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Disordered Personalities and Crime: An analysis of the history of moral insanity
By David W. Jones. 2016
Disordered Personalities and Crime seeks to better understand how we respond to those individuals who have been labelled at various…
points in time as ‘morally insane’, ‘psychopathic’ or ‘personality disordered’. Individuals whose behaviour is consistent with these diagnoses present challenges to both the criminal justice system and mental health systems, because the people who come to have such diagnoses seem to have a rational and realistic understanding of the world around them but they can behave in ways that suggest they have little understanding of the meaning or consequences of their actions. This book argues that an analysis of the history of these diagnoses will help to provide a better understanding of contemporary dilemmas. These are categories that have been not only shaped by the needs of criminal justice and the claims of expertise by professionals, but also the fears, anxieties and demands of the wider public. In this book, David W. Jones demonstrates us how important these diagnoses have been to the history of psychiatry in its claims for professional expertise, and also sheds light on the evolution of the insanity defence and helps explain why it remains a problematic and controversial issue even today. This book will be key reading for students, researchers and academics who are interested in crime and its relationship to mental disorder and also for those interested in psychiatry and abnormal psychology.International Crime and Justice
By Mangai Natarajan. 2011
International crime and justice is an emerging field that covers international and transnational crimes that have not been the focus…
of mainstream criminology or criminal justice This book examines the field from a global perspective It provides an introduction to the nature of international and transnational crimes and the theoretical perspectives that assist in understanding the relationship between social change and the waxing and waning of the crime opportunities resulting from globalization migration and culture conflicts Written by a team of world experts it examines the central role of victim rights in the development of legal frameworks for the prevention and control of transnational and international crimes It also discusses the challenges to delivering justice and obtaining international cooperation in efforts to deter detect and respond to these crimes This book is arranged in nine parts covering the subject matter of international criminal justice Each of the short chapters provides readers with an understanding of the main concepts relevant to the topic and sensitizes them to the complex nature of the problemsCorruption Control in Post-Reform China: A Social Censure Perspective
By Guoping Jiang. 2017
The book examines corruption control in post-reform China Contrary to the normal perception that corruption is a type…
of behavior that violates the law the author seeks to approach the issue from a social censure perspective where corruption is regarded as a form of social censure intended to maintain the hegemony of the ruling bloc Such an approach integrates societal structure political goals and agency into a single framework to explain dynamics in corruption control With both qualitative data from officials in power and officials in jail and quantitative data from university students the book explores how the censure on corruption was created and has been applied from 1978 to the present Though primarily intended for academics the book is also accessible for general audiences especially given its intriguing perspective and use of firsthand data on corruption that cannot be found anywhere elseWorking with Involuntary Clients: A Guide to Practice
By Chris Trotter. 2015
Many social workers are employed in positions where they deal with involuntary clients. These positions are demanding, and require a…
specific set of skills. The new edition of this successful book provides an accessible and practical guide for managing difficult and sensitive relationships and communicating with reluctant clients. The author directly links theory to real-life by adopting a jargon-free and accessible guide to working in partnership with involuntary clients. Written in a lively and engaging style, the book is relevant across the curriculum and richly illustrated with case examples drawn from a variety of service-user groups, such as work with people with addictions, young people who refuse to go to school and mental health patients who refuse treatment, as well as examples from criminal justice and child protection. The author's integrated and systematic approach promotes prosocial values; emphasizes clarifying roles; and deals with issues of authority and goal-setting. Fully revised and updated throughout to reflect contemporary research and practice, the book includes increased emphasis on risk assessment, cognitive behavioural approaches, including manualised intervention programs, and reflective practice. The result is an invaluable practical guide for social work and social care students and professionals to working with both clients and their families.Criminal Justice Theory: Explaining the Nature and Behavior of Criminal Justice (Criminology and Justice Studies)
By Edward R. Maguire, David E. Duffee. 2015
Criminal Justice Theory, Second Edition is the first and only text, edited by U.S. criminal justice educators, on the theoretical…
foundations of criminal justice, not criminological theory. This new edition includes entirely new chapters as well as revisions to all others, with an eye to accessibility and coherence for upper division undergraduate and beginning graduate students in the field.Intelligent Control
By Alan Hall, Willem De Lint. 2009
Massive public protests have had a prominent presence at the turn of the millennium, with many thousands of protestors controlled…
by small, yet, increasingly specialized police forces. Investigating the ways in which police practices have evolved in relation to labour strikes and protests, Intelligent Control examines the means by which police forces have developed more coercive and consent-based approaches to regulating social unrest. Willem de Lint and Alan Hall argue that police forces have been gradually adapting public order operations to match or reflect wider trends in politics and society. The main such development is the enfolding of neoliberalism. Police and labour and protester adaptations have followed a fine line between legitimacy and illegitimacy, consent and coercion. The authors explore the development of consent policing from its roots in labour strike countering and the emergence of what they call 'intelligent control' from expanded covert, intelligence-gathering operations. A concise study of how police practices changed from the 1960s to the present day, Intelligent Control is an informative account of a revolution in modern policing.Women Doing Life: Gender, Punishment and the Struggle for Identity
By Lora Bex Lempert. 2016
How do women - mothers, daughters, aunts, nieces and grandmothers -- make sense of judgment to a lifetime behind bars?…
In Women Doing Life, Lora Bex Lempert examines the carceral experiences of women serving life sentences, presenting a typology of the ways that life-sentenced women grow and self-actualize, resist prison definitions, reflect on and "own" their criminal acts, and ultimately create meaningful lives behind prison walls. Looking beyond the explosive headlines that often characterize these women as monsters, Lempert offers rare insight into this vulnerable, little studied population. Her gendered analysis considers the ways that women "do crime" differently than men and how they have qualitatively different experiences of imprisonment than their male counterparts. Through in-depth interviews with 72 women serving life sentences in Michigan, Lempert brings these women back into the public arena, drawing analytical attention to their complicated, contradictory, and yet compelling lives. Women Doing Life focuses particular attention on how women cope with their no-exit sentences and explores how their lifetime imprisonment catalyzes personal reflection, accountability for choices, reconstruction of their stigmatized identities, and rebuilding of social bonds. Most of the women in her study reported childhoods in environments where violence and disorder were common; many were victims before they were offenders. Lempert vividly illustrates how, behind the prison gates, life-serving women can develop lives that are meaningful, capable and, oftentimes, even ordinary. Women Doing Life shows both the scope and the limit of human possibility available to women incarcerated for life. Instructor's GuideCrime and Justice since 1750
By Paul Lawrence, Barry Godfrey. 2015
This book provides a comprehensive, introductory text for students taking courses in crime and criminal justice history. It covers all…
of the key historical topics central to an understanding of the current criminal justice system, including the development of the police, the courts and the mechanisms of punishment (from the gallows to the prison). The role of the victim in the criminal justice system, changing perceptions of criminals, long-term trends in violent crime, and the rise of surveillance society also receive detailed analysis. In addressing each of these issues and developments, the authors draw on the latest research in this rapidly expanding field to explore a range of historiographical and criminological debates. This new edition continues its exploration of criminal justice history right through to the present day and discusses recent events in the criminal justice world. Each chapter now ends with a ‘Modern parallels’ section - a detailed case study providing historical analysis pertinent to a specific contemporary issue in the field of criminal justice and drawing parallels between historical context and modern phenomenon. Each chapter also includes a ‘Key questions’ section, which guides the reader towards appropriate sources for further study. The authors draw on their in-depth knowledge and provide an accessible and lively guide for those approaching the subject for the first time, or those wishing to deepen their knowledge. This makes the book essential reading for those teaching or studying modules on criminal justice, policing and youth justice.Airline Passenger Security Screening: New Technologies and Implementation Issues
By Panel on Passenger Screening. 1996
This book addresses new technologies being considered by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) for screening airport passengers for concealed weapons…
and explosives. The FAA is supporting the development of promising new technologies that can reveal the presence not only of metal-based weapons as with current screening technologies, but also detect plastic explosives and other non-metallic threat materials and objects, and is concerned that these new technologies may not be appropriate for use in airports for other than technical reasons. This book presents discussion of the health, legal, and public acceptance issues that are likely to be raised regarding implementation of improvements in the current electromagnetic screening technologies, implementation of screening systems that detect traces of explosive materials on passengers, and implementation of systems that generate images of passengers beneath their clothes for analysis by human screeners.Feminist Criminology (Key Ideas in Criminology)
By Claire M. Renzetti. 2014
Feminist criminology grew out of the Women’s Movement of the 1970s, in response to the male dominance of mainstream criminology…
– which meant that not only were women largely excluded from carrying out criminological research, they were also barely considered as subjects of that research. In this volume, Claire Renzetti traces the development of feminist criminology from the 1970s to the present, examining the diversity of feminisms which have developed: liberal feminist criminology Marxist, radical and socialist feminist criminologies structured action theory left realism postmodern feminism black/multiracial feminist criminology. She shows how these perspectives have made a great impact on the discipline, the academy, and the criminal justice system, but also highlights the limitations of this influence. How far has feminist criminology transformed research and knowledge production, education, and practice? And how can feminist criminologists continue to shape the future of the discipline?King of Thieves
By George F. Walker. 2013
New York City, 1928. Master thief Mac must join an FBI sting operation against a cadre of corrupt bankers. Music,…
murder, and mayhem ensue, both at the speakeasy where criminals scheme and on Wall Street where financiers conspire. This satirical play with songs exposes the world of corporate crime and, like The Beggar's Opera of 1728 that inspired it, challenges the conservatism that is increasingly apparent today.George F. Walker is one of Canada's most prolific playwrights, having written more than thirty works for the stage since the debut of his first play in 1971. Walker has also spent much of his career writing for radio and television, including for the CBS series Due South and CBC's The Newsroom.Power, Conflict and Criminalisation
By Phil Scraton. 2007
Drawing on a body of empirical, qualitative work spanning three decades, this unique text traces the significance of critical social…
research and critical analyses in understanding some of the most significant and controversial issues in contemporary society. Focusing on central debates in the UK and Ireland – prison protests; inner-city uprisings; deaths in custody; women’s imprisonment; transition in the north of Ireland; the ‘crisis’ in childhood; the Hillsborough and Dunblane tragedies; and the ‘war on terror’ – Phil Scraton argues that ‘marginalisation’ and ‘criminalisation’ are social forces central to the application of state power and authority. Each case study demonstrates how structural relations of power, authority and legitimacy, establish the determining contexts of everyday life, social interaction and individual opportunity. This book explores the politics and ethics of critical social research, making a persuasive case for the application of critical theory to analysing the rule of law, its enforcement and the administration of criminal justice. It is indispensable for students in the fields of criminology, criminal justice and socio-legal studies, social policy and social work.The Restless Sleep
By Stacy Horn. 2005
There is no statute of limitations on murder. It is one crime you pay for â but first you must…
be caught. And in New York City, thousands of murders remain unsolved⦠It was while working as a volunteer post 9/11 that New York-based writer and broadcaster Stacy Horn first learned of the existence of the NYPD's 'Cold Case and Apprehension Squad'. This small but elite unit has but a single purpose: to pursue murder cases that have, for whatever reason â the passage of time, lack of evidence, loss of investigative momentum â gone 'cold'. These are the deaths that have been forgotten, that languish in dusty filing cabinets in precinct HQ basements, some dating back over fifty years. The Cold Case team's job is to reach into the past and rescue the victims from oblivion, to answer the questions 'who were they?', 'what happened to them?' and 'who did this to them?', to lay their ghosts to rest. Theirs is the world that inspires and informs television series such as CSI and Waking the Dead. Given unprecedented access to the Squad, Stacy Horn worked alongside the talented, indefatigable, sometimes ill-at-ease and all-too human detectives as they investigate four cases from inception to resolution. An enthralling chronicle of the two years she spent with the team, THE RESTLESS SLEEP is both a compelling insider's view of a real-life subculture of crime solving â from its tangled history, the politics and bureaucracy to the science, the emotional and physical toll, and the lucky breaks â and a singular exploration of human nature itself.Voices From Within
By Evelyn K. Sommers. 1995
Women in conflict with the law have their own ideas about why and how they became law breakers. Experts tell…
us who these women are and why they break the law, usually igonroing of discrediting the opinions of the women themselves. As a counselling and research intern in a women's medium-security prison, Evelyn K. Sommers heard the stories of dozens of women inmates who came for counselling. Their crimes were related to prostitution, drug abuse, theft, physical abuse, assault, and arson. Most of the women had been imprisoned several times before. Their stories called into question existing theoretical explanations for criminal behaviour as well as the explanations commonly heard in the day-to-day discourse of the prison. Sommers came to the conclusion that attempts to help women in conflict with the law can be effective only if they take into account the women's understanding of what happened to them in the course of their lifetime. She resolved to conduct intensive interviewa with fourteen women and to find the common threads in their stories, threads that might prove useful in furthering our understanding of women's conflicts with the law.Sommers presents the women's accounts of their actions, thoughts, and feelings, without excusing, condemning them, and without moulding their explanations for their behaviour to some ideological model. Four common reasons or themes emergedfrom the women's accounts: need; disconnection and the influence of others, visible anger; and fear. Further analysis uncovered two implicit underlying themes that were present in all of the women's stories; namely, the centrality of relationships in their lives and their personal quest for empowerment. Voices from Within demonstrates the importance of conducting separate studies of male and female lawbreakers including women as a focus of study; of relying on subjective perspectives to distinguish amd appropriately address differences inherent in the criminal population; and of reconceptualizing of the notion of motivation. Sommers concludes with suggestions for further research, and for practical approaches to working with lawbreakers.Microgravity and Vision Impairments in Astronauts
By Erik Seedhouse. 2015
Recent missions on board the International Space Station have revealed previously unreported physiological consequences of long duration space flight, particularly…
in eyesight, and in this Brief Dr. Seedhouse reviews the existing theories on what causes this degeneration and how long it will last. Notably, 60% of long-duration crews have reported subjective degradation in vision, a clear indication that further study is necessary before astronauts embark on even longer-term space missions. Decreased near-visual acuity was reported in 46% of ISS/Mir crewmembers, resulting in a change of up to 2 dioptres in their refractive correction. It is possible that ophthalmic changes have been present since the first days of spaceflight, but had been attributed to other causes; this approach to the issue as well as other hypotheses are all presented in full to give a broad foundation of the existing knowledge on the topic. The changes have occurred at various times during a mission with varying degrees of visual degradation. Some cases resolved on return to Earth, but several crewmembers have not regained pre-flight visual acuity, indicating the damage may be permanent. One explanation of the syndrome has been attributed to hyperopic shift due to aging, but onboard analysis techniques, including visual acuity assessments, retinal imagery, and ultrasound examination of the eye, has led to the acceptance of a wider syndrome. In addition to vision changes, studies have reported flattening of the globe, swelling of the optic disc (papilledema), choroidal folds in the retina, swelling of the optic nerve sheath, and visual field defects. It is widely hypothesized that this spectrum of symptoms may be explained by an elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP). Establishing the provenance of this medical problem, monitoring its occurrence and resolving the symptoms for future long term space missions is a key challenge for space medicine. With this book, readers have an entry point for understanding the full scope of the problem and its possible origins.Management of Complications in Refractive Surgery
By Dimitri T. Azar, Jorge L. Alio. 2008
This illustrated guide is written by international opinion leaders with extensive experience in the practice of refractive surgery. It is…
the first book devoted to refractive complications (with practical hints and case reports on outcomes) to provide ophthalmic surgeons with the most adequate solutions for the most frequent problems. All complications are described and lavishly illustrated. The book provides ophthalmic surgeons with the most adequate solutions for the most frequent problems they face in their daily practice.Thurgood Marshall and the Supreme Court (Cornerstones of Freedom)
By Deborah Kent. 1997
Texas Death Row
By Bill Crawford. 2008
A chilling catalog of the men and women who have paid the ultimate price for their crimes The death…
penalty is one of the most hotly contested and longest-standing issues in American politics and no place is more symbolic of that debate than Texas Since the reinstatement of the death penalty in 1977 Texas has put more than 390 prisoners to death far more than any other state Texas Death Row puts faces to those condemned men and women with stark details on their crimes sentencing last meals and last words Definitive and objective Texas Death Row will provide ample fuel for readers on both sides of the death penalty debateYouth Justice: Ideas, Policy, Practice
By Roger Smith. 2013
The exciting new edition of this well-loved textbook offers a fully expanded and revised account and analysis of the youth…
justice system in the UK, taking into account and fully addressing the significant changes that have taken place since the second edition in 2007.The book maintains its critical analysis of the underlying assumptions and ideas behind youth justice, as well as its policy and practice, laying bare the inadequacies, inconsistencies and injustices of practice in the UK. This edition will offer an important update in light of intervening changes, as reflected in a change of government and shifting patterns of interventions and outcomes. This book will be an important resource for youth justice practitioners and will also be essential to students taking courses in youth crime and youth justice.Youth Gangs in International Perspective
By Finn-Aage Esbensen, Cheryl L. Maxson. 2012
As a steady source of juvenile delinquents and an incubator for future adult offenders, the youth gang has long been…
a focus of attention, from their origins and prevalence to intervention and prevention strategies. But while delinquent youth form gangs worldwide, youth gang research has generally focused on the U.S. Youth Gangs in International Perspective provides a needed corrective by offering significant studies from across Europe, as well as Trinidad-Tobago and Israel. The book spans the diversity of the field in the cultural and scholarly traditions represented and methods used, analyzing not only the social processes under which gangs operate and cohere, but also the evolution of the research base, starting with the Eurogang Program's definition of the term youth gang. Cross-national and gender issues are discussed, as are measurement concerns and the possibility that the American conception of the youth gang is impeding European understanding of these groups. Among the topics covered: Gang dynamics through the lens of social identity theory.Defining gangs in youth correctional settings.Gang gender composition and youth delinquency.From Stockholm: a holistic approach to gang intervention.Gang membership as a turning point in the life course.The impact of globalization, immigration, and social process on neo-Nazi youth gangs. Filling a critical gap in the literature, Youth Gangs in International Perspective will find a wide audience among criminologists, policymakers specializing in youth crime, and researchers and graduate students in criminology, political science, and youth studies.