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Showing 1 - 20 of 13419 items
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Environment, Nature, Business and economics, Lifestyle, Social issues, Economics
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Our shopping culture isn't an obvious polluter. There's always more to buy, buy, buy. Kids love trendy clothes, the latest…
electronics, fast food and even plastic gift cards. Sales draw us in, shiny new gadgets have us going ga-ga and personalized pop-up ads on our social media feeds have us frantically buying things—and throwing them out—without a second thought. You can't see the pollution the way you can see smog in the air or a forest that's been chopped down. But our buying habits and obsession with the latest and greatest are affecting the planet. All the things we need, want and gotta have are responsible for big environmental problems. But making small changes in what and how often you buy can have an impact. All Consuming shows the pros and cons of making different choices when it comes to buying the things you love. It also shines a spotlight on kids who are bringing about change and offers ways you can help out too
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Business and economics, Economics, History
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This open access book is the first attempt to elaborate the formalization phase of banking supervision in eight developed countries—USA,…
Japan, Sweden, Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, France, and UK. This innovative study in the field of banking supervision history identifies why national histories of banking supervision share similarities, but also remain different and are heavily path dependent. This book will be of great interest not only to financial/economic historians but also to general readers interested in banking supervision, i.e., students, bankers, supervisors, and international officials.
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Business and economics, Economics, History, General non-fiction
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How a group of intellectuals and policymakers transformed development economics and gave Latin America a new position in the world.…
After the Second World War demolished the old order, a group of economists and policymakers from across Latin America imagined a new global economy and launched an intellectual movement that would eventually capture the world. They charged that the systems of trade and finance that bound the world’s nations together were frustrating the economic prospects of Latin America and other regions of the world. Through the UN Economic Commission for Latin America, or CEPAL, the Spanish and Portuguese acronym, cepalinos challenged the orthodoxies of development theory and policy. Simultaneously, they demanded more not less trade, more not less aid, and offered a development agenda to transform both the developed and the developing world. Eventually, cepalinos established their own form of hegemony, outpacing the United States and the International Monetary Fund as the agenda setters for a region traditionally held under the orbit of Washington and its institutions. By doing so, cepalinos reshaped both regional and international governance and set an intellectual agenda that still resonates today. Drawing on unexplored sources from the Americas and Europe, Margarita Fajardo retells the history of dependency theory, revealing the diversity of an often-oversimplified movement and the fraught relationship between cepalinos, their dependentista critics, and the regional and global Left. By examining the political ventures of dependentistas and cepalinos, The World That Latin America Created is a story of ideas that brought about real change.
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Business and economics, Economics, Science and technology
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Human capital is of utmost importance for the future of our knowledge economies and societies. However, it is unequally distributed…
in Europe, contributing to marked spatial patterns of economic prosperity within and across countries. In many cases, these patterns have a long history. To understand them better, it requires to go back in time, when mass schooling was starting to become a reality across Europe. Taking a long-run perspective over more than 150 years, this book shows the development and the distribution of human capital in the regions of Europe and its connections with the economy. It provides insights into recent research findings in this area, including theoretical advances and the use of new empirical data.
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Business and economics, Economics
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This book aims to theoretically and empirically enrich the GVC accounting framework with statistical physics and complex network theory from…
the perspective of econophysics, thus adding up to the existing theories. Besides, it also aims at capturing the essences of network models such as topological complexity, hierarchy, transmissibility, interaction, and causality and reflecting the objective interrelations among economies or between economies and economic systems on the GVC, so as to reveal the inherent evolution of the cross-regional and even global economic systems.
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Economics, Laws and statutes, Science and technology
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This book is at the center of the UN goals of combining environment and economic development with new technologies.First, sustainability…
in mining is defined as a process of transformation. This is followed by an outlook on the aspects of safety, economy, environmental impact and digital transformation. The book includes a discussion of new aspects such as the problem of liability for mining damages regarding climate change in Peru. Specific technical issues in smart mining are covered as well, such as underground localization systems based on ultra-wide band radio and inertial navigation, or the use of thermal imaging for roof crack detection. In addition, the characterization of material flows, subsurface hydrogen-storage systems and the prediction of mining induced subsidence and uplift are dealt with.The Sustainable Smart Mining and Energy Yearbook is not only aimed at researchers professionals, but at all who want to get an overview of the important technical and legal topics in this field.
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Business and economics, Economics
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This book presents the 2020 Digital Platform Economy Index (DPE Index). The DPE Index integrates two separate but related literatures…
on ecosystems, namely, the digital ecosystem and the entrepreneurial ecosystem. This new framework situates digital entrepreneurship within the broader context of users, platforms, and institutions, such that two biotic entities (users and agents) actuate individual agency, and two abiotic components (digital infrastructure and digital platforms) form the external environment. The DPE Index framework includes 12 pillars that integrate the digital and the entrepreneurship ecosystems. Here, the authors report on the DPE Index, the four sub-indices, and the 12 pillar values for 116 countries as well as provide a cluster analysis based on the 12 pillars.
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Economics, Business and economics, Science and technology
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This book evaluates African Special Economic Zones from the perspective of learning from China’s experiences with such Zones and the…
impact of Chinese policy and investment on African Zones. Utilising case studies of perceived successful Special Economic Zones in China, the book proposes the Chinese Model of Special Economic Zones as an evaluation and benchmarking tool against which African Special Economic Zones are considered. Applying several case studies on African Special Economic Zones, the book then details the competitiveness of African Special Economic Zones with a specific focus on attracting Chinese investors to these Zones. The economic, social and environmental impact of these zones are appraised. African Nations’ efforts, or lack thereof, to enable successful Special Economic Zones are critically analysed. Finally, Special Economic Zones in Africa are compared against the Chinese Model; and an African Model of Special Economic Zones is proposed. Recommendations are presented to both African Nations’ leadership and Chinese policymakers and investors as to how these Zones can be improved to enhance competitiveness and the attainment of the Zones’ sustainable development objectives.
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Business and economics, Economics, Canadian politics and government
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The research purpose of this book is to advance the reform of the existing international monetary system through the establishment…
of a new international currency standard that is a super-sovereign currency. International Monetary System provides international economic activities rules for the human society. It has significant influences not only on international economic activities of various countries but also on their domestic economic activities as well. Since the disintegration of International gold standard in 1971, studies on reform of international monetary system have remained as the important research themes for international economic research fields. Improvements of international monetary system to facilitate worldwide economic developments have been interests to all. Thus this book has valuable theoretical contributions. Since the collapse of Bretton Woods System, the current international monetary system of Jamaica System has come into being. Under Jamaica System, the sovereign currency US dollar has acted as the main international currency. This has caused vulnerability of money standard, instability of exchange rate system, and frequent occurrences of currency crises. Calls for international monetary system reforms have increased under these circumstances. Various programs such as improved international gold standard system, expansion of Special Drawing Rights, as well as establishment of single world currency surface. So this book has significant practical contributions as well. The major contribution of this book is the proposal of new scheme of establishment of supra-sovereign international currency. This is an entire new reform program that differs significantly from any past or current reform programs in international economic research fields from all over the world.
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Economics
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Von Abwehrzoll über Freihandelszone bis zu TTIP: Begriffe zum Thema Außenhandel zeichnen sich durch unzählige Fachtermini und Abkürzungen aus. Das…
vorliegende Nachschlagewerk eignet sich für den ersten schnellen Überblick. In 440 übersichtlichen Schlüsselbegriffen werden unter anderem grundlegende Konzepte, Institutionen und Abkommen erläutert. Die Erklärungen sind kompakt und verständlich formuliert und bieten Basiswissen für alle, die einen schnellen Einstieg in das Thema Europa suchen, einzelne Begriffe nachschlagen oder ihr vorhandenes Wissen auffrischen möchten.
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Economics, Business and economics, General non-fiction, Science and technology
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This new 4th edition offers an introduction to optimal control theory and its diverse applications in management science and economics.…
It introduces students to the concept of the maximum principle in continuous (as well as discrete) time by combining dynamic programming and Kuhn-Tucker theory. While some mathematical background is needed, the emphasis of the book is not on mathematical rigor, but on modeling realistic situations encountered in business and economics. It applies optimal control theory to the functional areas of management including finance, production and marketing, as well as the economics of growth and of natural resources. In addition, it features material on stochastic Nash and Stackelberg differential games and an adverse selection model in the principal-agent framework. Exercises are included in each chapter, while the answers to selected exercises help deepen readers’ understanding of the material covered. Also included are appendices of supplementary material on the solution of differential equations, the calculus of variations and its ties to the maximum principle, and special topics including the Kalman filter, certainty equivalence, singular control, a global saddle point theorem, Sethi-Skiba points, and distributed parameter systems. Optimal control methods are used to determine optimal ways to control a dynamic system. The theoretical work in this field serves as the foundation for the book, in which the author applies it to business management problems developed from his own research and classroom instruction. The new edition has been refined and updated, making it a valuable resource for graduate courses on applied optimal control theory, but also for financial and industrial engineers, economists, and operational researchers interested in applying dynamic optimization in their fields.
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Business and economics, Economics, Politics and government
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This two-volume book examines the most important global problem—the recovery of the social-economic crises due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This economic…
crisis has its own basis and differs from others by the lockdown of most businesses on the decision of authorities. The uncertainty of the future economic revival obliges scientists around the world to unite in search of effective solutions that will become the basis for prosperity and human wellbeing. The death of millions of people around the world, several waves of coronavirus, and a global pandemic have forced most states to seek extraordinary measures to save people and revive economic activity. The world economy experienced a global shock, probably never experienced before due to lockdowns. The disruptions and gaps in the value chains were primarily caused by the lockdowns of enterprises. The change in the essence of the economic crisis has raised the question of how to overcome it and revive economic activity. The crisis caused a sharp decline in incomes of the population around the world, which led to social upheavals. Post-COVID economic revival in a globalized world has become the most important problem of our time. This book offers contributions of authors from different countries and explores problem solving in the fields of public administration (Volume I, Part I), financial services (Volume I, Part II), different branches (Volume II, Part III) and the social sector (Volume II, Part IV). The second volume of the book is devoted problems in sectors of the economy, such as agriculture, tourism, aircraft, the automotive industry, electricity, culture, etc. The second part of the second volume examines trends in the revival in the social sector—medicine, pharmaceuticals, the labor market and social insurance. Despite the fact that the book is divided into two volumes and four parts, a holistic and systematic perception of the new reality of the post-COVID age can be obtained by reading the entire book. This book will be of interest to academics and practitioners in public administration and economics, particularly those who are interested in Post-COVID economic revival.
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Economics, General non-fiction
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This book mainly focuses on the miracle of China’s foreign trade in the past 40 years from five perspectives: first,…
it briefly reviews the import substitution strategy China adopted before its opening-up; second, it analyzes the export-oriented strategy that contributes a lot to China’s economic growth since 1980s; third, it discusses the impacts of trade liberalization and China’s participation in WTO on Chinese firms; forth, it addresses the deepening opening-up in the context of global financial crisis; last, it provides policy advice on China’s newly conducted all-around opening-up strategy. By dividing China’s opening-up into five stages, this book offers a comprehensive discussion to understand and analyze the reason, performance and challenge of China’s economic growth from the perspective of foreign trade.
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Economics, Laws and statutes, Law and crime
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This book offers an exciting overview of how the investor-state dispute settlement mechanism currently deals with allegations and/or evidence of…
fraud and corruption. It provides a detailed analysis of the legal framework under which arbitral tribunals usually operate in investment disputes involving allegations of illegality. Readers will find step-by-step examinations of the corruption and fraud arguments employed by arbitral tribunals in ten landmark ISDS cases, followed by a chapter summarizing the status quo on the topic. The final part of the book discusses the identified challenges of addressing illegality issues in investment arbitration and potential solutions, including the creation of a multilateral investment court.
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Business and economics, Economics, General non-fiction
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In light of the growing global economic importance of East Asia, this book analyzes and compares the extraordinary development paths…
and strategies of Japan, South Korea, and China. It examines both the factors that enabled these countries’ prolonged periods of high-speed economic growth, and the reasons for their subsequent “cool-downs.” In addition, the book illustrates how their development strategies served as role models for one another, and what current and future developing countries can learn from the East Asian success stories. This book will appeal to scholars and students of economics and development studies with an interest in the East Asian development model.
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Business and economics, Economics
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This book examines the origins of the IS-LM model, one of the most significant innovations in the history of economic…
thought. It shows that the complete IS-LM model, including the equations and diagram, was produced by a group of economists who contributed their respective mathematical models of Keynes’s General Theory, including Champernowne, Reddaway, Harrod, and Meade, not to mention Hicks. Furthermore, the book discusses the implications of newly discovered archival material, including a previously overlooked document showing that John Maynard Keynes himself was the first to present the IS-LM model equations in a lecture he gave on December 4, 1933. It focuses on the implications of this material in terms of understanding the evolution of Keynes’s approach from 1933 to 1937, later interpreters of his General Theory, and the ongoing debate between Keynesians and Post-Keynesians on the nature of his system. Given the revelations it presents, this book will transform the profession’s understanding of the origins of the IS-LM model and modern macroeconomics.
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Economics, Politics and government, Science and technology
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Viel ist jüngst zu lesen von disruptiven Technologien, von Elektromobilität und von Wasserstoffstrategien. Wie der Weg dahin ausgesehen hat, was…
es bedeutet, eine disruptive Technologie zu etablieren und wie facettenreich die Widerstände sein können, das wissen die wenigsten. Die spannende Geschichte aus ihrer persönlichen Sicht und ihrer persönlichen Erfahrung heraus erzählen die beiden Autoren Werner Tillmetz und André Martin. Mit beeindruckenden Erlebnissen, stimulierenden Erfolgen und frustrierenden Rückschlägen schildern sie, wie die Entwicklung der Brennstoffzellentechnologie auch auf internationaler Ebene verlief. Sie zeigen am Fallbeispiel der Brennstoffzelle für die Elektromobilität, welche Erfolgsfaktoren für eine Basisinnovation gegeben sein müssen, wie andere Länder an eine Energiestrategie herangehen und was sich daraus lernen lässt. Anekdoten von Wegbegleitern runden das Bild auf unterhaltsame Weise ab. Das Buch eignet sich für technikinteressierte Laien ebenso wie für alle, die sich für Brennstoffzellen und Wasserstoff sowie das Thema Innovationen interessieren.Prof. Dr. Werner Tillmetz hat in angewandter Elektrochemie promoviert und treibt seit 1987 in unterschiedlichen Positionen und Unternehmen Brennstoffzellen, Wasserstoff und Batterien voran. Er wirkte in zahlreichen Gremien wie der Nationalen Plattform Elektromobilität mit, ist Mitglied im Beirat der Nationalen Organisation Wasserstoff und Brennstoffzellen und unterstützt internationale Unternehmen mit seiner ExpertiseAndré Martin ist Diplomvolkswirt, war u.a. als Vorstand der Ballard Power Systems AG über 20 Jahre in Führungspositionen der Brennstoffzellenindustrie tätig, bereitete von 2007–2009 die Joint Technology Initiative Brennstoffzellen und H2 in Brüssel vor und war bis 2020 Aufsichtsratsmitglied der Powercell, Schweden. Er war langjähriger Vorstand des Deutschen Wasserstoff- u. Brennstoffzellen-Verbands und ist gegenwärtig als freier Berater tätig
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Economics, Computers and internet, General non-fiction, Science and technology
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Decarbonization through optimized energy flows. In this book you will learn how a significant reduction in climate changing greenhouse gas…
emissions can be achieved through systemic optimization of our energy systems. The authors clearly demonstrate how energy-intensive processes can be optimized flexibly by using technology-neutral simulation methods to ensure that significantly fewer greenhouse gases are emitted.Such field-tested, data-based energy models described in this publication prove that "digital decarbonization" enables an economy that releases significantly fewer climate changing emissions while maintaining its production output. This is a promising message in view of ongoing climate change.
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Economics, Business and economics, Science and technology
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In 1865, economist William Stanley Jevons published The Coal Question, describing the crucial role that coal played in British economic…
development. Here, he enunciated what has come to be known as the Jevons paradox, which stated that improvements in resource efficiency leads to greater resource use as the expansion of scale occasioned by lower operating costs overwhelms the savings due to greater efficiency. The implications for any sustainability scenario are enormous and a major theme of this book. While The Coal Question provided the theory that was a precursor to peak oil and resource limits to growth, it was followed six years later by the Theory of Political Economy, the first English-language work of neoclassical economics, which denies the importance of energy as a special commodity. In spite of this apparent contradiction, in this book biophysical economist Kent Klitgaard makes clear that there is no epistemological break between The Coal Question and Theory of Political Economy. Indeed, the Jevons paradox makes little sense in the absence of a behavioral theory grounded in marginal utility, which recognizes the satisfaction that each of us gains as consumers of one more unit of a good or service. Jevons could not solve this paradox in light of his belief that coal mines were becoming exhausted and more expensive to operate, and that there was no substitute for coal. However, he was uninterested in questions of sustainability; rather, he wanted to maintain British industrial and imperial dominance. Did the eventual substitution of oil for coal simply allow us to run through other resources at an accelerated rate? Indeed, the petroleum economy of the 20th and early 21st centuries has presented vastly expanded opportunities for the operation of the Jevons Paradox. This book shows the connections among the different paradoxes in Jevons’ work, and exposes the potentially fatal flaws that confound technological solutions to the sustainability challenge.
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Arts and entertainment, Economics, Business and economics
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This book presents research on energy poverty alleviation, approaching the complex phenomenon topic holistically and with heterogeneity. It includes contributions…
from research teams studying the topic at a national, regional and local levels worldwide. The book is divided in two main blocks. The first part, New Approaches, involves novel assessments and concepts from a global and multidisciplinary point of view. The second part, Contexts, offers new theoretical diagnoses focused on case studies of different scales from around the world, and concepts for future trends. Energy Poverty Alleviation will be of interest to policy makers, stakeholders, academics and researchers with knowledge in the energy poverty field.