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Feasibility of Using Mycoherbicides for Controlling Illicit Drug Crops
By Committee on Mycoherbicides for Eradicating Illicit Drug Crops. 2011
The control of illicit-drug trafficking and drug use is a difficult and complex process that involves a variety of prevention,…
control, treatment, and law enforcement strategies. Eradication strategies for controlling illicit-drug crops are used to target the beginning of the drug-supply chain by preventing or reducing crop yields. Mycoherbicides have been proposed as an eradication tool to supplement the current methods of herbicide spraying, mechanical removal, and manual destruction of illicit-drug crops. Some people regard them as preferable to chemical herbicides for controlling illicit-drug crops because of their purported specificity to only one plant species or a few closely related species. As living microorganisms, they have the potential to provide long-term control if they can persist in the environment and affect later plantings. Research on mycoherbicides against illicit-drug crops has focused on three pathogens: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cannabis for cannabis (Cannabis sativa), F. oxysporum f. sp. erythroxyli for coca (Erythroxylum coca and E. novogranatense), and Crivellia papaveracea or Brachycladium papaveris (formerly known as Pleospora papaveracea and Dendryphion penicillatum, respectively) for opium poppy (Papaver somniferum). Feasibility of Using Mycoherbicides for Controlling Illicit Drug Crops addresses issues about the potential use of the proposed mycoherbicides: their effectiveness in eradicating their target plants; the feasibility of their large-scale industrial manufacture and delivery; their potential spread and persistence in the environment; their pathogenicity and toxicity to nontarget organisms, including other plants, fungi, animals, and humans; their potential for mutation and resulting effects on target plants and nontarget organisms; and research and development needs. On the basis of its review, the report concludes that the available data are insufficient to determine the effectiveness of the specific fungi proposed as mycoherbicides to combat illicit-drug crops or to determine their potential effects on nontarget plants, microorganisms, animals, humans, or the environment. However, the committee offers an assessment of what can and cannot be determined at the present time regarding each of the issues raised in the statement of task.Patrons of Paleontology: How Government Support Shaped a Science
By Jane P Davidson. 2017
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, North American and European governments generously funded the discoveries of such famous paleontologists…
and geologists as Henry de la Beche, William Buckland, Richard Owen, Thomas Hawkins, Edward Drinker Cope, O. C. Marsh, and Charles W. Gilmore. In Patrons of Paleontology, Jane Davidson explores the motivation behind this rush to fund exploration, arguing that eagerness to discover strategic resources like coal deposits was further fueled by patrons who had a genuine passion for paleontology and the fascinating creatures that were being unearthed. These early decades of government support shaped the way the discipline grew, creating practices and enabling discoveries that continue to affect paleontology today.A Warrant to Kill: A True Story of Obsession, Lies, and a Killer Cop
By Kathryn Casey. 2000
Human Footprints: Fossilised Locomotion?
By Matthew R Bennett, Sarita A Morse. 2014
Human footprints provide some of the most emotive and tangible evidence of our ancestors. They provide evidence of stature, presence,…
behaviour and in the case of early hominin footprints, evidence with respect to the evolution of human gait and foot anatomy. While human footprint sites are rare in the geological record the number of sites around the World has increased in recent years, along with the analytical tools available for their study. The aim of this book is to provide a definitive review of these recent developments with specific reference to the increased availability of three-dimensional digital elevation models of human tracks at many key sites. The book is divided into eight chapters. Following an introduction the second chapter reviews modern field methods in human ichnology focusing on the development of new analytical tools. The third chapter then reviews the major footprint sites around the World including details on several unpublished examples. Chapters then follow on the role of geology in the formation and preservation of tracks, on the inferences that can be made from human tracks and the final chapter explores the application of this work to forensic science. Audience: This volume will be of interest to researchers and students across a wide range of disciplines - sedimentology, archaeology, forensics and palaeoanthropology.Late Pleistocene and Holocene Environmental Change on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington
By Daniel G. Gavin, Linda B. Brubaker. 2015
This study brings together decades of research on the modern natural environment of Washington's Olympic Peninsula, reviews past research on…
paleoenvironmental change since the Late Pleistocene, and finally presents paleoecological records of changing forest composition and fire over the last 14,000 years. The focus of this study is on the authors' studies of five pollen records from the Olympic Peninsula. Maps and other data graphics are used extensively. Paleoecology can effectively address some of these challenges we face in understanding the biotic response to climate change and other agents of change in ecosystems. First, species responses to climate change are mediated by changing disturbance regimes. Second, biotic hotspots today suggest a long-term maintenance of diversity in an area, and researchers approach the maintenance of diversity from a wide range and angles (CITE). Mountain regions may maintain biodiversity through significant climate change in 'refugia': locations where components of diversity retreat to and expand from during periods of unfavorable climate (Keppel et al. , 2012). Paleoecological studies can describe the context for which biodiversity persisted through time climate refugia. Third, the paleoecological approach is especially suited for long-lived organisms. For example, a tree species that may typically reach reproductive sizes only after 50 years and remain fertile for 300 years, will experience only 30 to 200 generations since colonizing a location after Holocene warming about 11,000 years ago. Thus, by summarizing community change through multiple generations and natural disturbance events, paleoecological studies can examine the resilience of ecosystems to disturbances in the past, showing how many ecosystems recover quickly while others may not (Willis et al. , 2010).A History of Dentistry in Canada
By Donald W. Gullett. 1971
Beginning with the earliest records available describing the dental health of the Indians before the arrival of European settlers, Dr…
Gullett gives a detailed and carefully documented history of dentistry in Canada. He describes the unscrupulous tramp dentists who roamed the countryside years ago as well as their respectable contemporaries, and he traces the development of practice, education, and professional associations, as dentistry developed from an art to a science. The author spent five years gathering information for this book from public archives, libraries, personal interviews, and the records of the profession. The result is a lively and readable story told with a continuing concern for health services.Is This Live?: The Nation's Music Station
By Mike Myers, Christopher Ward. 2016
From former VJ Christopher Ward, Is This Live? captures the pure fun and rock 'n' roll rebellion of the early…
years of MuchMusic. On August 31, 1984, the Nation's Music Station launched, breaking ground as the Wild (Canadian) West of television--live, gloriously unpredictable, seat-of-the-pants TV, delivered fresh daily. The dream child of TV visionary Moses Znaimer, and John Martin, the maverick creator of The New Music, Much was live and largely improvised, and an entire generation of Canadians grew up watching the VJs and embraced the new music that became the video soundtrack of our lives. The careers of Canadian legends like Blue Rodeo, Corey Hart, Jane Siberry, Bryan Adams, Platinum Blonde, Glass Tiger, Colin James, the Parachute Club, Honeymoon Suite, Barenaked Ladies, Maestro Fresh Wes and Sloan were launched when Much brought them closer to their fans. Much also gave us international acts (Duran, Duran, Tina Turner, Iggy Pop, David Bowie, Madonna, Motorhead, Guns N' Roses, Nirvana, Red Hot Chili Peppers), and covered the second wave of music activism with events like Live Aid and the Amnesty International Human Rights Now! tour. Ranging from Toronto's iconic studio at 299 Queen Street West, to Vancouver's MuchWest, MuchMusic's programming travelled across Canada and connected the Canadian music scenes in an unprecedented way. With stories of the bands, the music, the videos, the specialty shows, the style and the improvisational approach to daily broadcast life at Much, Is This Live? is told by the people who were there--the colourful cast of on-air VJs, the artists who found their way into our living rooms of the nation as never before, and the people behind the cameras. As our tour guide to the first decade at MuchMusic Christopher Ward delivers a full-on dose of pop culture nostalgia from the 1980s and '90s, when the music scene in Canada changed forever.From the Trade Paperback edition.The Political History of Newfoundland, 1832-1864
By Gertrude E. Gunn. 1966
Three decades of disorder followed the establishment of representative government in Newfoundland in 1832. The pressures and processes during these…
years have given Newfoundland a political history peculiarly its own. This study examines the structure of the early political parties, the causes of popular tumult, and the effects of constitutional change during this colourful and complex period. First published in 1966, this book is still the most comprehensive investigation of a crucial phase in Newfoundland's political development.Domestic Goods
By Joy Parr. 1999
Visions of life in the 1950s often spring from the United States: supermarkets, freeways, huge gleaming cars, bright new appliances,…
automated households. Historian Joy Parr looks beyond the generalizations about the indulgence of this era to find a specifically Canadian consumer culture. Focusing on the records left by consumer groups and manufacturers, and relying on interviews and letters from many Canadian women who had set up household in the decade after the war, she reveals exactly how and why Canadian homemakers distinguished themselves from the consumer frenzy of their southern neighbours. Domestic Goods focuses primarily on the design, production, promotion, and consumption of furniture and appliances. For Parr, such a focus demands an analysis of the intertwining of the political, economic, and aesthetic. Parr examines how the shortage of appliances in the early postwar years was a direct result of government reconstruction policy, and how the international style of 'high modernism' reflected the postwar dream of free trade. But while manufacturers devised new plans for the consumer, depression-era frugality and a conscious setting of priorities within the family led potential customers to evade and rework what was offered them, eventually influencing the kinds of goods created. This book addresses questions such as, who designed furniture and appliances, and how were these designs arrived at? What was the role of consumer groups in influencing manufacturers and government policy? Why did women prefer their old wringer washers for over a decade after the automatic washer was brought in? In finding the answers the author celebrates and ultimately suggests reclaiming a particularly Canadian way of consuming.Spatial Evolution of Manufacturing: Southern Ontario 1851-1891
By James M Gilmour. 1972
Europeans who settled previously unpopulated and unexploited regions of the world during the 18th and 19th centuries of the world…
had two economic alternatives: subsistence activities or the production of primary goods for export. In general the latter prevailed and the landscape and economy were transformed. This study examines industrial growth in Southern Ontario, one of the most economically successful regions, from 1851-1891, a period when primary activities were still very important but also when today's industrial structure was clearly being shaped. Economists, geographers, and those in related fields will welcome this approach which unites regional economic growth theory, and an empirical examination of distributional and structural change in manufacturing, in a general explanation of the spatial development of manufacturing that is relevant to all export-based regions.Regional Aspects of Canada's Economic Growth
By Alan G. Green. 1971
Regional disparities in income have been an important part of the growth of experience of most nation states. Canada is…
no exception. In a large country, thinly populated and having a wide diversity of resources, cultures, and locational advantages, it is only natural to expect the existence of dissimilar levels of economic performance. In fact, just this diversity of physical and human backgrounds has often provided the primary thrust for variations in natural economic growth. If, therefore, a better understanding of national development is to be obtained, some attention to the growth experience of the subnational units is imperative. This study aims at widening our understanding of the Canadian growth process by focusing on the relationship between regional and national changes since the last decade of the nineteenth century.Reaction and Reform: The Politics of the Conservative Party under R.B. Bennett, 1927-1938
By Larry A Glassford. 1992
When R.B. Bennett assumed the leadership of the Conservative Party of Canada in 1926, he inherited a party out of…
step with a modernizing Canada. Three years later, in the early days of the Depression, he led the Tories to power with a mandate to bring back prosperity. Larry A. Glassford explores the politics of Bennett's leadership, the strategies with which he tackled the Depression, and the reception he and the Conservative party received from voters and press of the day. Bennett's initial efforts to tackle the Depression took the form of activist reaction: raising tariffs, trying to balance the budget, defending the dollar. When these measures all failed to bring recovery, the Bennett-led government edged towards a reform program, creating such permanent institutions as the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission (later the CBC), the Bank of Canada, and the Wheat Board. Bennett tried to package his reforms as a Canadian 'New Deal,' a daring move but one that failed to revive the party. The voters were confused: did the Conservative party stand for reaction or reform? Tories themselves could not decide. The Liberals swept back into power in 1935. At the 1938 Conservative convention which chose Bennett's successor, the perplexing dichotomy remained. Fifty years after the Great Depression, the common perception of Bennett is still of the great Canadian capitalist, driving his government, his party, and the country to the never-never land of American-style high tariffs and British-style imperialism. Glassford demonstrates the inaccuracy of that caricature, and offers instead a fresh analysis of Bennett and his party.A Century of Challenge: A History of the Ontario Veterinary College
By Friston Eugene Gattinger. 1962
In lively fashion Mr. Gattinger records the development of the Ontario Veterinary College, the oldest continuously operating veterinary school in…
this hemisphere. Viewing its history from the perspective of today, he sees the College and the profession it serves moving in response to the times, from a discipline centred mainly on the study of equine diseases to a highly specialized field of endeavour contributing to the research and technological advances of the modern age. Under its five principals the College has in each era of its history been the training-ground of experts in an important aspect of the agricultural industry, and its adaptation to changing conditions and to the personalities of its successive leaders, in Mr. Gattinger's view, makes it a striking example of the theory put forward by Professor Toynbee of growth through challenge and response. In celebrating its hundredth anniversary the College thus pays tribute to its founders and to the several generations of teachers and research workers who have served it.The Denison Family of Toronto: 1792-1925
By David Gagan. 1973
The Denisons were an unusual and colourful family. For over a century – from the War of 1812 to the…
eve of the Depression – they were in the forefront of political, military, social, and intellectual life in Toronto. They took their duties to king and country seriously, serving in public and military office, and established family colonies on their estates in Toronto. As the story of the family unfolds, it reveals the story of Toronto – the spirit of the times, the turbulence of politics, and the exciting growth of a new city. The Denison Family of Toronto focuses on George Denison III (1839-1925), military historian, senior police magistrate, and supporter of the Canada First and Imperial Federation movements. His story proves that Canada has produced some memorable individuals whose activities have for too long been obscured by historians' preoccupation with grander themes. But more than that, the history of the Denisons' quarrel with the United States and their flamboyant nationalism challenges the reader to examine his own assumptions about the Canadian identity.The Pioneer Farmer and Backwoodsman: Volume One
By Edwin Guillet. 1963
In this lavishly illustrated new book, the author of Early Life in Upper Canada and other famous histories of pioneer…
days, relates the story of the Canadian farm and farmer from the primitive to the machine age. Farm life and farm processes are pictured in fascinating detail, and Mr. Guillet quotes generously from books, newspapers, letters and hitherto unpublished archives material, using the words of those who actually witnessed the life of other days–the pioneers themselves, or the more observant of the numerous travellers who visited Canada during the period. The 450 illustrations contained in the two volumes of this work include many never before reproduced. A detailed list of contents and a full index enable the reader to find readily any topic of pioneer life to which he wishes to refer.The Great Migration (Second Edition)
By Edwin Guillet. 1963
Here is a record of one of history's great migrations, the Atlantic Migration to the New World, especially from 1770…
to 1890, when eleven million people came from the British Isles to North America. The slow crossing by sailing ship was unpleasant even in the best accommodation, but for the poor conditions were wretched in the extreme. Famine, unemployment, poverty drove many from the Old World, and their desperate circumstances made them vulnerable to exploitation at both ends of the journey. In the New World, the immigrant had to adjust to strange conditions as he ventured into the interior of the continent to enter upon the hardships of pioneering. Mr. Guillet has located records never before consulted, found contemporary descriptions not previously used, and presented excerpts from diaries, narratives, letters, and emigrant guidebooks formerly accessible only in museum and archives collections. The illustrations are all from contemporary sources and provide in themselves an authentic and comprehensive picture of the times.Pioneer Arts and Crafts
By Edwin Guillet. 1968
Mr. Guillet is a familiar figure in the field of Canadian local and social history: his work has been acclaimed…
for its thorough and accurate research, its skilful use of source material, its wealth of authenticated anecdote, and its attention to detail. Written in an attractive and comfortable style, and illustrated with photographs often contemporary and previously unpublished, his books are a fund of information about areas which too frequently are neglected in Canadian historical writing. Pioneer Arts and Crafts, first published in 1940 and later expanded as a section of The Pioneer Farmer and Backwoodsman (University of Toronto Press), is typical of Mr. Guillet's fine work. In this book he describes all aspects of domestic manufactures and processes of pioneer days: he traces the development of wood-working in furniture and buildings, and of the tanning, spinning and weaving industries. He describes many farming activities which have long since disappeared, for example soap-making and lime-burning. There are several chapters on cooking and various food processes and recipes which include preparation of drugs and medicinal remedies, substitutes for tea and coffee, and the making of lard and sausages. Throughout this account there are quotations from contemporary journals, and anecdotes about various personalities in those early times, which bring our pioneering past to life again. Recommended for use in Ontario schools by the Minister of Education, this book is for all ages, for everyone interested in Canada's pioneering heritage.European Settlement and Development in North America
By James R. Gibson. 1978
Andrew Hill Clark (1911-1975) was responsible for much of the recent rise of historical geography in North America. The focus…
on his research was the opening of New World lands by European peoples, and this North American experience is the subject of this collection of essays written by eight of Clark's students. They examine the role of a new physical and economic environment – particularly abundant and cheap land – in the settlement of New France, the cultural and physical problems that conditioned Russian America, the transformation of cultural regionalism in the eastern United States between the late colonial seaboard and the early republican interior, the changing economic geography of rice farming on the antebellum Southern seaboard, the interrelationships of the European and Indian economies in the pre-conquest fur trade of Canada, differential acculturation and ethnic territoriality among three immigrant groups in Kansas in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the development in England and the United States of similar social geographic images of the Victorian city, and the erosion of a sense of place and community by possessive individualism in eighteenth-century Pennsylvania. The essays are preceded by an appreciation of Clark as an historical geographer written by D.W. Meinig and are brought together in an epilogue by John Warkentin. The work is an unusually consistent Festchrift which should appeal to all interested in the patterns of North American settlement.Early Life in Upper Canada
By Edwin Guillet. 1933
Although there were abundant hardships, early life in Upper Canada was romantic and colourful in many ways. However, despite important…
contributions to the social and economic history of Canada, few good, comprehensive accounts have been generally available. Early Life in Upper Canada, originally published in 1933, is by far the finest history yet compiled, and it is now being reprinted in order to make available to a new generation an important and engrossing description of this area of Canadian history. The author, a distinguished Canadian historian, has drawn on contemporary letters, diaries, newspapers, and periodicals, as well as consulting all the existing histories, and he has supplemented these researches with interviews with persons who had personal contacts with early life in the Province. Mr. Guillet has compiled a thorough, accurate and delightfully readable history, that brings vividly to life the early settlers and their experiences. This is in accordance with the author's profound desire to make the study of Canadian history a delight rather than a chore. He has not concealed the unpleasant aspects of pioneer life, nor does he attempt to glamorize its difficulties. There is a tendency at times to forget that the founders of Upper Canada include hundreds of thousands of men and women of many nationalities, and fur traders, lumbermen, and voyageurs, as well as settlers. Their contributions, too, are acknowledged and recorded here. This book is profusely illustrated, with drawings made, in many cases, by army cartographers, who were skilled creative artists as well. Their paintings, fortunately, have been better preserved than were written accounts of the times, and are accurate depictions of pioneer life. The extensive bibliography and carefully prepared index will make this work invaluable for historians as well as for general readers.Pioneer Settlements in Upper Canada
By Edwin Guillet. 1969
The settlement of Upper Canada began in the Detroit river district where there were several hundred people living before the…
close of the French régime. Between 1785 and 1800 colonization continued with the arrival of Loyalists and other settlers, including a contingent of German mercenaries who fought for George III during the American Revolution. Pioneers continued to come in large numbers to the unsettled areas of the province for the next 75 years and these later settlers often suffered hardships greater than those experienced by the Loyalists. This is the story of these early settlements in Upper Canada. The author, a distinguished Canadian historian, has drawn on contemporary letters, diaries, newspapers, and periodicals; he has consulted all the existing histories, and has supplemented these researches with interviews with persons who had contacts with early life in the province. The numerous illustrations included accurately depict the era. This book was originally part of Early Life in Upper Canada, by far the finest social and economic history of the area yet compiled. It is being printed separately to make more widely available this important and engrossing description of the early settlement of Ontario. Informative, accurate and delightfully readable, this volume brings to life the pioneers of Ontario and vividly recreates their experiences.