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The interplay between clothes and social order in early modern societies is well known. Differences in dress and hierarchies of…
appearances coincided with and structured social hierarchies and notions of difference. However, clothes did not merely reproduce set social patterns. They were agents of change, actively used by individuals and groups to make claims and transgress formal boundaries. This was not least the case for the revolutionary decades of the late eighteenth century, the period in focus of this book. Unlike previous studies on sumptuary laws and other legal actions taken by governments and formal power holders, this book offers a broader and more everyday perspective on late eighteenth-century sartorial discourse. In 1773, there was a publicly announced prize competition on the advantages and disadvantages of a national dress in Sweden. Departing from the submitted replies, the study opens a window onto the sartorial world. Several fields of cultural history are brought together: social culture in terms of order, hierarchies, and notions of difference; sartorial culture with contemporary views on dress and moral aspects of sartorial practices; and visual culture in terms of sartorial means of making a difference and the emphasis on the necessity of a legible social order.Science, Culture and National Identity in Francoist Spain, 1939–1959
By Marició Janué i Miret, Albert Presas i Puig. 2021
This book examines the role that science and culture held as instruments of nationalization policies during the first phase of…
the Franco regime in Spain. It considers the reciprocal relationship between political legitimacy and developments in science and culture, and explores the ‘nationalization’ efforts in Spain in the 1940s and 1950s, via the complex process of transmitting narratives of national identity, through ideas, representations and homogenizing practices. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, the volume features insights into how scientific and cultural language and symbols were used to formulate national identity, through institutions, resource distribution and specific national policies. Split into five parts, the collection considers policies in the Francoist ‘New State’, the role of women in these debates, and perspectives on the nationalization and internationalization efforts that made use of scientific and cultural spheres. Chapters also feature insights into cinema, literature, cultural diplomacy, mathematics and technology in debates on Catalonia, the Nuclear Energy Board, the Spanish National Research Council, and how scientific tools in Spain in this era fed into wider geopolitics with America and onto the UNESCO stage.Aeroscopics: Media of the Bird's-Eye View
By Patrick Ellis. 2021
In 1900, Paris had no skyscrapers, no tourist helicopters, no drones. Yet well before aviation made aerial views more accessible,…
those who sought such vantages had countless options available to them. They could take in the vista from an observation ride, see a painting of the view from Notre-Dame, or overlook a miniature model city. In Aeroscopics, Patrick Ellis offers a history of the view from above, written from below. Richly illustrated and premised upon extensive archival work, this interdisciplinary study reveals the forgotten media available to the public in the Balloon Era and after. Ellis resurrects these neglected spectacles as "aeroscopics," opening up new possibilities for the history of aerial vision.Nazi Wives: The Women at the Top of Hitler's Germany
By James Wyllie. 2019
Nazi Wives is a fascinating look at the personal lives, psychological profiles, and marriages of the wives of officers in…
Hitler's inner circle.Goering, Goebbels, Himmler, Heydrich, Hess, Bormann—names synonymous with power and influence in the Third Reich. Perhaps less familiar are Carin, Emmy, Magda, Margaret, Lina, Ilse and Gerda... These are the women behind the infamous men—complex individuals with distinctive personalities who were captivated by Hitler and whose everyday lives were governed by Nazi ideology. Throughout the rise and fall of Nazism these women loved and lost, raised families and quarreled with their husbands and each other, all the while jostling for position with the Fuhrer himself. Until now, they have been treated as minor characters, their significance ignored, as if they were unaware of their husbands' murderous acts, despite the evidence that was all around them: the stolen art on their walls, the slave labor in their homes, and the produce grown in concentration camps on their tables.James Wyllie's Nazi Wives explores these women in detail for the first time, skillfully interweaving their stories through years of struggle, power, decline and destruction into the post-war twilight of denial and delusion.The Rise of Euroskepticism: Europe and Its Critics in Spanish Culture
By Luis Martin-Estudillo. 2018
Electronic open access edition funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities. Covering from 1915 to the present, this book…
deals with the role that artists and intellectuals have played regarding projects of European integration. Consciously or not, they partake of a tradition of Euroskepticism. Because Euroskepticism is often associated with the discourse of political elites, its literary and artistic expressions have gone largely unnoticed. This book addresses that gap. Taking Spain as a case study, author Luis Martín-Estudillo analyzes its conflict over its own Europeanness or exceptionalism, as well as the European view of Spain. He ranges from canonical writers like Unamuno, Ortega y Gasset, and Zambrano to new media artists like Valeriano López, Carlos Spottorno, and Santiago Sierra. Martín-Estudillo provides a new context for the current refugee crisis, the North-South divide among EU countries, and the generalized disaffection toward the project of European integration. The eclipsed critical tradition he discusses contributes to a deeper understanding of the notion of Europe and its institutional embodiments. It gives resonance to the intellectual and cultural history of Europe's "peripheries" and re-evaluates Euroskeptic contributions as one of the few hopes left to imagine ways to renew the promise of a union of the European nations.This book is about the intersection of two evolving dance-historical realms—theory and practice—during the first two decades of the eighteenth…
century. France was the source of works on notation, choreography, and repertoire that dominated European dance practice until the 1780s. While these French inventions were welcomed and used in Germany, German dance writers responded by producing an important body of work on dance theory. This book examines consequences in Germany of this asymmetrical confrontation of dance perspectives. Between 1703 and 1717 in Germany, a coherent theory of dance was postulated that called itself dance theory, comprehended why it was a theory, and clearly, rationally distinguished itself from practice. This flowering of dance-theoretical writing was contemporaneous with the appearance of Beauchamps-Feuillet notation in the Chorégraphie of Raoul Auger Feuillet (Paris, 1700, 1701). Beauchamps-Feuillet notation was the ideal written representation of the dance style known as la belle danse and practiced in both the ballroom and the theater. Its publication enabled the spread of belle danse to the French provinces and internationally. This spread encouraged the publication of new practical works (manuals, choreographies, recueils) on how to make steps and how to dance current dances, as well as of new dance treatises, in different languages. The Rechtschaffener Tantzmeister, by Gottfried Taubert (Leipzig, 1717), includes a translated edition of Feuillet’s Chorégraphie. Theory and Practice in Eighteenth-Century Dance addresses how Taubert and his contemporary German authors of dance treatises (Samuel Rudolph Behr, Johann Pasch, Louis Bonin) became familiar with Beauchamps-Feuillet notation and acknowledged the Chorégraphie in their own work, and how Taubert’s translation of the Chorégraphie spread its influence northward and eastward in Europe. This book also examines the personal and literary interrelationships between the German writers on dance between 1703 and 1717 and their invention of a theoria of dance as a counterbalance to dance praxis, comparing their dance-theoretical ideas with those of John Weaver in England, and assimilating them all in a cohesive and inclusive description of dance theory in Europe by 1721. Published by University of Delaware Press. Distributed worldwide by Rutgers University Press.Erasmus: Intellectual of the 16th Century
By Nathan Ron. 2021
This book is a sequel to Nathan Ron's Erasmus and the “Other.” Should we consider Erasmus an involved or public intellectual…
alongside figures such as Machiavelli, Milton, Locke, Voltaire, and Montesquieu? Was Erasmus really an independent intellectual? In Ron's estimation, Erasmus did not fully live up to his professed principles of Christian peace. Despite the anti-war preaching so eminent in his writings, he made no stand against the warlike and expansionist foreign policies of specific European kings of his era, and even praised the glory won by Francis I on the battlefield of Marignano (1515). Furthermore, in the face of Henry VIII’s execution of his beloved Thomas More and John Fisher, and the atrocities committed by the Spanish against indigenous peoples in the New World, Erasmus preferred self-censorship to expressions of protest or criticism and did not step forward to reproach kings of their misdeeds or crimes.A incrível história de António Salazar, o ditador que morreu duas vezes
By Marco Ferrari. 2020
Esta é a história do princípio do fim de um ditador. Uma investigação minuciosa a um período em que a…
realidade superou a ficção: a queda de Salazar - da cadeira, do poder e da vida. Um livro importante e admirável do jornalista italiano Marco Ferrari. A 3 de Agosto de 1968, no forte de Santo António da Barra, António de Oliveira Salazar, líder da mais longa ditadura europeia, preparava-se para arranjar os pés com o seu calista quando, inesperadamente, a cadeira onde se sentara parte-se e o ditador cai redondo, batendo com a cabeça na pedra dura do chão. O período que se seguiu roçaria o insólito, com uma longa e barroca encenação de poder e normalidade até ao dia da morte de facto do ditador. Na sequência da famosa queda da cadeira, Marcello Caetano é chamado a substituir Salazar no cargo de presidente do Conselho. No entanto, num país dividido entre os que apoiavam o regime e os que eram aterrorizados pela mão-de-ferro repressiva da PIDE, a situação semicomatosa de Salazar foi mantida em segredo, inclusive do próprio. Ao longo dos dois anos seguintes, o seu gabinete encenava, diariamente, uma farsa para manter o ditador na ignorância sobre a mais real das quedas: a do poder. Reuniões de conselho e visitas de Estado, entrevistas de rádio e televisão, até uma impressão diária exclusiva do Diário de Notícias - um quotidiano imaginário e escrupulosamente montado para manter na ilusão de poder o líder de um governo autoritário e brutal, responsável pela morte de 22 800 portugueses. Baseando-se nos testemunhos recolhidos dos 20. 000 resistentes presos pela PIDE e das suas práticas implacáveis de terror, Marco Ferrari, escritor e jornalista, devolve à nossa memória colectiva a verdade sobre os dois estranhos anos em que Portugal viveu em coma, com um velho ditador que já não o era. Uma investigação minuciosa a um período em que a realidade superou a ficção: a queda de Salazar - da cadeira, do poder e da vida. Um livro importante e admirável que nos relembra a aversão do poder à mudança e quão ridículo e devastador é o autoritarismo.Barbarians in the Sagas of Icelanders: Homegrown Stereotypes and Foreign Influences
By William H. Norman. 2022
This book explores accounts in the Sagas of Icelanders of encounters with foreign peoples, both abroad and in Iceland, who…
are portrayed according to stereotypes which vary depending on their origins. Notably, inhabitants of the places identified in the sagas as Írland, Skotland and Vínland are portrayed as being less civilized than the Icelanders themselves. This book explores the ways in which the Íslendingasögur emphasize this relative barbarity through descriptions of diet, material culture, style of warfare and character. These characteristics are discussed in relation to parallel descriptions of Icelandic characters and lifestyle within the Íslendingasögur, and also in the context of a tradition in contemporary European literature, which portrayed the Icelanders themselves as barbaric. Comparisons are made with descriptions of barbarians in classical Roman texts, primarily Sallust, but also Caesar and Tacitus, showing striking similarities between Roman and Icelandic ideas about barbarians.Arrancados da Terra
By Lira Neto. 2021
Uma história dos judeus sefarditas. Expulsos de Portugal pela Inquisição, refugiaram-se na Holanda, ocuparam o Brasil e fizeram Nova Iorque…
Com prefácio de Esther Mucznick «É um grande livro, doloroso nalgumas coisas, mas um excelente livro que eu recomendo vivamente.» Paulo Portas Entre os séculos XVI e XVIII, ser judeu em Portugal e respetivas colónias significava viver sob um regime de terror permanente. A Inquisição, ou Tribunal do Santo Ofício, constituía um autêntico Estado dentro do Estado, com poderes absolutos na repressão a crimes religiosos, dos quais professar o judaísmo era um dos mais graves. Denunciados por inimigos, ou mesmo por parentes sob a coação dos inquisidores, os judeus que recusavam a conversão sumária eram submetidos a prolongadas prisões e torturas. Insistir no «danado erro» da apostasia levava à fogueira. Restava-lhes esconderem-se ou fugirem. Milhares de judeus sefarditas abandonaram Portugal e fixaram-se noutros países europeus, nomeadamente na Holanda, em cuja capital se desenvolveu uma próspera colónia israelita de origem lusitana nas primeiras décadas do século XVII. A salvo da censura e da repressão, floresceu uma brilhante geração de rabinos, intelectuais e pensadores revolucionários. Depois da invasão holandesa do Nordeste brasileiro, na década de 1630, muitos judeus cruzaram o oceano para aí tentar uma vida melhor. E aí prosperaram, até ao retorno do jugo português e da Inquisição, que os obrigou a recomeçar a sua jornada incessante em busca da Nova Canaã. Dos cárceres do Santo Ofício à esperança do Novo Mundo, o reputado jornalista e biógrafo Lira Neto mapeia as vidas errantes dos pioneiros que formaram a primeira comunidade judaica das Américas, no Recife, e que ajudaram a construir Nova Iorque.Early Modern Trauma: Europe and the Atlantic World (Early Modern Cultural Studies)
By Erin Peters, Cynthia Richards. 2021
The term trauma refers to a wound or rupture that disorients, causing suffering and fear. Trauma theory has been heavily…
shaped by responses to modern catastrophes, and as such trauma is often seen as inherently linked to modernity. Yet psychological and cultural trauma as a result of distressing or disturbing experiences is a human phenomenon that has been recorded across time and cultures. The long seventeenth century (1598–1715) has been described as a period of almost continuous warfare, and the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries saw the development of modern slavery, colonialism, and nationalism, and witnessed plagues, floods, and significant sociopolitical, economic, and religious transformation. In Early Modern Trauma editors Erin Peters and Cynthia Richards present a variety of ways early modern contemporaries understood and narrated their experiences. Studying accounts left by those who experienced extreme events increases our understanding of the contexts in which traumatic experiences have been constructed and interpreted over time and broadens our understanding of trauma theory beyond the contemporary Euro-American context while giving invaluable insights into some of the most pressing issues of today.A gateway to the West and an outpost for eastern capital and culture, St. Louis straddled not only geographical and…
political divides but also cultural, racial, and sectional ones. At the same time, it connected a vast region as a gathering place of peoples, cultures, and goods. The essays in this collection contextualize St. Louis, exploring French-Native relations, the agency of empire in the Illinois Country, the role of women in &“mapping&” the French colonial world, fashion and identity, and commodities and exchange in St. Louis as part of a broader politics of consumption in colonial America. The collection also provides a comparative perspective on America&’s two great Creole cities, St. Louis and New Orleans. Lastly, it looks at the Frenchness of St. Louis in the nineteenth century and the present.French St. Louis recasts the history of St. Louis and reimagines regional development in the early American republic, shedding light on its francophone history.The Normans: A History of Conquest
By Trevor Rowley. 2021
A powerful and evocative portrait of the Norman Conquest of Europe, revealing the permanent cultural and political legacy that resulted…
in their ascendency.The Norman&’s conquering of the known world was a phenomenon unlike anything Europe had seen up to that point in history. They emerged early in the tenth century but had disappeared from world affairs by the mid-thirteenth century. Yet in that time they had conquered England, Ireland, much of Wales and parts of Scotland. They also founded a new Mediterranean kingdom in southern Italy and Sicily, as well as a Crusader state in the Holy Land and in North Africa. Moreover, they had an extraordinary ability to adapt as time and place dictated, taking on the role of Norse invaders to Frankish crusaders, from Byzantine overlords to feudal monarchs. Drawing on archaeological and historical evidence, Trevor Rowley offers a comprehensive picture of the Normans and argues that despite the short time span of Norman ascendancy, it is clear that they were responsible for a permanent cultural and political legacy.Pastoral Song: A Farmer's Journey
By James Rebanks. 2020
A gorgeous and enduring portrait of the regeneration of a traditional farm in England’s Lake District International Bestseller * Named…
"Nature Book of the Year" by the Sunday Times * Shortlisted for the the Orwell Prize and the Royal Society of Literature's Ondaatje Prize * A BEST BOOK OF THE YEAR: Sunday Times, Financial Times, New Statesman, Independent, Telegraph, Observer, and Daily Mail"A MASTERPIECE. ... A poetic, practical, raw, and almost miraculously detailed picture of this ancient way of life struggling to survive and to be reborn." ―New StatesmanThe New York Times bestselling author of The Shepherd’s Life chronicles his family’s farm across three generations, revealing through this intimate lens the profound global transformation of agriculture and of the human relationship to the land.As a boy, James Rebanks's grandfather taught him to work the land the old way. Their family farm in the Lake District hills was part of an ancient agricultural landscape: a patchwork of crops and meadows, of pastures grazed with livestock, and hedgerows teeming with wildlife. And yet, by the time James inherited the farm, it was barely recognizable. The men and women had vanished from the fields; the old stone barns had crumbled; the skies had emptied of birds and their wind-blown song.Hailed as "a brilliant, beautiful book" by the Sunday Times (London), Pastoral Song (published in the United Kingdom under the title English Pastoral) is the story of an inheritance: one that affects us all. It tells of how rural landscapes around the world were brought close to collapse, and the age-old rhythms of work, weather, community and wild things were lost. And yet this elegy from the northern fells is also a song of hope: of how, guided by the past, one farmer began to salvage a tiny corner of England that was now his, doing his best to restore the life that had vanished and to leave a legacy for the future.This is a book about what it means to have love and pride in a place, and how, against all the odds, it may still be possible to build a new pastoral: not a utopia, but somewhere decent for us all.[Published in the United Kingdom as English Pastoral.]The Viking Heart: How Scandinavians Conquered the World
By Arthur Herman. 2021
&“A stirring investigation of the Scandinavian influence on our times, both past and present. You won&’t look at the world…
the same way again.&”—Neal Bascomb, New York Times best-selling author of The Winter FortressFrom a New York Times best-selling historian and Pulitzer Prize finalist, a sweeping epic of how the Vikings and their descendants have shaped history and America Scandinavia has always been a world apart. For millennia Norwegians, Danes, Finns, and Swedes lived a remote and rugged existence among the fjords and peaks of the land of the midnight sun. But when they finally left their homeland in search of opportunity, these wanderers—including the most famous, the Vikings—would reshape Europe and beyond. Their ingenuity, daring, resiliency, and loyalty to family and community would propel them to the gates of Rome, the steppes of Russia, the courts of Constantinople, and the castles of England and Ireland. But nowhere would they leave a deeper mark than across the Atlantic, where the Vikings&’ legacy would become the American Dream.In The Viking Heart, Arthur Herman melds a compelling historical narrative with cutting-edge archaeological and DNA research to trace the epic story of this remarkable and diverse people. He shows how the Scandinavian experience has universal meaning, and how we can still be inspired by their indomitable spirit.Born and raised in Milwaukee, Mildred Harnack was twenty-six when she enrolled in a PhD program in Germany and witnessed…
the meteoric rise of the Nazi party. In 1932, she began holding secret meetings in her apartment—a small band of political activists that by 1940 had grown into the largest underground resistance group in Berlin. She recruited working-class Germans into the resistance, helped Jews escape, plotted acts of sabotage, and collaborated in writing leaflets that denounced Hitler and called for revolution. Her coconspirators circulated through Berlin under the cover of night, slipping the leaflets into mailboxes, public restrooms, phone booths. When the first shots of the Second World War were fired, she became a spy, couriering top-secret intelligence to the Allies. On the eve of her escape to Sweden, she was ambushed by the Gestapo. At a Nazi military court, a panel of five judges sentenced her to six years at a prison camp, but Hitler overruled the decision and ordered her execution. On February 16, 1943, she was strapped to a guillotine and beheaded. Historians identify Mildred Harnack as the only American in the leadership of the German resistance, yet her remarkable story has remained almost unknown until now.Harnack’s great-great-niece Rebecca Donner draws on her extensive archival research in Germany, Russia, England, and the U.S. as well as newly uncovered documents in her family archive to produce this astonishing work of narrative nonfiction. Fusing elements of biography, real-life political thriller, and scholarly detective story, Donner brilliantly interweaves letters, diary entries, notes smuggled out of a Berlin prison, survivors&’ testimony, and a trove of declassified intelligence documents into a powerful, epic story, reconstructing the moral courage of an enigmatic woman nearly erased by history. A New York Times BestsellerThe European Left and the Jewish Question, 1848-1992: Between Zionism and Antisemitism
By Alessandra Tarquini. 2021
This book examines how left-wing political and cultural movements in Western Europe have considered Jews in the last two hundred…
years. The chapters seek to answer the following question: has there been a specific way in which the Left has considered Jewish minorities? The subject has taken various shapes in the different geographical contexts, influenced by national specificities. In tandem, this volume demonstrates the extent to which left-wing movements share common trends drawn from a collective repertoire of representations and meanings. Highlighting the different aspects of the subject matter, the chapters in this book are divided in three parts, each dedicated to a major theme: the contribution of the theorists of Socialism to the Jewish Question; Antisemitism and its representations in left-wing culture; and the perception of the Arab-Israeli conflict. Taken together, these three themes allow for a multidisciplinary analysis of the relationship between the Left and Jews from the second half of the nineteenth century to recent times.Sociology in Germany: A History (Sociology Transformed)
By Stephan Moebius. 2021
This open access book traces the development of sociology in Germany from the late 19th century to the present day,…
providing a concise overview of the main actors, institutional processes, theories, methods, topics and controversies. Throughout the book, the author relates the discipline’s history to its historical, economic, political and cultural contexts. The book begins with sociology in the German Reich, the Weimar Republic, National Socialism and exile, before exploring sociology after 1945 as a ‘key discipline’ of the young Federal Republic of Germany, and reconstructing the periods from 1945 to 1968 and from 1968 to 1990. The final chapters are devoted to sociology in the German Democratic Republic and the period from 1990 to the present day. This work will appeal to students and scholars of sociology, and to a general readership interested in the history of Germany.Lion Rampant
By Bernard Knight. 2016
A historical epic by Bernard Knight, Lion Rampant is set in medieval Wales and features the tale of Nest, a…
princess known as 'the Welsh Helen of Troy'. Nest was a lover of King Henry I of England, married the steward of a Pembrokeshire castle (giving rise to the FitzStephen and FitzGerald families, including Gerald of Wales), and was later abducted by a marauding Welsh noble. This is the story of the adventure, intrigue, and warfare in the various kingdoms of Wales during the twelfth century.WINNER OF THE 2015 COSTA BIOGRAPHY AWARDWINNER OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY SCIENCE BOOK PRIZE 2016'A thrilling adventure story' Bill Bryson'Dazzling'…
Literary Review 'Brilliant' Sunday Express'Extraordinary and gripping' New Scientist'A superb biography' The Economist'An exhilarating armchair voyage' GILES MILTON, Mail on Sunday Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) is the great lost scientist - more things are named after him than anyone else. There are towns, rivers, mountain ranges, the ocean current that runs along the South American coast, there's a penguin, a giant squid - even the Mare Humboldtianum on the moon. His colourful adventures read like something out of a Boy's Own story: Humboldt explored deep into the rainforest, climbed the world's highest volcanoes and inspired princes and presidents, scientists and poets alike. Napoleon was jealous of him; Simon Bolívar's revolution was fuelled by his ideas; Darwin set sail on the Beagle because of Humboldt; and Jules Verne's Captain Nemo owned all his many books. He simply was, as one contemporary put it, 'the greatest man since the Deluge'.Taking us on a fantastic voyage in his footsteps - racing across anthrax-infected Russia or mapping tropical rivers alive with crocodiles - Andrea Wulf shows why his life and ideas remain so important today. Humboldt predicted human-induced climate change as early as 1800, and The Invention of Nature traces his ideas as they go on to revolutionize and shape science, conservation, nature writing, politics, art and the theory of evolution. He wanted to know and understand everything and his way of thinking was so far ahead of his time that it's only coming into its own now. Alexander von Humboldt really did invent the way we see nature.