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Letters with Smokie: Blindness and More-than-Human Relations
By Rod Michalko, Dan Goodley. 2023
Letters with Smokie captures an epistolic exchange between Dan Goodley and Rod Michalko, or rather, Rod Michalko's late guide dog,…
Smokie. A lively exploration of human-animal relationships and disability as disruption, disturbance, and art, the book offers a refreshing re-evaluation of cultural misunderstandings of disability.Cognition and Social Behavior (Carnegie Mellon Symposia on Cognition Series)
By John W. Payne, John S. Carroll. 1976
First published in 1976. This volume presents the collected papers of the Eleventh Annual Symposium on Cognition, held at Carnegie-Mellon…
University in April, 1975. These papers are unique in the history of these symposia for their orientation toward the study of social behavior. This symposium brings together the two fields of social psychology and cognitive psychology in response to a growing desire among many social psychologists to seek out or develop a more systematic body of theory, and a corresponding desire among many cognitive psychologists to study the everyday affairs of people outside the laboratory.Stress and Coping Across Development (Stress and Coping Series)
By Neil Schneiderman, Tiffany M. Field, Philip M. McCabe. 1988
This is the second volume based on the annual University of Miami Symposia on Stress and Coping. The present volume…
is focused on some representative stresses and coping mechanisms that occur during different stages of development including infancy, childhood, and adulthood. Accordingly, the volume is divided into three sections for those three stages.Make the DSM-IV-TR user-friendly with this powerful learning tool! This expanded and updated edition of Dr. Munson's highly acclaimed book…
is the indispensable companion volume and guide to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition-Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR), published by the American Psychiatric Association. The only study guide currently available for the DSM-IV-TR, The Mental Health Diagnostic Desk Reference, Second Edition, provides clear, cogent expositions of every disorder in the manual. All the information in this edition has been updated to reflect the new thinking and the current criteria. Easy to use in a consistent, all-inclusive format, The Mental Health Diagnostic Desk Reference, Second Edition, offers a detailed explanation of every part of the DSM-IV-TR, from its multi-axial classification system to the criteria for diagnosing individual disorders. It offers guidelines of diagnosis, examples of treatment planning, and 81 helpful illustrations, including color-coded supplemental visuals highlighting the diagnostic criteria for disorders most frequently encountered in clinical practice. It even features a thorough review of the 26 syndromes considered for inclusion in the DSM-IV-TR that did not reach the research criteria for a full-scale disorder.In addition, The Mental Health Diagnostic Desk Reference, Second Edition, is the only guide to applying the new culture-bound syndromes. It even includes a detailed case example of preparing a cultural formulation. References are provided at the end of each chapter, and a master reference list is printed at the end of the book, which enhances ease of use.Summaries for each class of disorders include: a listing of codes and disorders a fundamental features section describing core aspects of disorders brief tips to highlight significant information and helpful diagnostic techniques differential diagnosis strategies and tips standardized measures and scales recommended for their effectiveness, ease of use, brevity of administration, and cost recommended readingWritten by nationally respected clinician, supervisor, and educator Dr. Carlton Munson, The Mental Health Diagnostic Desk Reference, Second Edition, will help end clinical gridlock and enable you to improve services to your clients within the context of managed care.The Meaning And Measurement Of Support
By Hans O. F. Veiel, Urs Baumann. 1992
Contains papers from an international symposium held at the Werner Reimers Foundation in Bad Homburg, Germany in May 1990. They…
address the concern that social support research has fragmented into separate areas and that there is a lack of definition concerning social support.Originally published in 1983, the 14 chapters in this volume are based upon presentations made to a conference held at…
the University of Western Ontario in June, 1981. The primary purpose of that conference was to mark the 10th anniversary of the publication of Allan Paivio’s text, Imagery and Verbal Processes, and to acknowledge the continuing contribution that Paivio was making to imagery research and theory at the time. His landmark book had been the major publication in the field of imagery, and during the decade prior to this volume Paivio’s theorizing and research dominated the investigation of imaginal processes. It was felt the most appropriate way to honor his achievements and activities, was to hold a conference on current developments in imagery research and theory at the time.Contributions To Information Integration Theory: Volume 1: Cognition
By Norman H. Anderson. 1991
The theory of information integration provides a unified, general approach to the three disciplines of cognitive, social, and developmental psychology.…
Each of these volumes illustrates how the concepts and methods of this experimentally-grounded theory may be productively applied to core problems in one of these three disciplines.Animal Cognition: A Tribute To Donald A. Riley (Comparative Cognition and Neuroscience Series)
By Thomas R. Zentall. 1993
Prepared as a tribute to Donald A. Riley, the essays that appear here are representative of a research area that…
has loosely been classified as animal cognition -- a categorization that reflects a functionalist philosophy that was prevalent in Riley's laboratory and that many of his students absorbed. According to this philosophy, it is acceptable to hypothesize that an animal might engage in complex processing of information, as long as one can operationalize evidence for such a process and the hypothesis can be presented in the context of testable predictions that can differentiate it from other mechanisms. The contributions to this volume represent the three most important areas of research in animal cognition -- stimulus representation, memory processes, and perceptual processes -- although current research has considerably blurred these distinctions.Signal detection theory--as developed in electrical engineering and based on statistical decision theory--was first applied to human sensory discrimination 40…
years ago. The theoretical intent was to provide a valid model of the discrimination process; the methodological intent was to provide reliable measures of discrimination acuity in specific sensory tasks. An analytic method of detection theory, called the relative operating characteristic (ROC), can isolate the effect of the placement of the decision criterion, which may be variable and idiosyncratic, so that a pure measure of intrinsic discrimination acuity is obtained. For the past 20 years, ROC analysis has also been used to measure the discrimination acuity or inherent accuracy of a broad range of practical diagnostic systems. It was widely adopted by methodologists in the field of information retrieval, is increasingly used in weather forecasting, and is the generally preferred method in clinical medicine, primarily in radiology. This book attends to both themes, ROC analysis in the psychology laboratory and in practical diagnostic settings, and to their essential unity. The focus of this book is on detection and recognition as fundamental tasks that underlie most complex behaviors. As defined here, they serve to distinguish between two alternative, confusable stimulus categories, which may be perceptual or cognitive categories in the psychology laboratory, or different states of the world in practical diagnostic tasks. This book on signal detection theory in psychology was written by one of the developers of the theory, who co-authored with D.M. Green the classic work published in this area in 1966 (reprinted in 1974 and 1988). This volume reviews the history of the theory in engineering, statistics, and psychology, leading to the separate measurement of the two independent factors in all discrimination tasks, discrimination acuity and decision criterion. It extends the previous book to show how in several areas of psychology--in vigilance and memory--what had been thought to be discrimination effects were, in reality, effects of a changing criterion. The book shows that data plotted in terms of the relative operating characteristic have essentially the same form across the wide range of discrimination tasks in psychology. It develops the implications of this ROC form for measures of discrimination acuity, pointing up the valid ones and identifying several common, but invalid, ones. The area under the binormal ROC is seen to be supported by the data; the popular measures d' and percent correct are not. An appendix describes the best, current programs for fitting ROCs and estimating their parameters, indices, and standard errors. The application of ROC analysis to diagnostic tasks is also described. Diagnostic accuracy in a wide range of tasks can be expressed in terms of the ROC area index. Choosing the appropriate decision criterion for a given diagnostic setting--rather than considering some single criterion to be natural and fixed--has a major impact on the efficacy of a diagnostic process or system. Illustrated here by separate chapters are diagnostic systems in radiology, information retrieval, aptitude testing, survey research, and environments in which imminent dangerous conditions must be detected. Data from weather forecasting, blood testing, and polygraph lie detection are also reported. One of these chapters describes a general approach to enhancing the accuracy of diagnostic systems.A Functional Theory of Cognition
By Norman H. Anderson. 1996
A unified, general theory of functional cognition is presented in this book. Its generality appears in the titles of the…
13 chapters listed below. Its unity appears in the effectiveness of the same methods and concepts across all of these areas. Generality and unity both stem from the foundation axiom of purposiveness. The axiom of purposiveness has been made effective through capability for functional measurement of values, which embody the goal-directed character of purposiveness. This measurement capability is based on the general cognitive algebra established in information integration theory. Functional theory can thus be made precise and effective near the level of everyday phenomenology. The book is written at a relatively simple level, directed at readers in every field of psychology. Among its characteristics are: * self-sufficient theory near the level of everyday phenomenology; * foundation on structure of the internal world; and * solid grounding in experimental analysis.Bereavement: Studies of Grief in Adult Life, Fourth Edition (Pelican Ser.)
By Colin Murray Parkes, Holly G. Prigerson. 2010
The loss of a loved one is one of the most painful experiences that most of us will ever have…
to face in our lives. This book recognises that there is no single solution to the problems of bereavement but that an understanding of grief can help the bereaved to realise that they are not alone in their experience. Long recognised as the most authoritative work of its kind, this new edition has been revised and extended to take into account recent research findings on both sides of the Atlantic. Parkes and Prigerson include additional information about the different circumstances of bereavement including traumatic losses, disasters, and complicated grief, as well as providing details on how social, religious, and cultural influences determine how we grieve. Bereavement provides guidance on preparing for the loss of a loved one, and coping after they have gone. It also discusses how to identify the minority in whom bereavement may lead to impairment of physical and/or mental health and how to ensure they get the help they need. This classic text will continue to be of value to the bereaved themselves, as well as the professionals and friends who seek to help and understand them.Children and Society
By Kay Tisdall, Malcolm Hill. 1998
Provides a comprehensive overview of the issues, research and debates relating to children and the experience of childhood in late…
twentieth century Britain. This volume will address key issues such as juvenile crime, poverty, child protection and children's rights and their implications for the development of policy and services for children. Presents first hand accounts from children and parents.Idioms: Structural and Psychological Perspectives
By Martin Everaert, André, Erik-Jan van der Linden, Rob Schreuder. 1995
Idioms have always aroused the curiosity of linguists and there is a long tradition in the study of idioms, especially…
within the fields of lexicology and lexicography. Without denying the importance of this tradition, this volume presents an overview of recent idiom research outside the immediate domain of lexicology/lexicography. The chapters address the status of idioms in recent formal and experimental linguistic theorizing. Interdisciplinary in scope, the contributions are written by psycholinguists and theoretical and computational linguists who take mutual advantage of progress in all disciplines. Linguists supply the facts and analyses psycholinguists base their models and experiments on; psycholinguists in turn confront linguistic models with psycholinguistic findings. Computational linguists build natural language processing systems on the basis of models and frameworks provided by theoretical linguists and, sometimes psycholinguists, and set up large corpora to test linguistic hypotheses. Besides the fascination for idioms that make up such a large part of our knowledge of language, interdisciplinarity is one of the attractions of investigations in idiomatic language and language processing.Signal to Syntax: Bootstrapping From Speech To Grammar in Early Acquisition
By James L. Morgan, Katherine Demuth. 1995
In the beginning, before there are words, or syntax, or discourse, there is speech. Speech is an infant's gateway to…
language. Without exposure to speech, no language--or at most only a feeble facsimile of language--develops, regardless of how rich a child's biological endowment for language learning may be. But little is given directly in speech--not words, for example, as anyone who has ever listened to fluent conversation in an unfamiliar language can attest. Rather, words and phrases, or rudimentary categories--or whatever other information is required for syntactic and semantic analyses to begin operating--must be pulled from speech through an infant's developing perceptual capacities. By the end of the first year, an infant can segment at least some words from fluent speech. Beyond this, how impoverished or rich an infant's representations of input may be remains largely unknown. Clearly, in the debate over determinants of early language acquisition, the input speech stream has too often been offhandedly dismissed as a potential source of information.This volume brings together internationally-known scholars from a range of disciplines--linguistics, psychology, cognitive and computer science, and acoustics --who share common interests in how speech, in its phonological, prosodic, distributional, and statistical properties, may encode information useful for early language learning, and how such information may be deciphered by very young children. These scholars offer a spectrum of viewpoints on the possibility that aspects of speech may provide bootstraps for language learning; contribute important, state-of-the-art findings across a variety of relevant domains; and illuminate critical directions for future inquiry. The publication of this volume represents a significant step in renewing the bonds between two fields that have long been sundered--speech perception and language acquisition.Language Development From Birth To Three
By Moshe Anisfeld. 1985
With selections of philosophers from Plotinus to Bruno, this new anthology provides significant learning support and historical context for the…
readings along with a wide variety of pedagogical assists.Featuring biographical headnotes, reading introductions, study questions, as well as specialPrologues andPhilosophical Overviews, this anthology offers a unique set of critical thinking promtps to help students understand and appreciate the philosophical concepts under discussion.Philosophical Bridges discuss how the work of earlier thinkers would influence philosophers to come and place major movements in a contemporary context, showing students how the schools of philosophy interrelate and how the various philosophies apply to the world today.In addition to this volume of Medieval Philosophy, a comprehensive survey of the whole of Western philosophical history and other individual volumes for each of the major historical eras are also available for specialized courses.Computational Organization Theory
By Kathleen M. Carley, Michael J. Prietula. 1994
This volume represents an advance in our understanding of how to represent and reason about organizational phenomena. Although organizational theorists…
have long grappled with the complexities of adaptive agents, ecological systems, and non-linear relations among the basic elements of organizational design, they have not, until recently, had the tools to grapple with these complex relationships. Recent advances in logic, symbolic programming, network analysis, and computer technology have made possible a series of tools that can be used to understand the complexities of organizational behavior. New computational techniques make it possible to develop and test more realistic models of organizational behavior. This volume offers examples of this new breed of models, and provides insight into how these advances and techniques can be used to extend our theoretical understanding of organizations. Authored by leading researchers in the area of computational organization theory, the various chapters demonstrate the value of computational analysis for organizational theory and advance our understanding of the relationship between organizational design and performance. This book contains both theoretical and methodological contributions that enable organizational theorists to use computational and mathematical techniques to systematically address the complex relationships that underlie organizational life. It also presents new -- or sometimes, renewed -- approaches on how to conduct organizational research from multiple formal perspectives including: simulation, numerical analysis, symbolic logic, mathematical modeling, and graph theory.Methodological Issues in Aging Research (Notre Dame Series on Quantitative Methodology)
By Steven M. Boker, Cindy S. Bergeman. 2005
Methodological Issues in Aging Research is the first volume in the "Notre Dame Series on Quantitative Methodology." This new series…
provides practical training on the latest quantitative methods used in social and behavioral research. Each volume features contributions from leading experts in state-of-the-art techniques applicable to a selected substantive topic.The first series volume provides researchers with innovative techniques for the collection and analyses of data focusing on aging and lifespan development. The book addresses such techniques as structural equation modeling, latent class analysis, hierarchical linear growth curve modeling, dynamical systems analysis, multivariate Rasch models, survival analysis, multilevel modeling, and quantitative genetic methods. These new techniques provide: better estimates of the direct effect of environmental or treatment effects and the dynamic pattern of genetic and environmental influences on adult development more precise predictions of outcomes which in turn increase the diagnostic power of test instruments the potential for developing new treatments that take advantage of the intrinsic dynamics of the course of a disease or age-related change to enhance treatment Methodological Issues in Aging Research appeals to advanced students and researchers in lifespan development, gerontology, health psychology, and other fields related to human development. It can be used as a main or supplemental text for advanced courses related to developmental research methods.Perceptions of Health and Illness: Current Research And Applications
By Keith J. Petrie, John A. Weinman. 1997
First Published in 1997. The study of how individuals perceive and make sense of health and illness is a new…
and rapidly developing area in health psychology. The field has seen important recent theoretical developments and applications to a wide range of health threats and illnesses. The first section of this book examines the current theoretical and measurement issues in the field and includes issues related to illness perceptions across the lifespan, disability, and the assessment of illness representations in chronic illness. The second section addresses the role of illness perceptions in health screening and prevention and includes work on perceptions of genetic disease, cancer screening, and how individuals process health risk information. The third section is concerned with the application of the illness perceptions approach to patients with chronic illness and those undergoing treatment. Illnesses examined using this approach include chronic fatigue syndrome, breast cancer, diabetes, and myocardial infarction.Symbol Formation
By H. Werner, B. Kaplan. 1984
First published in 1984. The authors’ basic aim in this volume has been to set forth a certain perspective on…
psychological phenomena and to show how this perspective enables one to order and integrate data on symbolization and language behavior—data obtained by a variety of methods and garnered from domains that are too often treated in isolation from each other.Psychology of Health: Applications of Psychology for Health Professionals
By Beth Alder. 1999
First published in 1999. Now this popular textbook has been substantially revised and updated to include: Cutting edge research and…
data; Twelve chapters - ideal for term/semester teaching; Summaries of psychology theory, clearly explained; Involving and thought-provoking activities and projects; Awareness of the treatment of illness and health issues; Exercises which improve the student's therapeutic skills, making it easier to cope with professional demands and personal pressures. Psychology of Health is aimed at health professional students. Students with no prior experience in the subject will gain valuable knowledge. Relevant courses include nursing, physiotherapy. occupational therapy. speech therapy. podiatry and dietetics.