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Computers and internet, Physics, Science and technology
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This book gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of computational engineering, as presented by leading international…
researchers and engineers at the 27th International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences (ICCES), held online on January 8-12, 2022. ICCES covers all aspects of applied sciences and engineering: theoretical, analytical, computational, and experimental studies and solutions of problems in the physical, chemical, biological, mechanical, electrical, and mathematical sciences. As such, the book discusses highly diverse topics, including composites; bioengineering & biomechanics; geotechnical engineering; offshore & arctic engineering; multi-scale & multi-physics fluid engineering; structural integrity & longevity; materials design & simulation; and computer modeling methods in engineering. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations.
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Science and technology, Physics
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Meso- to Neoarchean is a critical transitional period for the formation and evolution of continental crust and the corresponding geodynamic…
mechanisms, during which the average composition of continental crust gradually shifted from Na-enriched to K-enriched. However, the ultimate source of K and its enrichment mechanism in continental crust are still enigmatic. Moreover, fierce controversies remain on the Precambrian subdivision and late Archean geodynamic models of the North China Craton (NCC). Archean basement terranes in the Eastern Hebei-Western Liaoning Provinces, northern NCC display characteristic lithological zonation similar to those developed in modern convergent plate margins, and from northwest to southeast can be subdivided into the MORB-type tholeiite belt, oceanic arc tectonic belt, and K-rich granitoid belt. This book reports systematic field geological, petrographic, structural, whole-rock geochemical, and zircon U-Pb-Hf-O isotopic data for the various late Neoarchean lithological assemblages of the K-rich granitoid belt. Their deformational characteristics and petrogenesis are discussed in detail, and integrated with their spatiotemporal relationships and metamorphic features, a late Neoarchean active continental margin setting with multi-stage trench retreats and subsequent arc-continent collision is proposed to account for the formation and evolution of the K-rich granitoid belt. It also throws light upon the ultimate source and enrichment mechanism of K in the late Archean continental crust by comparing K-rich granitoid belt with the adjacent oceanic arc tectonic belt.
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Science and technology, Physics
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2022 marks the 45th anniversary of the Voyager probe launches. Launched into space in 1977, these twin probes explored the…
farthest reaches of the Solar System before venturing on a one-way journey beyond, all the while testing the bounds of science, robotic exploration and our collective imagination. This heavily revised commemorative book takes a comprehensive look at their incredible achievements, future potential and overall legacy.Chronicled herein is an epic journey to unveil the mysterious outer reaches of the Solar System for the first time. The book recounts the Voyagers’ travels through the asteroid belt and past the giant gaseous planets Jupiter and Saturn, as well as Voyager 2’s forays near the distant ice giants Uranus and Neptune. Each chapter details in full the game-changing scientific data and glorious imagery they sent back to Earth.This new edition incorporates all the new data we have learned in the nearly 20 years since its original publication, discussing how the knowledge first gleaned with Voyager has been built upon in subsequent decades by Cassini, Juno and New Horizons.The Voyager probes captured imaginations around the world; now is an opportune time to reflect on their unparalleled quest across the edges of the Solar System and the enigmatic interstellar medium beyond.
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Science and technology, Physics
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Dieser Band der Astrophysik-Aktuell-Reihe beschäftigt sich mit der astronautischen Raumfahrt. Er beginnt mit den ersten Vorstellungen der Menschen über ihren…
Platz im Kosmos und erzählt die Geschichte ihrer Pioniere. Über den heute erreichten Status geht es weiter mit einem Ausblick in die Zukunft, wenn eine große Zahl von Menschen permanent im Weltraum leben wird und ein neues Zeitalter der „Fernreisen“ beginnt. Kurzweilig und verständlich stellt Eugen Reichl diese Entwicklungen und Zukunftsprojekte dar, unterstützt mit Statistiken und vielen Abbildungen.Menschen im Weltraum präsentiert die Entwicklung und Zukunft der astronautischen Raumfahrt im Stil der Astrophysik-Aktuell-Reihe. In kompakter Form richtet es sich an Schülerinnen und Schüler der Oberstufen, an Lehrkräfte mit Schwerpunkt Physik und Astrophysik, Studierende der Astronomie sowie der Luft- und Raumfahrt, aber auch ganz allgemein an alle, die sich für das Abenteuer des Menschen im Weltraum begeistern.
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Science and technology, Physics
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The monograph is devoted to ball lightning (BL) observed in natural conditions in the air and artificial BL, long-lived luminous…
formations (LLF), usually obtained in laboratories experimentally. Joint consideration of artificial and natural BL emphasizes the need for a comprehensive analysis of such complex objects. It is the description of the study of the properties of artificial BL and LLF in the end of 20th and 21st centuries that allows the reader to better understand what and how can be experimentally simulated.
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Science and technology, Physics, Computers and internet
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Predicts that a convergence of quantum physics, computer science, and biotechnology will revolutionize civilization in the twenty-first century. Avers that…
humans will shift from being "passive observers" to "active choreographers of Nature" in the process
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Philosophy, Physics
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Physics is written in the language of mathematics, and its findings are based on thousands of experiments. But what kind…
of picture does physics paint of the world? What do theories like relativity or quantum mechanics contribute to it? How complete is this picture? This book sheds light on how the "things" these theories are about relate to our everyday things, and points out what questions remain unanswered and what problems are involved.In this book, the author presents how physics works, what it can and cannot do. In doing so, he describes the surprising answers that physics provides to many of our questions about the nature of "things" and the world; answers that challenge our intuition in many ways.This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Universum ohne Dinge by Jan-Markus Schwindt, published by Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature in 2020. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.
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Physics
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Eine noch geschlossene Weinflasche, ein Korkenzieher und ein Smartphone sind fraglos eine vielversprechende Kombination. Mit dem einen Gerät gute Freunde…
benachrichtigen und mit dem anderen den Korken aus der Flasche ziehen – was will man mehr? Vielleicht dürstet aber neben der Kehle auch der „Geist“! Mit diesem Buch üben Sie Ihre physikalische Achtsamkeit beim Weingenuss: Sie erfahren, wie man mit dem charakteristischen Plopp-Geräusch beim Öffnen der Flasche die Schallgeschwindigkeit bestimmen kann, wie man einen Wein am besten karaffiert, welche Besonderheiten Rotwein im Laserlicht zeigt und was Pythagoras mit Wein zu tun hat. Physik mit Barrique schafft die wunderbare Verbindung von Wissenschaft und Wein. Ein inspirierendes Sachbuch – mit Experimenten zum Mitmachen und Nachmachen oder einfach nur Genießen. Die Autoren Lutz Kasper hat Mathematik und Physik auf Lehramt in Hannover studiert und in Physikdidaktik an der Universität Potsdam promoviert. Seit 2011 ist er Professor für Physik und ihre Didaktik an der PH Schwäbisch Gmünd. Patrik Vogt hat sich nach einem Lehramtsstudium in Landau und dem Referendariat in Kaiserslautern im Jahr 2010 am Fachbereich „Natur- und Umweltwissenschaften“ der Universität Koblenz-Landau mit einer Arbeit zur Physikdidaktik promoviert. Nach mehreren Stationen als wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter und Realschullehrer leitet er seit 2019 den Fachbereich „Medienbildung, Mathematik, Naturwissenschaften, Musik, Philosophie“ am Institut für Lehrerfort- und -weiterbildung in Mainz. Seine Arbeitsschwerpunkte bilden die Einsatzmöglichkeiten mobiler Endgeräte im Physikunterricht, speziell als Messinstrument, die Aufgabenkultur sowie die Physik des Alltags.
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Physics
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Presents the science of colour from new perspectives and outlines results obtained from the authors&’ work in the mathematical theory…
of colour This innovative volume summarizes existing knowledge in the field, attempting to present as much data as possible about colour, accumulated in various branches of science (physics, phychophysics, colorimetry, physiology) from a unified theoretical position. Written by a colour specialist and a professional mathematician, the book offers a new theoretical framework based on functional analysis and convex analysis. Employing these branches of mathematics, instead of more conventional linear algebra, allows them to provide the knowledge required for developing techniques to measure colour appearance to the standards adopted in colorimetric measurements. The authors describe the mathematics in a language that is understandable for colour specialists and include a detailed overview of all chapters to help readers not familiar with colour science. Divided into two parts, the book first covers various key aspects of light colour, such as colour stimulus space, colour mechanisms, colour detection and discrimination, light-colour perception typology, and light metamerism. The second part focuses on object colour, featuring detailed coverage of object-colour perception in single- and multiple-illuminant scenes, object-colour solid, colour constancy, metamer mismatching, object-colour indeterminacy and more. Throughout the book, the authors combine differential geometry and topology with the scientific principles on which colour measurement and specification are currently based and applied in industrial applications. Presents a unique compilation of the author&’s substantial contributions to colour science Offers a new approach to colour perception and measurement, developing the theoretical framework used in colorimetry Bridges the gap between colour engineering and a coherent mathematical theory of colour Outlines mathematical foundations applicable to the colour vision of humans and animals as well as technologies equipped with artificial photosensors Contains algorithms for solving various problems in colour science, such as the mathematical problem of describing metameric lights Formulates all results to be accessible to non-mathematicians and colour specialistsFoundations of Colour Science: From Colorimetry to Perception is an invaluable resource for academics, researchers, industry professionals and undergraduate and graduate students with interest in a mathematical approach to the science of colour.
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Physics
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Un recorrido fascinante, desde el gato de Schrödinger hasta la computación cuántica, con uno de los físicos más prestigiosos de…
nuestro país. La física cuántica es uno de los mayores triunfos intelectuales del ser humano, tal vez el más grande. Alberto Casas, uno de los más reputados investigadores y divulgadores de nuestro país, nos lleva en este libro a través de un viaje por toda la historia de esta fascinante disciplina, desde el célebre gato de Schrödinger hasta la computación cuántica. De su mano, conoceremos sus orígenes, sus grandes ideas, sus principales protagonistas e incluso aquellas preguntas para las que aún no (y quién sabe si nunca) tendremos respuesta. Reseñas: «La revolución cuántica ofrece una presentación clara e intuitiva (pero rigurosa) de los conceptos fundamentales de la Mecánica Cuántica desde una perspectiva muy actual, sin necesidad de una base matemática. A diferencia de la mayoría de libros divulgativos dedicados a ella, la obra de Alberto Casas hace una introducción magistral a las cuestiones más candentes como la computación y criptografía cuánticas o la teleportación».Luis Ibáñez, Premio Nacional de Física «Este libro cubre, de una manera muy pedagógica y didáctica, todos los aspectos fundamentales de la física cuántica».Ignacio Cirac, Premio Príncipe de Asturias y Wolf de Física
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Physics, Science and technology, Humour
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The #1 New York Times bestselling author of What If? and How To answers more of the weirdest questions you…
never thought to ask The millions of people around the world who read and loved What If? still have questions, and those questions are getting stranger. Thank goodness xkcd creator Randall Munroe is here to help. Planning to ride a fire pole from the Moon back to Earth? The hardest part is sticking the landing. Hoping to cool the atmosphere by opening everyone&’s freezer door at the same time? Maybe it&’s time for a brief introduction to thermodynamics. Want to know what would happen if you rode a helicopter blade, built a billion-story building, made a lava lamp out of lava, or jumped on a geyser as it erupted? Okay, if you insist. Before you go on a cosmic road trip, feed the residents of New York City to a T. rex, or fill every church with bananas, be sure to consult this practical guide for impractical ideas. Unfazed by absurdity, Munroe consults the latest research on everything from swing-set physics to airliner catapult–design to answer his readers&’ questions, clearly and concisely. As he consistently demonstrates, you can learn a lot from examining how the world might work in very specific extreme circumstances
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Physics, Science and technology
Human-narrated audio
The acclaimed author of Einstein&’s Dreams tackles "big questions like the origin of the universe and the nature of consciousness…
... in an entertaining and easily digestible way&” ( Wall Street Journal ) with a collection of meditative essays on the possibilities—and impossibilities—of nothingness and infinity, and how our place in the cosmos falls somewhere in between. Can space be divided into smaller and smaller units, ad infinitum? Does space extend to larger and larger regions, on and on to infinity ? Is consciousness reducible to the material brain and its neurons? What was the origin of life, and can biologists create life from scratch in the lab? Physicist and novelist Alan Lightman, whom The Washington Post has called &“the poet laureate of science writers,&” explores these questions and more—from the anatomy of a smile to the capriciousness of memory to the specialness of life in the universe to what came before the Big Bang. Probable Impossibilities is a deeply engaged consideration of what we know of the universe, of life and the mind, and of things vastly larger and smaller than ourselves
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Science and technology, Physics
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This book tells the story of a unique scientific and human adventure, following the life and science of Bruno Touschek,…
an Austrian born physicist, who conceived and built AdA, the first matter-antimatter colliding-beam storage ring, the ancestor of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN where the Higgs Boson was discovered in 2012. Making extensive use of archival sources and personal correspondence, the author offers for the first time a unified history of European efforts to build modern-day particle accelerators, from the dark times of war-ravaged Europe up to the rebuilding of science in Germany, UK, Italy and France through the 1950s and early 1960s. This book, the result of several years of scholarly research work, includes numerous previously unpublished photos as well as original drawings by Bruno Touschek.
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General non-fiction, Physics, Science and technology
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This book provides a comprehensive survey of the Sharkovsky ordering, its different aspects and its role in dynamical systems theory…
and applications. It addresses the coexistence of cycles for continuous interval maps and one-dimensional spaces, combinatorial dynamics on the interval and multidimensional dynamical systems. Also featured is a short chapter of personal remarks by O.M. Sharkovsky on the history of the Sharkovsky ordering, the discovery of which almost 60 years ago led to the inception of combinatorial dynamics. Now one of cornerstones of dynamics, bifurcation theory and chaos theory, the Sharkovsky ordering is an important tool for the investigation of dynamical processes in nature. Assuming only a basic mathematical background, the book will appeal to students, researchers and anyone who is interested in the subject.
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Science fictionReligion, Physics, Science and technology
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This is an adventure that began almost fourteen billion years ago, one that so often threatened to fail. It's truly…
a miracle I'm still here. Despite everything, I wouldn't have wanted to miss one second of it. And the best is yet to come.With the help of an extraordinary narrator, you're invited to discover the wonder and drama of the history of the cosmos. In this story we follow the journey of one proton who comes into existence at the beginning of creation and makes it all the way through history to today. By becoming a part of atoms and molecules that turn up at some of the universe's most important moments, our friend Proton witnesses emerging galaxies, the origin of life, its evolution into a wild diversity of life forms, the first human beings, the birth and life of Jesus, the beginnings of the Christian church, all the way up to the present day. Through it all, the mysterious, seemingly unbelievable plans of the Creator continue to unfold. . . .DawnBioLogos Books on Science and Christianity invite us to see the harmony between the sciences and biblical faith on issues including cosmology, biology, paleontology, evolution, human origins, the environment, and more.
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Physics, Science and technology
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"A porthole into another world." —Scientific American"Brings science disseminationto a new level." —ScienceThe most trusted explainer of the most mind-boggling concepts…
pulls back the veil of mystery that has too long cloaked the most valuable building blocks of modern science. Sean Carroll, with his genius for making complex notions entertaining, presents in his uniquely lucid voice the fundamental ideas informing the modern physics of reality. Physics offers deep insights into the workings of the universe but those insights come in the form of equations that often look like gobbledygook. Sean Carroll shows that they are really like meaningful poems that can help us fly over sierras to discover a miraculous multidimensional landscape alive with radiant giants, warped space-time, and bewilderingly powerful forces. High school calculus is itself a centuries-old marvel as worthy of our gaze as the Mona Lisa. And it may come as a surprise the extent to which all our most cutting-edge ideas about black holes are built on the math calculus enables. No one else could so smoothly guide readers toward grasping the very equation Einstein used to describe his theory of general relativity. In the tradition of the legendary Richard Feynman lectures presented sixty years ago, this book is an inspiring, dazzling introduction to a way of seeing that will resonate across cultural and generational boundaries for many years to come.
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Science and technology, Physics
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“Who can ask for better cosmic tour guides?” —Michio Kaku Our true origins are not only human, or even terrestrial,…
but in fact cosmic. Drawing on recent scientific breakthroughs and cross-pollination among geology, biology, astrophysics, and cosmology, Origins illuminates the soul-stirring leaps in our understanding of the cosmos. This revised and updated edition features such startling discoveries as the now more than 5,000 detected exoplanets that promise to reveal exciting possibilities for life in the cosmos, and data from a new generation of ground-based and spaceborne observatories that have fundamentally changed what we know about the expanding universe?and maybe even the laws of physics themselves. From the first image of a galaxy’s birth to tantalizing evidence of water not only on Mars but also on the asteroid Ceres, as well as on moons of Jupiter and Saturn, coauthors Neil deGrasse Tyson and Donald Goldsmith conduct an exhilarating tour of the cosmos with clarity and exuberance.
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Psychology, Science and technology, Physics
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An eminent engineer and historian tackles one of the most elemental aspects of life: how we experience and utilize physical force…
&“Another gem from a master of technology writing.&”—Kirkus Reviews Force explores how humans interact with the material world in the course of their everyday activities. This book for the general reader also considers the significance of force in shaping societies and cultures. Celebrated author Henry Petroski delves into the ongoing physical interaction between people and things that enables them to stay put or causes them to move. He explores the range of daily human experience whereby we feel the sensations of push and pull, resistance and assistance. The book is also about metaphorical force, which manifests itself as pressure and relief, achievement and defeat. Petroski draws from a variety of disciplines to make the case that force—represented especially by our sense of touch—is a unifying principle that pervades our lives. In the wake of a prolonged global pandemic that increasingly cautioned us about contact with the physical world, Petroski offers a new perspective on the importance of the sensation and power of touch.
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Computers and internet, General non-fiction, Nature, Science and technology, Physics
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The recent understandings about global earth mechanics are widely based on huge amounts of monitoring data accumulated using global networks…
of precise seismic stations, satellite monitoring of gravity, very large baseline interferometry, and the Global Positioning System. New discoveries in materials sciences of rocks and minerals and of rock deformation with fluid water in the earth also provide essential information. This book presents recent work on natural geometry, spatial and temporal distribution patterns of various cracks sealed by minerals, and time scales of their crack sealing in the plate boundary. Furthermore, the book includes a challenging investigation of stochastic earthquake prediction testing by means of the updated deep machine learning of a convolutional neural network with multi-labeling of large earthquakes and of the generative autoencoder modeling of global correlated seismicity. Their manifestation in this book contributes to the development of human society resilient from natural hazards. Presented here are (1) mechanics of natural crack sealing and fluid flow in the plate boundary regions, (2) large-scale permeable convection of the plate boundary, (3) the rapid process of massive extrusion of plate boundary rocks, (4) synchronous satellite gravity and global correlated seismicity, (5) Gaussian network dynamics of global correlated seismicity, and (6) prediction testing of plate boundary earthquakes by machine learning and generative autoencoders.
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Travel and geography, Nature, Science and technology, Environment, History, Physics
Human-narrated audio
Nautical adventure aboard a fifty-foot sailing cutter exploring the Arctic Ocean near Labrador. Perturbed by the large quantities of pack…
ice in the area in the summers of the early 1990s, the author investigates weather patterns and climate changes for explanations