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Deficits, Debt, and the New Politics of Tax Policy
By Dennis S. Ippolito. 2012
The Constitution grants Congress the power 'to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises'. From the First Congress until…
today, conflicts over the size, role and taxing power of government have been at the heart of national politics. This book provides a comprehensive historical account of US tax policy that emphasizes the relationship between taxes and other budget components. It explains how wars, changing conceptions of the domestic role of government, and beliefs about deficits and debt have shaped the modern tax system. The contemporary focus of this book is the partisan battle over budget policy that began in the 1960s and triggered the disconnect between taxes and spending that has plagued the budget ever since. With the US government now facing its most serious deficit and debt challenge in the modern era, partisan debate over taxation is almost completely divorced from fiscal realities.The Responsive City
By Stephen Goldsmith, Susan Crawford. 2014
Leveraging Big Data and 21st century technology to renew cities and citizenship in AmericaThe Responsive City is a guide to…
civic engagement and governance in the digital age that will help leaders link important breakthroughs in technology and data analytics with age-old lessons of small-group community input to create more agile, competitive, and economically resilient cities. Featuring vivid case studies highlighting the work of pioneers in New York, Boston, Chicago and more, the book provides a compelling model for the future of governance. The book will help mayors, chief technology officers, city administrators, agency directors, civic groups and nonprofit leaders break out of current paradigms to collectively address civic problems. The Responsive City is the culmination of research originating from the Data-Smart City Solutions initiative, an ongoing project at Harvard Kennedy School working to catalyze adoption of data projects on the city level. The book is co-authored by Professor Stephen Goldsmith, director of Data-Smart City Solutions at Harvard Kennedy School, and Professor Susan Crawford, co-director of Harvard's Berkman Center for Internet and Society. Former New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg penned the book's foreword.Based on the authors' experiences and extensive research, The Responsive City explores topics including:Building trust in the public sector and fostering a sustained, collective voice among communities;Using data-smart governance to preempt and predict problems while improving quality of life;Creating efficiencies and saving taxpayer money with digital tools; andSpearheading these new approaches to government with innovative leadership.ng the work of government employees more meaningfulAmplification and coordination of focused citizen engagementBig Data in big cities - stories of surprising successes and enormous potentialLearn about Alaska's unique indigenous people who have lived thousands of years in a subsistence economy and unconquered. See how…
today's Alaska Native people exhibit remarkable resilience and adaptability despite the arrival of foreigners to Alaska in the mid-1700s, who sought natural resources and brought death and disease that claimed many indigenous lives. Clear descriptions, facts, charts, lists, and maps tell about the 230 Alaska Native tribes and more than 350 Alaska Native-owned for profit and nonprofit organizations that have emerged over the past 65 years. A stunning 25,000 year timeline depicts archeological sites which helped provide the basis for aboriginal land rights in the historic Alaska Native Land Claims Settlement in 1971. Today, Alaska Native people comprise about 20 percent of Alaska's population and their institutions are a major player in Alaska's diverse economy. Easy to read, you will gain an essential understanding about these modern institutions that have been successfully integrated with traditional subsistence values and are improving the lives of Alaska Native people and all of Alaska.Modern Public Economics Second Edition (Routledge Advanced Texts in Economics and Finance)
By Raghbendra Jha. 2009
In recent times not only have traditional areas of public economics such as taxation, public expenditure, public sector pricing, benefit…
cost analysis, and fiscal federalism thrown up new challenges but entirely new areas of research and inquiry have emerged. This second edition builds upon the strengths of the previous edition and incorporates results of research on new areas such as global public goods, environmental taxation and carbon permits trading and the complexities of corporate taxation in a rapidly globalizing world. The book is a modern and comprehensive exposition of public economics. It includes extended discussions on topics of particular interest to developing countries and covers subjects such as: taxation in an economy with a large informal sector the challenges of using VAT the use of randomized evaluation theory of public expenditure and public goods including global public goods incentive effects of taxation and tax incidence This book discusses the major traditional areas of taxation and public expenditure as well as emerging issues relating to public economics in the globalized world economy. It will be useful as a reference and update on the modern literature on public economics for professional economists and policymakers, as well as providing invaluable information as a basic text for undergraduate and graduate students in public economics.Strategic Management in Public Services Organizations: Concepts, Schools and Contemporary Issues
By Ewan Ferlie, Edoardo Ongaro. 2015
Strategic Management in Public Services Organizations sets out to connect the two traditionally disparate academic literatures of public management and…
strategic management. The authors argue that some models of strategic management are now of enhanced relevance for contemporary public services organizations, especially when considering successive New Public Management reforms. This observation has important consequences for the requisite work practices, skills and knowledge bases of current public managers, as they are increasingly being asked to act as strategic as well as operational managers. Strategic Management in Public Services Organizations takes a strongly comparative and international perspective in addressing the fundamental issue of strategic management within diverse public administrative traditions. The impact of strategic management on the performance of public agencies is examined and it is argued that the appropriate use of strategic management models depends on the politico-administrative and cultural contexts of the public services organization in question, concluding that there is no single best way to strategically lead public organisations. This is an advanced textbook aimed at the postgraduate level, particularly students on MPAs and MBAs with a public sector option or MScs in Public Policy and Public Management.State and Local Pensions
By Alicia H. Munnell. 2012
In the wake of the financial crisis and Great Recession, the health of state and local pension plans has emerged…
as a front burner policy issue. Elected officials, academic experts, and the media alike have pointed to funding shortfalls with alarm, expressing concern that pension promises are unsustainable or will squeeze out other pressing government priorities. A few local governments have even filed for bankruptcy, with pensions cited as a major cause.Alicia H. Munnell draws on both her practical experience and her research to provide a broad perspective on the challenge of state and local pensions. She shows that the story is big and complicated and cannot be viewed through a narrow prism such as accounting methods or the role of unions.By examining the diversity of the public plan universe, Munnell debunks the notion that all plans are in trouble. In fact, she finds that while a few plans are basket cases, many are functioning reasonably well.Munnell's analysis concludes that the plans in serious trouble need a major overhaul. But even the relatively healthy plans face three challenges ahead: an excessive concentration of plan assets in equities; the risk that steep benefit cuts for new hires will harm workforce quality; and the constraints plans face in adjusting future benefits for current employees. Here, Munnell proposes solutions that preserve the main strengths of state and local pensions while promoting needed reforms.Policy and Choice
By William J. Congdon, Sendhil Mullainathan, Jeffrey R. Kling. 2011
Traditional public finance provides a powerful framework for policy analysis, but it relies on a model of human behavior that…
the new science of behavioral economics increasingly calls into question. In Policy and Choice economists William Congdon, Jeffrey Kling, and Sendhil Mullainathan argue that public finance not only can incorporate many lessons of behavioral economics but also can serve as a solid foundation from which to apply insights from psychology to questions of economic policy.The authors revisit the core questions of public finance, armed with a richer perspective on human behavior. They do not merely apply findings from psychology to specific economic problems; instead, they explore how psychological factors actually reshape core concepts in public finance such as moral hazard, deadweight loss, and incentives.Part one sets the stage for integrating behavioral economics into public finance by interpreting the evidence from psychology and developing a framework for applying it to questions in public finance. In part two, the authors apply that framework to specific topics in public finance, including social insurance, externalities and public goods, income support and redistribution, and taxation.In doing so, the authors build a unified analytical approach that encompasses both traditional policy levers, such as taxes and subsidies, and more psychologically informed instruments. The net result of this innovative approach is a fully behavioral public finance, an integration of psychology and the economics of the public sector that is explicit, systematic, rigorous, and realistic.Working Longer
By Steven A. Sass, Alicia H. Munnell. 2008
Daily headlines warn American workers that their retirement years may be far from golden. The average worker needs more retirement…
income than ever, due to increased life expectancy and soaring health care costs. But the main components of the retirement income system--Social Security and employer-provided pensions--are on the decline. What's more, fewer employers are providing retiree health insurance, forcing households to purchase their own coverage or do without. This bleak picture has inspired calls to fix Social Security, shore up employer pensions, and redesign 401(k) plans. But as Alicia Munnell and Steven Sass show in this thought-provoking book, the most effective response to the retirement income challenge lies elsewhere--in remaining in the workforce longer. At first blush, it may seem almost Orwellian to suggest that saving retirement requires reducing its length. But working longer does not mean working forever. By staying on the job for another two to four years, retirees in 2030 can be as well off as those in the current generation. Wo rking Longer investigates the prospects for moving the average retirement age from 63, the current figure, to 66. The authors ask whether future generations of workers will be healthy enough to work beyond the current retirement age, as well as whether older men and women are willing to do so. They examine companies' incentives to employ older workers and ask what government can do to promote continued participation in the workforce. Finally, they consider the challenge of ensuring a secure retirement for low-wage workers and those who are unable to continue to work. Spending a few additional years in the labor force can make a big difference. By continuing to work until their mid-60s or beyond, most individuals should be able to secure a reasonably comfortable retirement. Implementing such a change on a large scale will not be simple, however. It requires thought and planning on the part of individuals, employers, and the government. In Working Longer, Munnell and Sass explain what each of these groups can and should do to keep the American dream of retirement alive.The Economics of Evaluating Water Projects: Hydroelectricity Versus Other Uses
By Per-Olov Johansson, Bengt Kriström. 2012
This book presents research on a kind of water use conflicts that is becoming more and more common and important:…
How to best manage moving water in times of increasing demand for electricity as well as environmental services. How should decisions be made between water use for electricity generation or for environmental and recreational benefits? The authors develop a simple general equilibrium model of a small open economy which is used to derive a cost-benefit rule that can be used to assess projects that divert water from electricity generation to recreational and other uses (or vice versa). The cost-benefit rule is then applied to the specific case of a proposed change at a Swedish hydropower plant. The book provides a manual for the evaluation of river regulations which can easily be replicated in other studies.Public Forces and Private Politics in American Big Business
By Timothy Werner. 2012
What are the political motivations behind firms' decisions to adopt policies that self-regulate their behavior in a manner that is…
beyond compliance with state, federal and local law? Public Forces and Private Politics in American Big Business advances a new understanding of the firm as a political actor that expands beyond the limited conceptualizations offered by economists and organization theorists. Timothy Werner develops a general theory of private politics that is tested using three case studies: the environment, gay rights and executive compensation. Using the conclusions of these case studies and an analysis of interviews with executives at 'Fortune 500' firms, Werner finds that politics can contribute significantly to our understanding of corporate decision-making on private policies and corporate social responsibility in the United States.Atlas of Lymphatic Anatomy in the Head, Neck, Chest and Limbs
By Wei-Ren Pan. 2017
This atlas provides detailed information on the human lymphatic system in the head neck and chest regions as well…
as the extremities with more than 400 photographs and radiographs including micro and macro views of the morphology Much of the content is presented for the first time such as the individual differences in lymphatic distribution especially in the head neck region characteristics of the indirect precollecting lymph vessel in the scalp the lymphatic ampulla and diverticulum and the transparent lymph node Providing insights into the lymphatic anatomy the book is an essential resource for medical and science students as well as therapists clinicians and researchers working in this fieldManaging Public Services - Implementing Changes: A Thoughtful Approach to the Practice of Management
By Terry Horne, Tony L. Doherty. 2001
Focusing on change as a constant factor in the management of any organization, this informative book helps the student and…
practitioner to develop the skills and knowledge they require to underpin the work of a modern service manager in rapidly-changing public sector organizations - whether publicly owned, privately managed or sub-contracted. Taking a distinctive approach, emphasizing management and organizational learning as keys to organizational success, this introductory text is solidly practical and is supported by strong pedagogical features including: case studies review questions illustrative vignettes. This comprehensive text has been specifically designed and developed to meet the needs of students studying public services management at undergraduate, certificate diploma and postgraduate level. It allows the reader to develop transferable skills in thinking and learning as they work through the book and gives greater awareness of the benefits of continuous learning for staff and managers.The Mini-Fast Diet: Burn Fat Faster Than Ever with the Simple Science of Intermittent Fasting
By Peggy Dace, Julian Whitaker. 2013
In this breakthrough plan by a renowned wellness doctor, one simple lifestyle change can help reverse metabolic syndrome, drop pounds,…
and lower insulin levels and blood pressure. The magic secret? A clinically proven, research-backed mini-fast that drives the body into an extreme fat-burning state called ketosis. Just skip breakfast, then add a simple exercise program to burn even more fat. After the mini-fast, eat normally for the rest of the day, focusing on proper portions of lean protein, vegetables, and low-fat, low-glycemic carbs. No counting calories—and no hunger. Readers will learn everything they need to follow this expertly designed program, plus: • How to kickstart and stay in ketosis • A 2-week sample meal plan with more than 50 easy, delicious recipes • Advice on safe, effective exercise habits, plus an illustrated guide to the fitness plan • Success stories from people who have changed their lives with the diet • Science on how the program helps fight or prevent diabetes, arthritis, heart disease, and moreThe Whistler Book
By Jack Christie. 2009
This concise, thorough, and easy-to-use guide gives readers all the information they need to enjoy the Whistler area's incredible range…
of year-round recreational opportunities. It features detailed descriptions of camping, hiking, paddling, and other summer activities, along with winter sports such as skiing, snowboarding, and snowshoeing. Detailed trail maps are provided for each location. Destination highlights, informative sidebars, and author Jack Christie's insider tips on his favorite spots are provided throughout.Balancing Diabetes
By Kerri Sparling. 2014
When a person receives a diagnosis of diabetes, he or she starts a process of adjusting and making sense of…
the new normal living with a chronic disease. A large part of that adjustment is figuring out how to balance diabetes with all the intricacies of a life outside of diabetes care. In Balancing Diabetes, diabetes online community blogger Kerri Sparling compiles strategies used by people with diabetes and their caregivers to bring that elusive balance into their lives. Whether adult or child, type 1 or type 2, spouse or caregiver, male or female, people in the diabetes world will find themselves in this book and be inspired by the commonality of that continuing search for balance.Governance Networks in the Public Sector
By Erik Hans Klijn, Joop Koppenjan. 2016
Governance Networks in the Public Sector presents a comprehensive study of governance networks and the management of complexities in network…
settings. Public, private and non-profit organizations are increasingly faced with complex, wicked problems when making decisions, developing policies or delivering services in the public sector. These activities take place in networks of interdependent actors guided by diverging and sometimes conflicting perceptions and strategies. As a result these networks are dominated by cognitive, strategic and institutional complexities. Dealing with these complexities requires sophisticated forms of coordination: network governance. This book presents the most recent theoretical and empirical insights into governance networks.? It provides a conceptual framework and analytical tools to study the complexities involved in handling wicked problems in governance networks in the public sector. The book also discusses strategies and management recommendations for governments, business and third sector organisations operating in and governing networks. Governance Networks in the Public Sector is an essential text for advanced students of public management, public administration, public policy and political science, and for public managers and policymakers.Managing Performance in the Public Sector
By Hans De Bruijn. 2002
Topical and taking a bold stance in the contentious debate surrounding performance in the public sector, this new edition shows…
readers how performance thinking has a substantial impact on the management of public organizations. Thoroughly revised and updated, this highly successful text, written by an experienced academic and practitioner is packed full with a wealth of new features. These include: more examples and cases, from a variety of different sectors, including, hospitals, courts, school and universities a whole new chapter on the dynamics of performance management; answering the questions – how do PM systems evolve? Which effects will dominate in the long run? many extra recommendations for making PM attractive for managers. An informed and up-to-date analysis of this subject, this is an essential text for all those studying, both at undergraduate and postgraduate level, performance management in the public sector.Long Beach Wild
By Adrienne Mason. 2012
Each year, more than a million people visit the spectacular sweep of sand that stretches along Vancouver Island's west coast…
between Tofino and Ucluelet to watch waves crash ashore on a series of beaches-essentially one long beach separated by small rocky headlands, a shoreline steps away from howling wolves and towering red cedars.In Long Beach Wild: A Celebration of People and Place on Canada's Rugged Western Shore, local resident Adrienne Mason uses her intimate knowledge of the area and a selection of historic and contemporary photos to explore the region's rich natural and cultural history.Mason shows how Long Beach was shaped by many forces, including volcanoes, glaciers, and torrents of water. She describes how the deposits of gravel and silt that this tumult left behind allowed offshore kelp beds and sea otters to thrive and supported the growth of countless other organisms, from lichens and ferns to waterfowl and deer.She also describes how First Nations people found inspiration and sustenance in the area for thousands of years, hunting whales on the open ocean using harpoons with mussel-shell blades and great lengths of cedar bark rope.As well as describing the traditions of the area's First Nations, MasonFrontiers in Gynecological Endocrinology
By Bart C J M Fauser. 2015
This volume offers an up-to-date overview on the major areas of gynecological endocrinology presenting the latest advances in adolescent…
gynecological endocrinology assisted reproduction menstrual-related disorders sexuality and transsexualism polycystic ovary syndrome myometrial pathology and adenomyosis obesity and metabolic syndrome hormonal contraception premature ovarian failure and menopause In each chapter the recent advances deriving from basic science and clinical investigations are related to the practical management of the condition under consideration taking into account the need for individualized therapies The book is published within the ISGE Book Series a joint venture between the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology and Springer and is based on the 2014 International School of Gynecological and Reproductive Endocrinology Winter Course It will be an important tool for obstetricians and gynecologists endocrinologists and experts in women s health as well as interested GPsManaging Performance in the Public Sector
By Hans De Bruijn. 2007
Topical and taking a bold stance in the contentious debate surrounding performance in the public sector, this new edition shows…
readers how performance thinking has a substantial impact on the management of public organizations. Thoroughly revised and updated, this highly successful text, written by an experienced academic and practitioner is packed full with a wealth of new features. These include: more examples and cases, from a variety of different sectors, including, hospitals, courts, school and universities a whole new chapter on the dynamics of performance management; answering the questions – how do PM systems evolve? Which effects will dominate in the long run? many extra recommendations for making PM attractive for managers. An informed and up-to-date analysis of this subject, this is an essential text for all those studying, both at undergraduate and postgraduate level, performance management in the public sector.