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Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Attosecond Science and Technology (Springer Proceedings in Physics #300)
By Luca Argenti, Michael Chini, Li Fang. 2024
This open access volume brings together selected papers from the 8th International Conference on Attosecond Science and Technology. The contributions…
within represent the latest advances in attosecond science, covering recent progress in ultrafast electron dynamics in atoms, molecules, clusters, surfaces, solids, nanostructures and plasmas, as well as the generation of sub-femtosecond XUV and X-ray pulses, either through table-top laser setups or with X-ray free-electron lasers. In addition to highlighting key advances and outlining the state of the field, the conference and its proceedings serve to introduce junior researchers to the community, promote collaborations, and represent the global and topical diversity of the field.To Boldly Go Where No Book Has Gone Before: A Joyous Journey Through All of Science
By Luke O'Neill. 2023
Science is a serious business, right? Wrong. Scientists have been participants in the best reality show of all time, with…
all the highs, lows, bust-ups, and strange personalities of any show on telly today. From Luke O'Neill - the science teacher you wish you'd had - this hugely accessible history of science reveals the human stories behind the biggest discoveries.For example, we meet Charles Darwin as he weighs up the pros and cons of marrying his cousin: 'constant companion' vs 'less money for books'. Tough call.To Boldly Go Where No Book Has Gone Before covers everything from space travel and evolution to alchemy and AI. Written by one of our leading scientists, this is an insider's account that celebrates the joy of science. It is filled with all the juicy bits that other histories leave out.A Body Made of Glass: A Cultural History of Hypochondria
By Caroline Crampton. 2024
Part cultural history, part literary criticism, and part memoir, A Body Made of Glass is a definitive biography of hypochondria.Caroline Crampton’s life was upended at…
the age of seventeen, when she was diagnosed with Hodgkin’s lymphoma, a relatively rare blood cancer. After years of invasive treatment, she was finally given the all clear. But being cured of the cancer didn’t mean she felt well. Instead, the fear lingered, and she found herself always on the alert, braced for signs that the illness had reemerged. Now, in A Body Made of Glass, Crampton has drawn from her own experiences with health anxiety to write a revelatory exploration of hypochondria—a condition that, though often suffered silently, is widespread and rising. She deftly weaves together history, memoir, and literary criticism to make sense of this invisible and underexplored sickness. From the earliest medical case of Hippocrates to the literary accounts of sufferers like Virginia Woolf and Marcel Proust to the modern perils of internet self-diagnosis, Crampton unspools this topic to reveal the far-reaching impact of health anxiety on our physical, mental, and emotional health.At its heart, Crampton explains, hypochondria is a yearning for knowledge. It is a never-ending attempt to replace the edgeless terror of uncertainty with the comforting solidity of a definitive explanation. Through intimate personal stories and compelling cultural perspectives, A Body Made of Glass brings this uniquely ephemeral condition into much-needed focus for the first time.'This book should rock Whitehall to its foundations.' - Andy Burnham'This is crusading journalism at its best.' - Lord OwenIn…
the 1970s and 1980s almost 5,000 people in the UK contracted HIV or hepatitis C after being infected by contaminated NHS blood products, including the notorious Factor VIII, yet no organisation or individual has ever been held to account. So far, more than 2,800 are known to have died, while tens of thousands more lives have been destroyed in the families of those affected.Caroline Wheeler has been reporting on this scandal - the worst treatment disaster in the history of the NHS - for over two decades. She has been integral to the campaign for justice for the victims and their families, and played a pivotal role in persuading Prime Minister Theresa May to agree to the infected blood inquiry in 2019, the findings of which are expected to be published in late 2023.Death in the Blood will be based on thousands of government documents, court and inquiry transcripts, plus interviews with prime ministers, cabinet ministers, Downing Street advisers, senior civil servants, doctors, and above all the victims and their families whose personal testimony forms the beating heart of this book.Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry
By Rick Ubic. 2024
This textbook introduces readers to the language, concepts, and tools of crystallography, as well as many aspects of crystal chemistry.…
Important topics, such as bonding, electronegativity, lattice energy, symmetry operations, crystal defects, and structure-property relationships are covered. Worked examples are included where appropriate. By uniquely combining elements of crystallography and crystal chemistry, the text is a useful and accessible resource for students across many disciplines. Chapter summaries and example problems are included to optimize use by students and faculty in both graduate and undergraduate curricula. Historical context to relevant discoveries and biographical sketches of many of the scientists involved in the development of this field are also provided to expand the student’s knowledge of both solid-state science and scientists.Der Realismus - in der theoretischen Physik: Zusammenhänge und Hintergründe zu aktueller Forschung
By Norbert Hermann Hinterberger. 2023
Computational Optical Imaging: Principle and Technology (Advances in Optics and Optoelectronics)
By Zhengjun Liu, Xuyang Zhou, Shutian Liu. 2024
This book highlights a comprehensive introduction to the principles and calculation methods of computational optical imaging. Integrating optical imaging and…
computing technology to achieve significant performance improvements, computational optical imaging has become an active research field in optics. It has given rise to the emerging of new concepts such as computational imaging, computational measurement and computational photography. As high-performance image detectors make image measurements discrete and digital, images are mostly recorded in the form of discrete data, almost replacing the continuous medium used for pattern recording. Computational optical imaging technology has become an effective way for people to study microscopic imaging. At present, different imaging systems are composed of continuous optical elements such as lenses and prisms or discrete optical elements such as spatial light modulators or digital micro-mirror devices. The current computing technology has permeated all aspects of imaging systems and gradually promotes the digitization of optical imaging systems. This book summarizes the representative work done in this field and introduces the latest results. Computing technology plays an important bridging role between theories of optics and experimental systems, which inspires more comprehensive and in-depth research. It has the advantages of high repeatability, flexibility, strong computing power and low cost. In this multidisciplinary field, researchers in computer science, optics and information science have joined together to extend its depth and breadth. Targeting cutting-edge issues to be solved in computational optics, this book introduces a variety of methods that involve theoretical innovations and technical breakthroughs in imaging resolution, the field of view, imaging speed, and computing speed. It intends to provide a handy reference and technical support for graduate students, researchers and professionals engaged in the study and practice of computational optical imaging.Raman Spectroscopy: Advances and Applications (Springer Series in Optical Sciences #248)
By Dheeraj Kumar Singh, Ashish Kumar Mishra, Arnulf Materny. 2024
This book highlights recent advances of spectroscopic techniques based on Raman scattering. Different applications are introduced that serve as examples…
for the versatile use of Raman techniques. Raman spectroscopy is a marker free technique, which is capable of yielding detailed information about molecular systems in a non-destructive way. This makes it a valuable tool for, e.g., material science or medical research. The access to vibrational energy and dynamics yields fundamental insights into static and dynamical structural properties of molecules being influenced by and influencing their material science or medical research environment. The better understanding of the basic building blocks of materials helps to improve the functionality in various applications. Raman spectroscopy has become a truly interdisciplinary research tool, and the ongoing development of techniques makes it attractive for growing variety of scientific and industrial applications, which will be demonstrated in the book. While the “classical” linear spontaneous Raman spectroscopy is restricted in its applicability due to low signal intensities or the excitation of strong fluorescence background, new techniques have helped to overcome such problems. Examples, presented in the book, are surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and various associated techniques are used to drastically increase signal intensity, confocal, and tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) allowing for high and even sub-diffraction limited spatial resolutions, coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) avoiding fluorescence background and allowing for time-resolved observations of vibrational dynamics, or hyper- and resonance Raman scattering influencing the scattering based on electronic resonances, etc.All Aboard!: Elijah McCoy's Steam Engine (Great Idea Series #2)
By Monica Kulling. 2010
In the second of Tundra's Great Idea series, biographies for children who are just starting to read, Monica Kulling presents…
the life of an extraordinary man.There were few opportunities for the son of slaves, but Elijah McCoy's dreams led him to study mechanical engineering in Scotland. He learned everything there was to know about engines - how to design them and how to build them. But when he returned to the United States to look for work at the Michigan Central Railroad, the only job Elijah could get was shoveling coal into a train's firebox.Undaunted, he went on to invent a means of oiling the engine while the train was running, changing the face of travel around the world.With playful text and lively illustrations, All Aboard! Elijah McCoy's Steam Engine may be the first biography a child discovers, and it will whet the appetite for many more.Stephen Hawking: A Life Well Lived
By Kitty Ferguson. 2016
In 1963 Stephen Hawking was given two years to live. Defying all the odds, he died in March 2018 at…
age seventy-six as the most celebrated scientist in the world. This carefully researched and updated biography and tribute gives a rich picture of Hawking's remarkable life - his childhood, the heart-rending beginning of his struggle with motor neurone disease, his ever-increasing international fame, and his long personal battle for survival in pursuit of a scientific understanding of the universe. From more recent years, Kitty Ferguson describes his inspiring leadership at the London Paralympic Games, the release of the film The Theory of Everything, his continuing work on black holes and the origin of the universe, the discovery of 'supertranslations', and the astounding 'Starshot' program. Here also are his intense concern for the future of the Earth and his use of his celebrity to fight for environmental and humanitarian causes, and, finally, a ground-breaking paper he was working on at the time of his death, in which he took issue with some of his own earlier theories. Throughout, Ferguson summarizes and explains the cutting-edge science in which Hawking was engaged and offers vivid first-hand descriptions of his funeral in Cambridge and the interment of his ashes in Westminster Abbey. This is an amazing and revealing tribute, assessing Hawking's legacy in and out of science.Six Facets Of Light
By Ann Wroe. 2015
'She's a genius, I believe, because she lights up every subject she touches.' Hilary Mantel A Spectator Book of the…
YearGoethe claimed to know what light was. Galileo and Einstein both confessed they didn't. On the essential nature of light, and how it operates, the scientific jury is still out. There is still time, therefore, to listen to painters and poets on the subject. They, after all, spend their lives pursuing light and trying to tie it down.Six Facets of Light is a series of meditations on this most elusive and alluring feature of human life. Set mostly on the Downs and coastline of East Sussex, the most luminous part of England, it interweaves a walker's experiences of light in Nature with the observations, jottings and thoughts of a dozen writers and painters - and some scientists - who have wrestled to define and understand light. From Hopkins to Turner, Coleridge to Whitman, Fra Angelico to Newton, Ravilious to Dante, the mystery of light is teased out and pondered on. Some of the results are surprising.By using mostly notebooks and sketchbooks, this book becomes a portrait of the transitoriness, randomness, swiftness, frustrations and quicksilver beauty that are the essence of light. It is a work to be enjoyed, pondered over, engaged with, provoked by; to be packed in the rucksack of every walker heading for the sea or the hills, or to be opened to bring that outside radiance within four dark town walls.Lifescapes by Ann Wroe is coming in August 2023.Sheepwrecked
By Jackie Ellis. 2013
This journey through the changing seasons at Rowfoot Farm - tupping time in the autumn, winters as wet, bleak and…
cold here in Cumbria as elsewhere, lambing and the glories of spring, a bucolic, bee-filled Eden Valley summer with its many shows and fairs - will reveal much that you need to know about the countryside, its quirky customs and ways, and most likely a great deal that you don't. They no longer burn witches (not because they're lily-livered, it's just that getting the necessary timber from sustainable forests is a real chore). You'll find nothing here about welly-wanging either. Jackie doesn't wang her wellies, she just gets them muddy. You won't need to, of course, as this book will ensure you experience rural life vicariously and very cleanly.Along the way, Jackie bumps into friends old and new, peeps back over her shoulder every now and then to recall times past, oh and it wouldn't be her if she didn't have the occasional impassioned rant or take the odd pop at the establishment, but rest assured she's quite gentle with them. So join Jackie (and Katie the Lurcher, Blossom the Cob and Rowfoot's many other residents, four- and two-legged) as she recounts the occasional pitfall and many pleasures of running a small farm in one of the most beautiful parts of England.Shades Of Green: A (mostly) practical A-Z for the reluctant environmentalist
By Paul Waddington. 2010
Few of us have what it takes to go 'all the way' on the green scale. Yet as fears about…
the food chain, climate change, plummeting biodiversity and the sustainability of our current lifestyles take hold, wouldn't it be good to be clear about our range of options?Whether you are pondering bicycles or baths, holidays or heating, pets or pasta, washing dishes or wine, Shades of Green is the book for you. It's an easy-to-use, A-Z guide which sets out your choices on a scale from 'completely green' to 'not even a little bit green'. No preaching. No finger-wagging.Whether you're an eco-warrior or a planet-trasher or, like most of us, something in between, Shades of Green will give you all you need to know so you can choose what suits you best. This is essential and often surprising reading.StarWords: The Celestial Roots of Modern Language (Springer Praxis Books)
By Daniel Kunth, Elena Terlevich. 2024
Unbeknownst to many, our modern language contains countless words that were inspired by human observations of the cosmos. We now…
use words like “zenith”, “Monday”, “disaster”, “dog days”, “starfish”, “lunatic”, flu, and so many others, without a second thought for their celestial roots. Famous French astrophysicist Daniel Kunth invites you on a linguistic and scientific journey through space and time to explore these forgotten origins. You will be astonished to rediscover cosmic language hidden in plain sight through this wonderful collection of historical and cultural stories, famous idioms and delightful puns, along with the real science behind each one. Elena Terlevich is a well known professional astronomer working at INAOE in Mexico, an honorary Professor at La Plata University in Argentina and a regular visitor at the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge (UK). Requiring no prior knowledge in astronomy or linguistics, this book’s universal contentsinvite the reader to ponder how our observations of the night sky have shaped our modern tongue and customs.Every Living Thing: The Great and Deadly Race to Know All Life
By Jason Roberts. 2024
From the bestselling author of A Sense of the World comes this dramatic, globe-spanning and meticulously-researched story of two scientific…
rivals and their race to survey all life on Earth.In the 18th century, two men dedicated their lives to the same daunting task: identifying and describing all life on Earth. Their approaches could not have been more different. Carl Linnaeus, a pious Swedish doctor with a huckster's flair, believed that life belonged in tidy, static categories. Georges-Louis de Buffon, an aristocratic polymath and keeper of France's royal garden, viewed life as a dynamic swirl of complexities. Both began believing their work to be difficult, but not impossible—how could the planet possibly hold more than a few thousand species? Stunned by life's diversity, both fell far short of their goal. But in the process they articulated starkly divergent views on nature, on humanity's role in shaping the fate of our planet and on humanity itself. The rivalry between these two unique, driven individuals created reverberations that still echo today. Linnaeus, with the help of acolyte explorers he called "apostles" (only half of whom returned alive), gave the world such concepts as mammal, primate and homo sapiens—but he also denied species change and promulgated racist pseudo-science. Buffon coined the term reproduction, formulated early prototypes of evolution and genetics, and argued passionately against prejudice. It was a clash that, during their lifetimes, Buffon seemed to be winning. But their posthumous fates would take a very different turn.With elegant, propulsive prose grounded in more than a decade of research, featuring appearances by Voltaire, Benjamin Franklin and Charles Darwin, bestselling author Jason Roberts tells an unforgettable true-life tale of intertwined lives and enduring legacies, tracing an arc of insight and discovery that extends across three centuries into the present day.Paleo-Geodynamics Peculiarities of the Arctic Ocean Eurasian Floor (Earth and Environmental Sciences Library)
By Anatoly Schreider, Mikhail Klyuev, Alexandra Sazhneva, Andrey Brekhovskikh. 2024
The book deals with some issues of paleo-geodynamics of the Eurasian floor of the Arctic Ocean.A comprehensive geological and geophysical…
analysis of information on the anomalous magnetic field in the Eurasian Basin was carried out using modeling of the inversion magnetically active layer of the oceanic crust. As a result of this analysis, the identification and spatial position of linear paleo-magnetic anomalies were refined, which made it possible to significantly update the geochronology of the bottom of the Eurasian Basin and identify a number of stages in its evolution.On this basis, the features and stages of the kinematics of the development of the bottom of the Eurasian Basin in the past were revealed.At the first Cretaceous–Paleogene stage, prior to the formation of the A26 paleo-anomaly on the Eurasian margin, extension processes developed significantly and turned into rifting. In the process of rifting, weakened zones and related fractures were formed, along which the Siberian continental margin began to be torn off about 60 Ma ago with the formation of the Lomonosov Ridge.At the second stage of evolution, rifting turned into spreading, and the growth rate of the new oceanic crust in the A26–A24 paleo-anomaly interval (59–53 Ma ago) was more than 2.5 cm/yr. At the same time, the northern flank of the Mid-Arctic Ridge grew more intensively than the southern one.The third stage was characterized by a further progressive slowdown in the process of bottom spreading, the minimum of which, with spreading rates of about 1 cm/year, fell on the formation of paleo-anomalies A13-A6 (30-20 million years ago).The fourth stage of growth of the new oceanic crust began later than the time of the A6 paleo-anomaly and is characterized by some intensification of growth at rates up to 1.2 cm/yr. The average rate of bottom growth over an interval of almost 60 Ma turned out to be close to 1.3 cm/yr, which makes it possible to classify the Mid-Arctic Ridge as a slow-growing one.On this basis, kinematic models of the development of bottom configurations were developed with the determination of the Euler poles, rotation angles, asymmetries, axes of spallation and paleo-bathymetry for the Eurasian Basin, the Polar part of the Lomonosov Ridge, the splitting of the Arlis Spura from the Lomonosov Ridge, the development of the Gakkel Ridge and the development of the Greenland region of the bottom.Coded Optical Imaging
By Jinyang Liang. 2024
This book provides a comprehensive survey of coded optical imaging. Illustrated with 386 figures, it takes readers from the fundamental…
concepts and theories to the latest research and applications in this field. It can be used in graduate-level courses in optics and photonics. It can also benefit scientists and engineers in optical imaging, computer graphics, and other related disciplines. This book starts from a brief history of coded optical imaging and key operations in its data acquisition and image reconstruction. It then presents the latest progress in technological development and applications in the areas of biomedicine, materials science, industrial inspection, optical physics, imaging science, information theory, and more. Chapters describe the most representative techniques, exposing readers to key research themes, including: · Optical signal encoding · Image reconstruction techniques · Compressed sensing · Artificial intelligence · Metasurface · Structured light · Lensless imaging · Holography · Tomography · Light-field imaging · Utrafast imaging · Hyperspectral imaging · Polarization imaging · Super-resolution imagingSecure Edge and Fog Computing Enabled AI for IoT and Smart Cities: Includes selected Papers from International Conference on Advanced Computing & Next-Generation Communication (ICACNGC 2022) (EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing)
By Ahmed A. Abd El-Latif, Lo’ai Tawalbeh, Yassine Maleh, Brij B. Gupta. 2024
This book gathers recent research in security and privacy to discuss, evaluate, and improve the novel approaches of data protection…
in IoT and edge and fog computing. The primary focus of the book addresses security mechanisms in IoT and edge/ fog computing, advanced secure deployments for large scaled edge/ fog computing, and new efficient data security strategy of IoT and edge/ fog computing. The book lays a foundation of the core concepts and principles of IoT and 5G security, walking the reader through the fundamental ideas. This book is aimed at researchers, graduate students, and engineers in the fields of secure IoT and edge/ fog computing. The book also presents selected papers from International Conference on Advanced Computing & Next-Generation Communication (ICACNGC 2022).The Problem of Coronal Heating: A Rosetta Stone for Electrodynamic Coupling in Cosmic Plasmas (Astrophysics and Space Science Library #470)
By Philip Judge, James A. Ionson. 2024
This book reflects on 8 decades of research on one of the longest-standing unsolved problems in modern astrophysics: why does…
the Sun form a hot corona? The authors give a critical overview of the field and offer suggestions on how to bridge the chasm between what we can measure, and what we can calculate. They go back to basics to explain why the problem is difficult, where we have made progress and where we have not, to help the next generation of scientists devise novel techniques to crack such a long-lasting problem. A way forward is formulated centered around refutation, using Bayesian methods to propose and to try to reject hypotheses and models, and avoiding seduction by ``confirmation bias’’.This book is aimed at physicists, students and researchers interested in understanding, learning from and solving the coronal heating problem, in an era of new dedicated facilities such as the Parker Solar Probe and the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope. Thebook will appeal to those interested in understanding research methods and how they are changing in the modern academic environment, particular in astrophysics and Earth sciences where remote sensing is essential.The Seven Ages of Death: ‘Every chapter is like a detective story’ Telegraph
By Dr Richard Shepherd. 2021
The heart-wrenchingly honest new book about life and death from forensic pathologist and bestselling author of UNNATURAL CAUSES, Dr Richard…
ShepherdA TIMES AND SUNDAY TIMES BOOK OF THE YEAR'Deeply insightful. Unflinching' THE TIMES'A finely-crafted detective story' DAILY TELEGRAPH'Enlightening, strangely uplifting' DAILY MAIL'Fascinating' DAILY EXPRESS_________Dr Richard Shepherd, a medical detective and Britain's top forensic pathologist, shares twenty-four of his most intriguing, enlightening and never-before-told cases.These autopsies, spanning the seven ages of human existence, uncover the secrets not only of how a person died, but also of how they lived.From old to young, murder to misadventure, and illness to accidental death, each body has something to reveal - about its owner's life story, how we age, justice, society, the certainty of death.And, above all, the wonderful marvel of life itself._________Praise for Dr Richard Shepherd'Gripping, grimly fascinating, and I suspect I'll read it at least twice' Evening Standard'A deeply mesmerising memoir of forensic pathology. Human and fascinating' Nigella Lawson'An absolutely brilliant book. I really recommend it, I don't often say that but it's fascinating' Jeremy Vine, BBC Radio 2'Puts the reader at his elbow as he wields the scalpel' Guardian'Fascinating, gruesome yet engrossing' Richard and Judy, Daily Express'Fascinating, insightful, candid, compassionate' Observer