focus on disorders of sex differentiation, pubertal maturation, growth disorders, primary and secondary amenorrhea, menstrual disorders in adolescents and young adults, sexuality, contraception, and pregnancy. The authors are international well-known experts who document the latest clinical experience in this continuously evolving field and provide practical guidance on the evaluation and treatment of female pubertal problems. The book is published within the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology (ISGE) Series and is based on the 2015 International School of Gynecological and Reproductive Endocrinology (ISGRE) Summer Course. It will be an invaluable reference for gynecologists, endocrinologists, pediatricians, and experts in women's health.Diseases of the Parathyroid Glands
By Edgar V. Lerma, Angelo A. Licata. 2012
For practitioners at all stages of experience, diseases of the parathyroid glands are not easily deciphered. There are many subtleties…
to its pathology and diagnosis. Today, the wealth of new information from molecular medicine makes it very challenging for the individual practitioner to have a complete picture of these entities. Diseases of the Parathyroid Glands addresses these issues by offering a concise, user-friendly text that provides state-of-the-art background on mineral physiology and its regulation and couples this to a variety of clinical topics of parathyroid gland pathology. Introductory chapters cover calcium regulation and parathyroid gland physiology, drawing upon many of the new aspects of glandular control mechanisms beyond the classical ones associated with calcium alone. The majority of the text covers clinical problems. Although most chapters address problems in adult medicine, three separate chapters are devoted to pediatric problems of hyper- and hypoparathyroidsm and parathormone resistance states. In addition, there are several chapters on less common but equally challenging problems such as parathyroid cancer, calciphylaxis, cystic lesions of the glands, and ectopic glandular disease. The final chapters detail the techniques of parathyroid gland imaging and surgical treatment. Practical and an invaluable addition to the literature, Diseases of the Parathyroid Glands is an indispensable reference for anyone interested in parathyroid disease.Fertility Preservation
By Ashok Agarwal, Emre Seli. 2012
A growing majority of women in the western hemisphere have been delaying initiation of childbearing to later in life. Consequently,…
more women in their late 30s to early 40s are attempting to get pregnant for the first time than ever before. Since the incidence of most cancers increases with age, delayed childbearing results in more female cancer survivors interested in fertility preservation. In this book, the editors provide strategies for fertility preservation in women and men who require gonadotoxic treatment. In addition, epidemiologic, ethical, medico-legal, psychologic, and social aspects of fertility preservation are discussed. Using a format that combines concise scientific background with practical methodological information and easy-to-grasp algorithms, the chapters all conform to a uniform structure, including a brief abstract, keyword glossary, step by step protocol of laboratory procedures, key issues in commentary and a list of references. The result is a unique, practical reference guide for reproductive endocrinologists, urologists, embryologists, reproductive scientists, and oncologists.Adrenaline
By Brian B. Hoffman. 2013
Famous as the catalyst of the fight or flight response, adrenaline has also received forensic attention as a perfect, untraceable…
poison-and rumors persist of its power to revive the dead. True to the spirit of its topic, Adrenaline is a stimulating journey that reveals the truth behind adrenaline’s scientific importance and popular appeal.Fabry Disease
By Michael Beck, Deborah Elstein, Gheona Altarescu. 2009
Fabry disease is an X-linked inborn error of metabolism wherein deficiency of a lysosomal enzyme results in systemic deposition of…
glycosphingolipids. Storage deposition, and hence pathological disease, occurs preferentially in renal glomerular and tubular epithelial cells, myocardial cells, heart valve fibrocytes, neurons of dorsal root ganglia, and in endothelial smooth muscle cells of blood vessels. Thus, Fabry disease is a multi-system disorder, albeit with considerable phenotypic heterogeneity in onset and in severity; however, it is progressive, exhibits extensive morbidity, and is life-threatening. Within the past two decades, there has been a radical change in the natural course Fabry disease by virtue of the availability of specific enzyme replacement therapy. Moreover, there has been a concerted effort to better understand the underlying pathology and equally to identify patients prior to the onset of irreversible end-organ damage. It is to be hoped that the future for patients with Fabry disease can be viewed with greater, albeit guarded, optimism. This state-of-the-art textbook attempts to bridge the span of pre-clinical studies, clinical finding, and management options in a readable but comprehensive manner for the medical practitioner as well as the interested non-medical reader.The Brain-Dead Organ Donor
By David K Cooper, Dimitri Novitzky. 2013
Addressing all aspects of brain death and thoroughly detailing how a potential organ donor should be maintained to ensure maximum…
use of the organs and cells, The Brain-Dead Organ Donor: Pathophysiology and Management is a landmark addition to the literature. This first-of-its-kind, multidisciplinary volume will be of interest to a large section of the medical community. The first section of the book reviews the historical, medical, legal, and ethical aspects of brain death. That is followed by two chapters on the pathophysiology of brain death as investigated in small and large animal models. This includes a review of the many hormonal changes, including the neuroendocrine- adrenergic 'storm', that takes place during and following the induction of brain death, and how they impact metabolism. The next section of the book reviews various effects of brain death, namely its impact on thyroid function, the inflammatory response that develops, and those relating to innate immunity. The chapters relating to assessment and management of potential organ donors will be of interest to a very large group of transplant surgeons and physicians as well as critical care and neurocritical care physicians and nurses. Neurologists, endocrinologists, neurosurgeons, and pathologists will also be interested, especially in the more basic science sections on various aspects of brain-death and hormonal therapy. Organ procurement organizations and transplant coordinators worldwide will also be interested in this title. Other chapters will be of interest to medical historians, medico-legal experts, and ethicists.Management of Adrenal Masses in Children and Adults
By Electron Kebebew. 2017
This book is designed to present a comprehensive and state-of the-art approach to the management of adrenal neoplasms that provides…
a resource to the broad group of providers that will encounter such a patient. Sections address issues that are faced by providers who encounter a patient with an adrenal neoplasm. These areas include an overview of the genetic basis and familial cancer syndrome-associated with adrenal neoplasms, pathobiology, advanced and tumor specific imaging approaches and technologies, biochemical analysis, standard medical and surgical therapies, and emerging technology and treatment approaches to benign and malignant adrenal neoplasms. Written by experts in the field, each of these sections address level of clinical evidence and provide recommendations and treatment algorithms. Extensive illustrations make this an interactive text. Management of Adrenal Masses in Children and Adults will serve as a very useful resource for all providers dealing with, and interested in this common but challenging tumor. It will provide a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field that will help guide patient management and stimulate investigative efforts.Hormones and the Endocrine System
By Bernhard Kleine, Winfried G. Rossmanith. 2016
This book focuses on hormones, and on how they are produced in very diverse regions of the body in humans…
and animals. But hormones can be found not only in vertebrates, but also in insects, shellfish, spiders, mollusks, even at the origin of metazoan diversification and exhibit the same pathways of synthesis. The book addresses the different classes of hormones: protein/peptides hormones, steroids and juvenile hormones and hormones like catecholamines, thyroid hormones and melatonin. It also discusses the types of hormone receptors, the majority of which are heptahelical G-protein coupled receptors or nuclear receptors. Particular attention is paid to the organs where hormones are created, with specifics on hormonal production and release, while a dedicated chapter details hormonal regulation from very simple to highly complex schemes. The remarkable kinetics of hormones production are also shown, before the book is rounded out by chapters on evolution in the endocrine system, the genetics of endocrine diseases and doping.Management of Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
By Sanziana A. Roman, Julie Ann Sosa, Carmen C. Solórzano. 2017
This book provides a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of this field, and will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians…
and researchers with an interest in the management of thyroid nodules and cancer, including both surgeons and endocrinologists. The book reviews new data about risk factors for nodular disease and cancer, details the management of toxic and non-toxic benign thyroid nodular disease, discusses controversies in the management of indeterminate thyroid nodules and cancer, and reviews the latest data on use of molecular testing for diagnosis and prognosis. Lastly, the book reviews the management of difficult-to-treat thyroid cancers. Management of Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Practical Guide will serve as a useful resource for physicians and researchers dealing with, and interested in thyroid nodular disease and cancer. It will provide a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field that will help guide patient management and stimulate investigative efforts. All chapters are written by experts in their fields and include the most up to date scientific and clinical information.Lipoproteins in Diabetes Mellitus
By Peter P. Toth, Alicia J. Jenkins, Timothy J. Lyons. 2014
Diabetes mellitus has become epidemic on a global scale, and millions of new cases are diagnosed every year. The epidemic…
of diabetes mellitus is expected to result in one of the steepest rises in human morbidity and mortality ever observed outside of wartime. Insulin resistance is a hallmark of pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is characterized by impaired insulin-signaling transduction. Authoritative and comprehensive, Lipoproteins in Diabetes Mellitusdetails the many changes wrought by insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. The book begins by summarizing the various techniques to measure lipoproteins and their subclasses. The mechanisms by which insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus increase risk for atherosclerosis, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic nephropathy are then explored in detail. Finally, the effects of lifestyle modification and the results of clinical trials using established and investigational drugs are discussed. An invaluable contribution to the literature, Lipoproteins in Diabetes Mellitusis a comprehensive reference on the clinical and scientific aspects of lipoproteins in diabetes. It will have a long-lasting and significant effect on the medical management of people with diabetes.Imaging Endocrine Diseases in Children
By Fred Avni. 2011
This book is a unique resource that will help pediatric radiologists, pediatricians, and pediatric endocrinologists to optimize the work-up and…
treatment of pediatric patients with endocrine disorders. Acclaimed experts in the field present and discuss the imaging findings obtained in disorders of the various endocrine systems, including the hypothalamo-pituitary axis, the thyroid and parathyroids, the adrenals, and the pancreas. Detailed advice is also provided on the assessment of bone growth and on imaging of the fetal glands, ambiguous genitalia, and the female pelvis in the context of precocious puberty. Throughout, care is taken to highlight characteristic findings and diagnostic clues. All of the currently used imaging techniques are covered, with clear explanation of their benefits and limitations. The informative text is supported by a wealth of high-quality illustrations, the large majority of them in color.Hypoparathyroidism
By Maria Luisa Brandi, Edward Meigs Brown. 2015
Hypoparathyroidism, a condition in which insufficient parathyroid hormone (PTH) is produced to maintain normocalcemia is associated with a variety of…
acute and chronic symptoms and complications due to hypocalcemia. Replacement therapy utilizing PTH has long been awaited, and this book is new and very timely as it coincides with the publication of results on the role of the PTH molecule in the pharmacological management of this disorder. This advance is sparking renewed interest in hypoparathyroidism, which is attributable to neck surgery in most cases and to inherited disorders in a minority. Hypoparathyroidism has been written by acknowledged experts in the field and provides essential, up-to-date information on the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of the condition. It opens by addressing in detail the anatomy and physiology of the parathyroids and describing the epidemiology and clinical presentation of hypoparathyroidism. The full range of hypoparathyroid disorders are then discussed, including the various genetic forms, postoperative hypoparathyroidism, and other forms of acquired hypoparathyroidism. Individual chapters focus on refractory disease, the impact of the condition on bone, and the management of acute hypocalcemia. Both conventional treatment for hypoparathyroidism and the novel replacement therapy with PTH peptides are then thoroughly examined. Pseudohypoparathyroidism is also extensively discussed, with information on the various forms, differential diagnosis, and genetic testing. This book will be of interest to all endocrinologists, and also to surgeons and internal medicine physicians.Osteoporosis Research
By Gustavo Duque, Ken Watanabe. 2011
Osteoporosis Research - Animal Models, presents in a very illustrative and practical manner, general methodologies of bone studies in animals,…
as well as the particular features of the most commonly used animal models in the field. Research in the field of osteoporosis has grown in recent years. This has resulted in significant advances in determining the causes of osteoporosis, assessing risk factors, and creating new treatment methods. The use of animal models provides important knowledge about pathological conditions that can eventually lead to the development of more effective clinical treatment of diseases in both humans and animals. Osteoporosis Research - Animal Models, is an essential tool for researchers in the bone field. This book aids researchers in selecting their appropriate model and highlights the experiments that can be strategically designed to optimize the potential of an animal to develop the cardinal features of osteoporosis in humans. This book addresses the importance of recent findings from animal models and their significance on the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in relation to human disease.