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Mes Combats
By Col. René Fonck, Maréchal Ferdinand Foch. 2017
« Le simple récit de ses combats, véritables exploits épiques accomplis dans les airs, donne un exemple des activités, des…
énergies, des vertus, mises en jeux dans les luttes nationales de nos jours. Par là cet ouvrage indique aux générations à venir la hauteur morale où elles doivent monter leur préparation à la guerre, ce qui est, dans la paix, leur devoir. » Préface du Maréchal Foch.Steuerung der betrieblichen Altersversorgung in Europa: garantierte Sicherheit?
By Sylvie Hennion, Otto Kaufmann. 2010
Nahezu alle europäischen Staaten haben ihre Alterssicherungssysteme reformiert mit dem Ziel, sie zu konsolidieren. Die betriebliche Altersversorgung ist seitdem zu…
einem Schwerpunkt betrieblicher Sozialpolitik geworden. Bei der Errichtung, Durchführung und der Kontrolle betrieblicher Altersversorgungssysteme stellen sich zahlreiche Rechtsfragen. In dem Werk wird das Zusammenwirken der Sozialpartner analysiert. Es wird aufgezeigt, welche Handlungsspielräume bestehen und welche Kontroll- und Entscheidungskompetenzen jeweils eingeräumt werden.Correspondance générale d'Helvétius, Volume III: 1761-1774 / Lettres 465-720
By David Smith, Alan Dainard, Claude Helv tius, Jean Orsoni, Marie. 1991
The first two volumes of the Correspondance générale d'Helvétius inspired international acclaim. Now the third volume offers us further insight…
into a variety of aspects of life in eighteenth-century France.Claude-Adrian Helvétius (1715-71) was a wealthy and high-ranking member of French society. He was acquainted with the leading political and social figures of his time and, through family, with the court and government which he occasionally served in a diplomatic capacity. Philosopher, encyclopedist, and author of the explosive De l'Esprit, he and his wife, Anne Catherine de Ligneville, corresponded with the great and influential throughout Europe.The letters in this volume were written between 1761 and 1774, a period in which Helvétius enjoyed the fruits of his fame, travelled to England (1764) and Prussia (1765), and produced two books, Le Bonheur and De l'homme, which were published after his death.Fecondite d'Emile Zola
By David Baguley. 1973
This historical and critical study of Zola's Fécondité contributes much to an understanding of how the novel came to be…
written and of its achievements. Like Travail and Verité, the later books in the series Les Quatre Evangiles, Fécondité has not previously received significant critical attention. This study reveals and interprets the less obvious aspects of the work, its biblical and mythical themes, its sources and genesis. It also adds to our knowledge of Zola's later works through the examination of various ideological currents--particularly the impact of Malthusianism, its proponents and adversaries, and who among them Zola read in preparing this book. Fécondité deals with the particular problem of France's declining birth-rate at the end of the nineteenth century and, more generally, with the problem of decadence and cultural renewal. By the time that he wrote Fécondité, Zola had abandoned his naturalist aesthetic of scientific objectivity, if not also his working methods as a novelist. This study shoes how his didactic concerns continually asserted themselves in the structure and the use of rhetorical techniques in Fécondité. Specialists in Zola, and others more generally interested in the French culture of the late nineteenth century, as well as the particular demographic problems that Zola treats in the work, and the relationship of literature to primitive mythology, should find this study of particular interest.The Court of Justice and the Construction of Europe: Analyses and Perspectives on Sixty Years of Case-law - La Cour de Justice et la Construction de l'Europe: Analyses et Perspectives de Soixante Ans de Jurisprudence
By A Rosas, Court of Justice of the European Union. 2012
This book is a contributed volume published by the Court of Justice of the European Union on the occasion of…
its 60th anniversary It provides an insight to the 60 years of case-law of the Court of Justice and its role in the progress of European Integration The book includes contributions from eminent jurists from almost all the EU Member States All the main areas of European Union are covered in a systematic way The contributions are regrouped in four chapters dedicated respectively to the role of the Court of Justice and the Judicial Architecture of the European Union the Constitutional Order of the European Union the Area of EU Citizens and the European Union in the World The topics covered remain of interest for several years to come This unique book a must-have reference work for Judges and Courts of all EU Members States and candidate countries and academics and legal professionals who are active in the field of EU law is also valuable for Law Libraries and Law Schools in Europe the United States of America Latin America Asia and Africa and law students who focus their research and studies in EU lawVivre à nu: La surveillance au Canada
By Valerie Steeves, David Lyon, Kevin D Haggerty, Colin J Bennett. 2014
"Nombre de Canadiens savent que les organismes du gouvernement s’adonnent à de la surveillance de masse en utilisant les données…
téléphoniques et électroniques. Néanmoins, peu d’entre eux sont réellement conscients de l’influence réelle que cette surveillance a sur presque tous les aspects de leur vie quotidienne. Aujourd’hui, nous ne pouvons faire une promenade au centre-ville, assister à un cours, payer au moyen d’une carte de crédit, monter à bord d’un avion ou faire un appel sans que des données soient capturées et traitées. Où cette information s’en va-t-elle? Qui l’utilise? Qui en sort gagnant et qui en sort perdant? Est-ce que le prix à payer pour utiliser les médias sociaux et d’autres moyens de communication électronique est de desserrer notre emprise sur nos renseignements personnels? Au contraire, devrions-nous nous méfier des systèmes qui nous rendent plus que jamais visibles et, par conséquent, vulnérables aux yeux des autres? Vivre à nu est l’œuvre d’une équipe de recherche multidisciplinaire et explique comment la surveillance s’accroît – pratiquement sans que personne y porte attention – dans toutes les sphères de notre vie. En analysant les principaux moyens employés par le secteur public et le secteur privé pour recueillir, faire le suivi, analyser et échanger des renseignements au sujet des citoyens ordinaires, les auteurs de l’ouvrage ont dégagé neuf grandes tendances dans le traitement des données personnelles. D’ailleurs, collectivement, ces neuf grandes tendances soulèvent des questions pressantes au sujet de la vie privée et de la justice sociale. Cet ouvrage vise non seulement à informer, mais également à changer le cours des choses. Il cible intentionnellement un grand public : les décideurs, les journalistes, les groupes de défense des libertés civiles, les enseignants et, par-dessus tout, les lecteurs du grand public."Correspondance générale d'Helvétius, Volume V: Appendices et Index
By David Smith, Alan Dainard, Claude Adrien Helvétius, Jean Orsoni, Peter Allan, Marie-Thérèse Inguenaud, Jonas Steffen. 2004
This fifth and final volume completes the critical edition of the letters of French philosopher Claude Adrien Helvétius (1715-1771), author…
of the controversial De l'Esprit (1758), and of his wife, née Anne Catherine de Ligniville (1722-1800), who ran her own salon in Auteuil after her husband's death. The essential component in this last volume is the detailed index – an indispensable instrument for researchers who wish to make full use of the correspondence. The volume also includes four new letters discovered since the appearance of the first four volumes, errata, additions and modifications to the critical apparatus, the text of letters excluded from the edition proper, genealogies of the families of Helvétius and his wife, and a chronological list of all letters mentioned in the edition. The previous volumes of this edition have enjoyed international acclaim. "All students of the French Enlightenment will be deeply indebted to D.W. Smith and his team for this superbly conceived and organized collaborative achievement. When complete the Toronto Helvétius will rank among the truly outstanding examples of twentieth-century editorial and bibliographical scholarship." (David Williams, French Studies)La Chronique de Robert de Clari: Etude de la langue et du style
By Peter Dembowski. 1963
Robert de Clari (died c. 1220), a member of the Lesser Picard nobility from the vicinity of Amiens, left a…
chronicle of the Fourth Crusade in which he took part. This is an important work in the study of the development of the French language, because it is one of the first original prose texts in French, neither translated from Latin nor resulting from "prosification" of verse-compositions. Professor Dembrowski's study is a close analysis of language and style, revealing Robert de Clari's ability in the narration of short anecdotes and in the reproduction of dialogue. University of Toronto Romance Series, Number 6.The Wise King: A Christian Prince, Muslim Spain, and the Birth of the Renaissance
By Simon R. Doubleday. 2015
"If I had been present at the Creation,” the thirteenth-century Spanish philosopher-king Alfonso X is said to have stated, "Many…
faults in the universe would have been avoided. ” Known as El Sabio, "the Wise,” Alfonso was renowned by friends and enemies alike for his sparkling intellect and extraordinary cultural achievements. In The Wise King, celebrated historian Simon R. Doubleday traces the story of the king’s life and times, leading us deep into his emotional world and showing how his intense admiration for Spain’s rich Islamic culture paved the way for the European Renaissance. In 1252, when Alfonso replaced his more militaristic father on the throne of Castile and León, the battle to reconquer Muslim territory on the Iberian Peninsula was raging fiercely. But even as he led his Christian soldiers onto the battlefield, Alfonso was seduced by the glories of Muslim Spain. His engagement with the Arabic-speaking culture of the South shaped his pursuit of astronomy, for which he was famed for centuries, and his profoundly humane vision of the world, which Dante, Petrarch, and later Italian humanists would inherit. A composer of lyric verses, and patron of works on board games, hunting, and the properties of stones, Alfonso is best known today for his Cantigas de Santa María (Songs of Holy Mary), which offer a remarkable window onto his world. His ongoing struggles as a king and as a man were distilled--in art, music, literature, and architecture--into something sublime that speaks to us powerfully across the centuries. An intimate biography of the Spanish ruler in whom two cultures converged, The Wise King introduces readers to a Renaissance man before his time, whose creative energy in the face of personal turmoil and existential threats to his kingdom would transform the course of Western history.The Collapse: The Accidental Opening of the Berlin Wall
By Mary Elise Sarotte. 2014
The Berlin Wall was erected in 1961 to end all traffic between the city’s two halves: the democratic west and…
the communist east. The iconic symbol of a divided Europe, the Wall became a focus of western political pressure on East Germany; as Ronald Reagan’s famously said in a 1987 speech in Berlin, "Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!” But as award-winning historian Mary Sarotte shows in [Title TK] , the opening of the Wall on November 9, 1989 was not, as is commonly believed, the East German government’s deliberate concession to outside influence. It was an accident. A carelessly worded memo written by mid-level bureaucrats, a bumbling press conference given by an inept member of the East German Politburo, the negligence of government leaders, the bravery of ordinary people in East and West Berlin--these combined to bring about the end of nearly forty years of oppression, fear, and enmity in divided Berlin. When the news broke, Washington and Moscow could only stand by and watch as Tom Brokaw and other journalists narrated the televised broadcast of this critical moment in the thawing of the cold war. Sarotte opens her story in the months leading up to that fateful day. Following East German dissidents, she shows how their efforts coalesced around opposition to the regime’s restrictions on foreign travel. The city of Leipzig, close to the border with Czechoslovakia, became a hothouse of activism, and protests there quickly grew into massive demonstrations. The East German Politburo hoped to limit its citizens’ knowledge of these marches, but two daring dissidents, East Berliners Aram Radomski and Siegbert Schefke, managed to evade the Stasi and film the largest of them from a church tower. They then smuggled their tape to West Germany; broadcast in both nations, the footage galvanized activists across East Germany, and precipitated the stunning developments on November 9. Facing mounting pressure from its own citizens, the East German Politburo planned to put off enacting any meaningful change to its travel policy by issuing a deceptive ruling that would appear to offer more freedom, but which in fact would allow the state to maintain strict control over its citizen’s movements. But the bureaucrats tasked with preparing the "new” regulations misunderstood their task, and instead drafted a declaration that said East Germans could freely leave the country. This declaration ended up in the hands of regime spokesman Günter Schabowski, who announced the rules at a press conference without understanding their import. Stunned reporters were soon broadcasting the news around the world. Crowds of East Germans began streaming to the Wall, prompting a showdown with border guards, who received no support or direction from East German leadership as the throngs multiplied. By 11:30, Harald Jäger, a second-tier passport control officer, had had enough and finally opened the wall to the mob gathering outside his gate. Even though East German forces successfully regained control by the morning, it was too late--for the wall, for the regime, and for Communism in Eastern Europe. Drawing on evidence from archives in multiple countries and languages, along with dozens of interviews with key actors, including Harald Jäger, [Title TK] is the definitive account of the event that brought down the East German Politburo and came to represent the final collapse of the Cold War order.International Courts and the Development of International Law
By Tullio Scovazzi, Nerina Boschiero, Cesare Pitea, Chiara Ragni. 2012
This book contains a collection of essays by leading experts linked to the outstanding characteristics of the scholar in honour…
of whom it is published Tullio Treves who combines his academic background with his practical experiences of a negotiator of international treaties and a judge of an international tribunal It covers international public and private law related to international courts and the development of international law Under Article 38 of its Statute the International Court of Justice can apply judicial decisions only as a subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law However there are many reasons to believe that international courts and tribunals do play quite an important role in the progressive development of international law There are a number of decisions which are inevitably recalled as the first step or a decisive step in the process of the formation of a new rule of customary international law In these cases can the judge be considered as a subsidiary of others Are these cases compatible with the common belief that a judge cannot create law Is this a peculiarity of international law which is characterized by the existence of several courts but the lack of a legislator Do decisions by different courts lead to the consequence of a fragmented international law This volume provides the reader with an elaboration of various questions linked to the legislative role of courts In their choices of subjects some contributors have taken into account the general aspects of the development of international rules through court decisions or specific sectors of international law such as human rights international crimes international economic law environmental law and the law of the sea Others have chosen the subject of the rules on jurisdiction and procedure of international courts The question of the courts role in the development of areas of law different from public international law namely private international law and European Union law has also been considered The information and views contained in this book will be of great value to academics students judges practitioners and all others interested in the public and private international law aspects of the link between international courts and the development of international lawThis volume provides a fascinating look at the anti-tax avoidance strategies employed by more than fifteen countries in eastern and…
western Europe Canada the Pacific Rim Asia Africa and the United States It surveys the similarities and differences in anti-avoidance regimes and contains detailed chapters for each country surveying the moral and legal dimensions of the problem The proliferation of tax avoidance schemes in recent years signals the global dimensions of a problem presenting a serious challenge to the effective administration of tax laws Tax avoidance involves unacceptable manipulation of the law to obtain a tax advantage These transactions support wasteful behavior in which corporations enter into elaborate circuitous arrangements solely to minimize tax liability It frustrates the ability of governments to collect sufficient revenue to provide essential public goods and services Avoidance of duly enacted provisions or manipulation to secure tax benefits unintended by the legislature poses a threat to the effective operation of a free society for the benefit of a small group of members who seek the privilege of shifting their tax burden onto others merely to compete in the world of commerce In a world in which world treasuries struggle for the resources to battle terrorist threats and to secure a decent standard of living for constituents tax avoidance can bring economies close to the edge of sustainability As tax avoidance is one of the top concerns of most nations the importance of this work cannot be overstatedCorrespondance générale d'Helvétius, Volume III: 1761-1774 / Lettres 465-720
By Alan Dainard, Claude Adrien Helv tius, David Smith, Jean Orsoni, Marie-Th r se Inguenaud, Peter Allan. 1991
The first two volumes of the Correspondance générale d'Helvétius inspired international acclaim. Now the third volume offers us further insight…
into a variety of aspects of life in eighteenth-century France.Claude-Adrian Helvétius (1715-71) was a wealthy and high-ranking member of French society. He was acquainted with the leading political and social figures of his time and, through family, with the court and government which he occasionally served in a diplomatic capacity. Philosopher, encyclopedist, and author of the explosive De l'Esprit, he and his wife, Anne Catherine de Ligneville, corresponded with the great and influential throughout Europe.The letters in this volume were written between 1761 and 1774, a period in which Helvétius enjoyed the fruits of his fame, travelled to England (1764) and Prussia (1765), and produced two books, Le Bonheur and De l'homme, which were published after his death.Correspondance générale d'Helvétius, Volume IV: 1774-1800 / Lettres 721-855
By Claude Adrien Helv tius, David Smith, J A Dainard, Jean Orsoni, Marie-Th r se Inguenaud, Peter Allan. 1998
This is the fourth of five volumes of the letters of the French philosopher Claude Adrien Helvétius (1715-1771), author of…
the controversial De l'Esprit (1758). Featuring the correspondence of Mme Helvétius, née Anne Catherine de Ligniville (1722-1800), in the years following her husband's death, this volume also includes letters by and to Helvétius discovered since the publication of the first three volumes. Mme Helvétius enjoyed an active widowhood, welcoming to her salon in Auteuil a group of intellectuals who came to be known as the Idéologues. A close friend of Benjamin Franklin, she was involved in political events before and during the French Revolution, as well as in Napoleon's coup d'état. In the last letter of the series her grandson describes her burial in her garden, which took place without religious or revolutionary ceremony in the presence of all her favourite pets. Most of the newly discovered letters are addressed to Helvétius by figures as important as d'Alembert, Boulanger, Chastellux, Saint-Lambert, Servan, Thieriot, and Trublet. Some of these complete an existing exchange, others provide dates for letters already published. The fifth and final volume will be devoted primarily to a comprehensive index. It will also include a chronological list of all the letters, corrections and modifications, and other useful material.Vivre à nu: La surveillance au Canada
By David Lyon, Valerie Steeves, Kevin Haggerty, Colin Bennett. 2014
"Nombre de Canadiens savent que les organismes du gouvernement s’adonnent à de la surveillance de masse en utilisant les données…
téléphoniques et électroniques. Néanmoins, peu d’entre eux sont réellement conscients de l’influence réelle que cette surveillance a sur presque tous les aspects de leur vie quotidienne. Aujourd’hui, nous ne pouvons faire une promenade au centre-ville, assister à un cours, payer au moyen d’une carte de crédit, monter à bord d’un avion ou faire un appel sans que des données soient capturées et traitées. Où cette information s’en va-t-elle? Qui l’utilise? Qui en sort gagnant et qui en sort perdant? Est-ce que le prix à payer pour utiliser les médias sociaux et d’autres moyens de communication électronique est de desserrer notre emprise sur nos renseignements personnels? Au contraire, devrions-nous nous méfier des systèmes qui nous rendent plus que jamais visibles et, par conséquent, vulnérables aux yeux des autres? Vivre à nu est l’œuvre d’une équipe de recherche multidisciplinaire et explique comment la surveillance s’accroît – pratiquement sans que personne y porte attention – dans toutes les sphères de notre vie. En analysant les principaux moyens employés par le secteur public et le secteur privé pour recueillir, faire le suivi, analyser et échanger des renseignements au sujet des citoyens ordinaires, les auteurs de l’ouvrage ont dégagé neuf grandes tendances dans le traitement des données personnelles. D’ailleurs, collectivement, ces neuf grandes tendances soulèvent des questions pressantes au sujet de la vie privée et de la justice sociale. Cet ouvrage vise non seulement à informer, mais également à changer le cours des choses. Il cible intentionnellement un grand public : les décideurs, les journalistes, les groupes de défense des libertés civiles, les enseignants et, par-dessus tout, les lecteurs du grand public."International Courts and the Development of International Law
By Tullio Scovazzi, Nerina Boschiero, Cesare Pitea, Chiara Ragni. 2012
This book contains a collection of essays by leading experts linked to the outstanding characteristics of the scholar in honour…
of whom it is published, Tullio Treves, who combines his academic background with his practical experiences of a negotiator of international treaties and a judge of an international tribunal. It covers international public and private law related to international courts and the development of international law. Under Article 38 of its Statute, the International Court of Justice can apply judicial decisions only as a "subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law". However, there are many reasons to believe that international courts and tribunals do play quite an important role in the progressive development of international law. There are a number of decisions which are inevitably recalled as the first step, or a decisive step, in the process of the formation of a new rule of customary international law. In these cases, can the judge be considered as a subsidiary of others? Are these cases compatible with the common belief that a judge cannot create law? Is this a peculiarity of international law, which is characterized by the existence of several courts but the lack of a legislator? Do decisions by different courts lead to the consequence of a fragmented international law? This volume provides the reader with an elaboration of various questions linked to the legislative role of courts. In their choices of subjects, some contributors have taken into account the general aspects of the development of international rules through court decisions or specific sectors of international law, such as human rights, international crimes, international economic law, environmental law and the law of the sea. Others have chosen the subject of the rules on jurisdiction and procedure of international courts. The question of the courts' role in the development of areas of law different from public international law, namely private international law and European Union law, has also been considered. The information and views contained in this book will be of great value to academics, students, judges, practitioners and all others interested in the public and private international law aspects of the link between international courts and the development of international law.Corporate Criminal Liability: Emergence, Convergence, and Risk (Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice #9)
By Mark Pieth, Radha Ivory. 2010
With industrialization and globalization, corporations acquired the capacity to influence social life for good or for ill. Yet, corporations are…
not traditional objects of criminal law. Justified by notions of personal moral guilt, criminal norms have been judged inapplicable to fictional persons, who 'think' and 'act' through human beings. The expansion of new corporate criminal liability (CCL) laws since the mid-1990s challenges this assumption. Our volume surveys current practice on CCL in 15 civil and common law jurisdictions, exploring the legal conditions for liability, the principles and options for sanctioning, and the procedures for investigating, charging and trying corporate offenders. It considers whether municipal CCL laws are converging around the notion of 'corporate culture', and, in any case, the implications of CCL for those charged with keeping corporations, and other legal entities, out of trouble.Corporate Criminal Liability: Emergence, Convergence, and Risk (Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice #9)
By Mark Pieth, Radha Ivory. 2010
With industrialization and globalization, corporations acquired the capacity to influence social life for good or for ill. Yet, corporations are…
not traditional objects of criminal law. Justified by notions of personal moral guilt, criminal norms have been judged inapplicable to fictional persons, who 'think' and 'act' through human beings. The expansion of new corporate criminal liability (CCL) laws since the mid-1990s challenges this assumption. Our volume surveys current practice on CCL in 15 civil and common law jurisdictions, exploring the legal conditions for liability, the principles and options for sanctioning, and the procedures for investigating, charging and trying corporate offenders. It considers whether municipal CCL laws are converging around the notion of 'corporate culture', and, in any case, the implications of CCL for those charged with keeping corporations, and other legal entities, out of trouble.Armed Conflict and International Law: Liber Amicorum in Memory of Avril McDonald
By Mari lle Matthee, Brigit Toebes, Marcel Brus. 2013
This book is written in memory of Avril McDonald, who passed away in April 2010. Avril was an inspired and…
passionate scholar in the fields of international humanitarian law, international criminal law, human rights law and law in the field of arms control and disarmament. What in particular made Avril's work special, was her strong commitment with the human aspects throughout. Fourteen scholars and practitioners have contributed to this liber amicorum, which has led to a rich variety of topics within the disciplines of Avril's expertise. They all have in common that they deal with the human perspectives of the discipline of law at hand. They concentrate on the impact of the developments in international law on humans, whether they are civilians, victims of war or soldiers. This human perspective of law makes this book an appropriate tribute to Avril McDonald and at the same time a unique and valuable contribution to international legal research in the present society. A society that becomes more and more characterized by detailed legal systems, defined by institutions that may frequently lack sufficient contact with the people concerned.Armed Conflict and International Law: Liber Amicorum in Memory of Avril McDonald
By Mariëlle Matthee, Brigit Toebes, Marcel Brus. 2013
This book is written in memory of Avril McDonald, who passed away in April 2010. Avril was an inspired and…
passionate scholar in the fields of international humanitarian law, international criminal law, human rights law and law in the field of arms control and disarmament. What in particular made Avril's work special, was her strong commitment with the human aspects throughout. Fourteen scholars and practitioners have contributed to this liber amicorum, which has led to a rich variety of topics within the disciplines of Avril's expertise. They all have in common that they deal with the human perspectives of the discipline of law at hand. They concentrate on the impact of the developments in international law on humans, whether they are civilians, victims of war or soldiers. This human perspective of law makes this book an appropriate tribute to Avril McDonald and at the same time a unique and valuable contribution to international legal research in the present society. A society that becomes more and more characterized by detailed legal systems, defined by institutions that may frequently lack sufficient contact with the people concerned.