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This book sheds new light on the current state of knowledge concerning chromatin organization Particular emphasis is given…
to the new imaging potential offered by super-resolution microscopy which allows DNA imaging with a very high labeling density From the early work on chromosomes by Walther Flemming in the nineteenth century to recent advances in genomics the history of chromatin research now spans more than a century The various milestones such as the discovery of the double helix structure the sequencing of the human genome and the recent description of the genome in 3D space show that understanding chromatin and chromosome function requires a clear understanding of its structure Presenting cutting-edge data from super-resolution single molecule microscopy the book demonstrates that chromatin manifests several levels of folding from nucleosomes to chromosomes Chromatin domains emerge as a new fundamental building block of chromatin architecture with functions possibly related to gene regulation A detailed description of chromatin folding in the pachytene stage of meiosis serves as a model for exploring this functionality showing the apparent interplay between structure function and epigenetic regulation Lastly the book discusses possible new avenues of innovation to describe chromatin s organization and functions Gathering essential insights on chromatin architecture the book offers students an introduction to microscopy and its application to chromatin organization while also providing advanced readers with new ideas for future researchA Brain for Numbers: The Biology of the Number Instinct
By Andreas Nieder. 2019
How our intuitive understanding of numbers is deeply rooted in our biology, traceable through both evolution and development. Humans' understanding…
of numbers is intuitive. Infants are able to estimate and calculate even before they learn the words for numbers. How have we come to possess this talent for numbers? In A Brain for Numbers, Andreas Nieder explains how our brains process numbers. He reports that numerical competency is deeply rooted in our biological ancestry; it can be traced through both the evolution of our species and the development of our individual minds. It is not, as it has been traditionally explained, based on our ability to use language. We owe our symbolic mathematical skills to the nonsymbolic numerical abilities that we inherited from our ancestors. The principles of mathematics, Nieder tells us, are reflections of the innate dispositions wired into the brain.Nieder explores how the workings of the brain give rise to numerical competence, tracing flair for numbers to dedicated “number neurons” in the brain. Drawing on a range of methods including brain imaging techniques, behavioral experiments, and twin studies, he outlines a new, integrated understanding of the talent for numbers. Along the way, he compares the numerical capabilities of humans and animals, and discusses the benefits animals reap from such a capability. He shows how the neurobiological roots of the brain's nonverbal quantification capacity are the evolutionary foundation of more elaborate numerical skills. He discusses how number signs and symbols are represented in the brain; calculation capability and the “neuromythology” of mathematical genius; the “start-up tools” for counting and developmental of dyscalculia (a number disorder analogous to the reading disorder dyslexia); and how the brain processes the abstract concept of zero.The Brain's Representational Power: On Consciousness and the Integration of Modalities
By Cyriel M.A. Pennartz. 2015
A neuroscientifically informed theory arguing that the core of qualitative conscious experience arises from the integration of sensory and cognitive…
modalities. Although science has made considerable progress in discovering the neural basis of cognitive processes, how consciousness arises remains elusive. In this book, Cyriel Pennartz analyzes which aspects of conscious experience can be peeled away to access its core: the “hardest” aspect, the relationship between brain processes and the subjective, qualitative nature of consciousness. Pennartz traces the problem back to its historical roots in the foundations of neuroscience and connects early ideas on sensory processing to contemporary computational neuroscience. What can we learn from neural network models, and where do they fall short in bridging the gap between neural processes and conscious experience? Do neural models of cognition resemble inanimate systems, and how can this help us define requirements for conscious processing in the brain? These questions underlie Pennartz's examination of the brain's anatomy and neurophysiology. The perspective of his account is not limited to visual perception but broadened to include other sensory modalities and their integration. Formulating a representational theory of the neural basis of consciousness, Pennartz outlines properties that complex structures must express to process information consciously. This theoretical framework is constructed using empirical findings from neuropsychology and neuroscience as well as such theoretical arguments as the Cuneiform Room and the Wall Street Banker. Positing that qualitative experience is a multimodal and multilevel phenomenon at its very roots, Pennartz places this body of theory in the wider context of mind-brain philosophy, examining implications for our thinking about animal and robot consciousness.Borges and Memory: Encounters with the Human Brain
By Rodrigo Quian Quiroga. 2012
A scientist's exploration of the working of memory begins with a story by Borges about a man who could not…
forget. Imagine the astonishment felt by neuroscientist Rodrigo Quian Quiroga when he found a fantastically precise interpretation of his research findings in a story written by the great Argentinian fabulist Jorge Luis Borges fifty years earlier. Quian Quiroga studies the workings of the brain—in particular how memory works—one of the most complex and elusive mysteries of science. He and his fellow neuroscientists have at their disposal sophisticated imaging equipment and access to information not available just twenty years ago. And yet Borges seemed to have imagined the gist of Quian Quiroga's discoveries decades before he made them.The title character of Borges's "Funes the Memorious" remembers everything in excruciatingly particular detail but is unable to grasp abstract ideas. Quian Quiroga found neurons in the human brain that respond to abstract concepts but ignore particular details, and, spurred by the way Borges imagined the consequences of remembering every detail but being incapable of abstraction, he began a search for the origins of Funes. Borges's widow, María Kodama, gave him access to her husband's personal library, and Borges's books led Quian Quiroga to reread earlier thinkers in philosophy and psychology. He found that just as Borges had perhaps dreamed the results of Quian Quiroga's discoveries, other thinkers—William James, Gustav Spiller, John Stuart Mill—had perhaps also dreamed a story like "Funes."With Borges and Memory, Quian Quiroga has given us a fascinating and accessible story about the workings of the brain that the great creator of Funes would appreciate.Blue and Green: The Drive for Justice at America's Port (Urban and Industrial Environments)
By Scott L. Cummings. 2018
How an alliance of the labor and environmental movements used law as a tool to clean up the trucking industry…
at the nation's largest port. In Blue and Green, Scott Cummings examines a campaign by the labor and environmental movements to transform trucking at America's largest port in Los Angeles. Tracing the history of struggle in an industry at the epicenter of the global supply chain, Cummings shows how an unprecedented “blue-green” alliance mobilized to improve working conditions for low-income drivers and air quality in nearby communities. The campaign for “clean trucks,” Cummings argues, teaches much about how social movements can use law to challenge inequality in a global era.Cummings shows how federal deregulation created interrelated economic and environmental problems at the port and how the campaign fought back by mobilizing law at the local level. He documents three critical stages: initial success in passing landmark legislation requiring port trucking companies to convert trucks from dirty to clean and drivers from contractors to employees with full labor rights; campaign decline after industry litigation blocked employee conversion; and campaign resurgence through an innovative legal approach to driver misclassification that realized a central labor movement goal—unionizing port truckers.Appraising the campaign, Cummings analyzes the tradeoffs of using alternative legal frameworks to promote labor organizing, and explores lessons for building movements to regulate low-wage work in the “gig” economy. He shows how law can bind coalitions together and split them apart, and concludes that the fight for legal reform never ends, but rather takes different turns on the long road to justice.Atari Age: The Emergence of Video Games in America
By Michael Z. Newman. 2017
The cultural contradictions of early video games: a medium for family fun (but mainly for middle-class boys), an improvement over…
pinball and television (but possibly harmful) Beginning with the release of the Magnavox Odyssey and Pong in 1972, video games, whether played in arcades and taverns or in family rec rooms, became part of popular culture, like television. In fact, video games were sometimes seen as an improvement on television because they spurred participation rather than passivity. These “space-age pinball machines” gave coin-operated games a high-tech and more respectable profile. In Atari Age, Michael Newman charts the emergence of video games in America from ball-and-paddle games to hits like Space Invaders and Pac-Man, describing their relationship to other amusements and technologies and showing how they came to be identified with the middle class, youth, and masculinity.Newman shows that the “new media” of video games were understood in varied, even contradictory ways. They were family fun (but mainly for boys), better than television (but possibly harmful), and educational (but a waste of computer time). Drawing on a range of sources—including the games and their packaging; coverage in the popular, trade, and fan press; social science research of the time; advertising and store catalogs; and representations in movies and television—Newman describes the series of cultural contradictions through which the identity of the emerging medium worked itself out. Would video games embody middle-class respectability or suffer from the arcade's unsavory reputation? Would they foster family togetherness or allow boys to escape from domesticity? Would they make the new home computer a tool for education or just a glorified toy? Then, as now, many worried about the impact of video games on players, while others celebrated video games for familiarizing kids with technology essential for the information age.The two volumes IFIP AICT 478 and 479 constitute the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 9th IFIP WG 5 …
14 International Conference on Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture CCTA 2015 held in Beijing China in September 2015 The 122 revised papers included in this volume were carefully selected from 237 submissions They cover a wide range of interesting theories and applications of information technology in agriculture including intelligent sensing monitoring and automatic control technology key technology and models of the Internet of things intelligent technology for agricultural equipment computer vision computer graphics and virtual reality computer simulation optimization and modeling cloud computing and agricultural applications agricultural big data decision support systems and expert systems 3s technology and precision agriculture quality and safety of agricultural products detection and tracing technology and agricultural electronic commerce technologyThe Collapse of Western Civilization
By Erik M. Conway, Naomi Oreskes. 2014
The year is 2393, and a senior scholar of the Second People's Republic of China presents a gripping and deeply…
disturbing account of how the children of the Enlightenment, the political and economic elites of the so-called advanced industrial societies, entered into a Penumbral period in the early decades of the twenty-first century, a time when sound science and rational discourse about global change were prohibited and clear warnings of climate catastrophe were ignored. What ensues when soaring temperatures, rising sea levels, drought, and mass migrations disrupt the global governmental and economic regimes? The Great Collapse of 2093.This work is an important title that will change how readers look at the world. Dramatizing climate change in ways traditional nonfiction cannot, this inventive, at times humorous work reasserts the importance of scientists and the work they do and reveals the self-serving interests of the so called "carbon industrial complex" that have turned the practice of sound science into political fodder. The authors conclude with a critique of the philosophical frameworks, most notably neo-liberalism, that do their part to hasten civilization's demise. Based on sound scholarship yet unafraid to tilt at sacred cows in both science and policy, this book provides a welcome moment of clarity amid the cacophony of climate change literature. It includes a lexicon of historical and scientific terms that enriches the narrative and an interview with the authors.Advances in Marine and Brackishwater Aquaculture
By Santhanam Perumal, Thirunavukkarasu A. R., Perumal Pachiappan. 2015
This book compiles the latest findings in the field of marine and brackishwater aquaculture It covers significant topics…
such as techniques of culture of live feeds microalgae rotifer Artemia marine copepod polychaetes while also highlighting vital themes like the culture and applications of free and marine sponge associated microbial probiotics controlled breeding seed production and culture of commercially important fin and shell fishes Moreover the book focuses on the breeding and culture of marine ornamental fishes sea cucumber and sea urchin and discusses seaweeds culture aqua feed formulation and nutrition water quality management in hatchery and grow-out culture systems fish disease diagnosis and health management and cryopreservation of fish gametes for sustainable aquaculture practices all from a multidimensional perspective The global fish production was 154 million tonnes in 2011 which more or less consisted of capture and culture fisheries FAO 2012 Roughly 80 of this is from inland-freshwater aquaculture and the remainder from capture fisheries in the marine and brackishwater sector However marine and brackishwater catches have recently begun to diminish due to overexploitation climate change and pollution The UNEP report affirmed that if the world remains on its current course of overfishing by 2050 the ocean fish stock could become extinct or no longer commercially viable to exploit In these circumstances aquaculture is considered to be a promising sector to fulfill our future protein requirement However brackishwater and marine fish production now face serious challenges due to e g lack of quality fish seeds feeds poor water quality management and diseases Fisheries and aquaculture sectors play a vital role as potential sources of nutritional security and food safety around the globe Fish food is rich in protein vitamins phosphorous calcium zinc selenium etc In addition fish contains omega-3 fatty acids which help to prevent cardiovascular diseases Fish food can also provide several health benefits to consumers The omega 3 fatty acids found in fish can reduce the levels of LDL cholesterol the bad cholesterol and increase the HDL levels the good cholesterol Research conducted in Australia has proved that fish consumption can be used to cure hypertension and obesity It is also reported that people who ate more fish were less prone to asthma and were able to breathe more easily Omega 3 fish oil or fish consumption can help to prevent three of the most common forms of cancer breast cancer colon and prostate cancer The omega 3 fatty acids present in fish or fish oil induce faster hair growth and prevent hair loss Since most varieties of fish are rich in protein eating fish helps to keep hair healthy Furthermore fish or fish oil helps in improving the condition of dry skin giving it a healthy glow It is useful in treating various skin problems such as eczema psoriasis itching redness of skin skin lesions and rashes It is well known that eating fish improves vision and prevents Alzheimer s and type-2 diabetes and can combat arthritis Further fish oil or fish is good for pregnant women as the DHA present in it helps in the development of the baby s eyes and brain It helps to avoid premature births low birth weights and miscarriages In addition it is widely known that fish can be a good substitute for pulses in cereal-based diets for the poor The global fish production was roughly 154 million tonnes in 2011 FAO 2012 It is estimated that by 2020 global fish requirements will be over 200 million tonnes as such innovative technological improvements are called for in order to improve the production and productivity in fisheries In this context this book provides valuable information for academics scientists researchers government officials and farmers on innovative technological advances for sustainablThe two volumes IFIP AICT 478 and 479 constitute the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 9th IFIP WG 5 …
14 International Conference on Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture CCTA 2015 held in Beijing China in September 2015 The 122 revised papers included in this volume were carefully selected from 237 submissions They cover a wide range of interesting theories and applications of information technology in agriculture including intelligent sensing monitoring and automatic control technology key technology and models of the Internet of things intelligent technology for agricultural equipment computer vision computer graphics and virtual reality computer simulation optimization and modeling cloud computing and agricultural applications agricultural big data decision support systems and expert systems 3s technology and precision agriculture quality and safety of agricultural products detection and tracing technology and agricultural electronic commerce technologyMinerals in Africa: Opportunities for the Continent’s Industrialisation
By Francis P. Gudyanga. 2020
Africa’s dire need to industrialize is universally acknowledged and it is evident that the continent’s vast mineral resources can catalyze…
that industrialization. This requires the promotion of local beneficiation and value addition of minerals to yield materials on which modern Africa’s industry and society can rely. This book is, therefore, about transforming Africa’s comparative advantages in minerals into the continent’s competitive edge regarding materials. Mineral beneficiation and value addition form the basis and provide opportunities for mineral-driven Africa’s industrialization. The scope of the book is three-fold with inter-connected relationships: Information, Technical, and Policy oriented. It will be a useful reference material for mining undergraduate students on beneficiation and value addition of each of the minerals found in Africa. The book, while presenting a broad overview of beneficiation and value addition of Africa’s minerals, provides crucial starting material for postgraduate research students and R&D institutions who wish to delve into more advanced methods of extraction and utilization of mineral-derived materials that are in Africa for the purpose of industrialization of the continent.Non-Traditional and Advanced Machining Technologies: Machine Tools and Operations
By Hassan El-Hofy, Helmi Youssef. 2021
Non-Traditional and Advanced Machining Technologies covers the technologies, machine tools, and operations of non-traditional machining processes and assisted machining technologies.…
Two separate chapters deal with the machining techniques of difficult-to-cut materials, such as stainless, super alloys, ceramics, and composites. Design for machining, accuracy and surface integrity of machined parts, environment-friendly machine tools and operations, and hexapods are also presented. The topics covered throughout reflect the rapid and significant advances that have occurred in various areas in machining technologies and are organized and described in such a manner to draw the interest of the reader. The treatments are aimed at motiving and challenging the reader to explore viable solutions to a variety of questions regarding product design and optimum selection of machining operations for a given task. The book will be useful to professionals, students, and companies in the areas of industrial, manufacturing, mechanical, materials, and production engineering fields.Traditional Machining Technology: Machine Tools and Operations
By Hassan El-Hofy, Helmi Youssef. 2021
Traditional Machining Technology describes the fundamentals, basic elements, and operations of general-purpose metal cutting and abrasive machine tools used for…
the production and grinding of cylindrical and flat surfaces by turning, drilling, and reaming; shaping and planing; and milling processes. Special-purpose machines and operations used for thread cutting, gear cutting, and broaching processes are included along with semiautomatic, automatic, NC, and CNC machine tools; operations, tooling, mechanisms, accessories, jigs and fixtures, and machine-tool dynamometry are discussed. The treatment throughout the book is aimed at motivating and challenging the reader to explore technologies and economically viable solutions regarding the optimum selection of machining operations for a given task. This book will be useful to professionals, students, and companies in the industrial, manufacturing, mechanical, materials, and production engineering fields.Groundwater Lowering in Construction: A Practical Guide to Dewatering
By Martin Preene, Pat M. Cashman. 2021
Praise for the Second Edition: "This is the book that the dewatering sector really needs – it is reliably based…
on sound theory and profound understanding of the physical processes, yet is presented in a very accessible and user-friendly manner. It draws on many, many decades of experience, and yet is utterly up to date. . . . It is a one-stop shop for the dewatering practitioner – who can nonetheless rest assured that the theoretical basis of the methods presented is flawless."— Professor Paul L. Younger, FGS, FICE, C.Geol., C.Eng., FREng, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK "The best reference on this topic available . . . and will prove useful to a wide variety of readers ranging from junior construction engineers or dewatering contractors to theoretical hydrogeologists and environmental managers. It is rare that a book is able to bridge the gap between theoretical design guidance and practical application." — S.N. Sterling, University of Waterloo, Canada The extensively updated Groundwater Lowering in Construction: A Practical Guide to Dewatering, 3rd Edition offers practical advice on all phases of groundwater control systems, from planning and design, through installation and maintenance, and ultimately decommissioning. The expertise provided in this book can help you improve working conditions, increase project viability, save time and reduce excavation costs. Designers and managers of construction and engineering projects are given the tools necessary to effectively control groundwater. The content is divided into three sections – Principles, Design and Construction. The Principles section explains the fundamentals of groundwater flow as it relates to civil engineering excavations. The Design section explores in extensive detail site investigation, permeability assessment methods and groundwater control strategies. Chapters in the Construction section describe dewatering and exclusion techniques, and examine the complete life cycle of a groundwater control scheme, including monitoring, maintenance and decommissioning. This section incorporates eleven case histories from the authors’ casebook. The 3rd edition has been greatly revised and updated, and contains more than 200 new illustrations. The new content covers: Permeability of soils and rocks Groundwater problems for excavations in rock Groundwater control for tunnelling projects, such as shafts and cross passages Methods for assessing permeability Decommissioning of dewatering systems Optimisation of groundwater control schemes. The new, expanded content offers valuable direction that can give you a true competitive advantage in the planning and execution of temporary and permanent dewatering works for excavation and tunnelling. Written for practising engineers, geologists and construction managers, as well as postgraduate engineering students, this revamped manual on design and practice presents numerous case studies and extensive references to enhance understanding. Martin Preene is a groundwater consultant, based in the UK. He has more than 30 years’ experience working on dewatering and groundwater control projects worldwide.The late Pat Cashman was the leading British exponent of groundwater control for his generation, championing a practical and straightforward approach for more than forty years.Combined Roof-Bolting Systems of Mine Workings
By V. Bondarenko, I. Kovalevska, H. Symanovych, M. Barabash, V. Chervatiuk, O. Husiev and V. Snihur. 2020
The basic principles of geomechanical processes occurring in mine workings during the extraction of minerals are discussed in this monograph.…
Particular attention is paid to the support system, specifically to the various roof-bolt and frame support designs, and also to the modern means providing resource-saving conditions for ensuring mine workings sustainability. The basic principles of the computing experiment performance at the modelling of geomechanical processes are also presented and the stress-strain state of "rock massif – mine working support" systems are investigated. Finally, the results of field studies are discussed and illustrated. Modern studies are presented in this work, the advanced support systems are introduced and the solution to the problem of low-cost rock pressure control in mine workings is described. Further the unique study in the thin-layer massif of weak rocks is conducted and the technical and economic aspects of mine workings maintenance during rocks heaving are described. The book will be of interest to scientists in research and design organizations in the mining sector, engineers and technological workers in mines, as well as university academics and students.5G+: How 5G Change the Society
By Zhengmao Li, Xiaoyun Wang, Tongxu Zhang. 2021
This book takes China Mobile's "5G +" plan as the mainline, introduces three major scenarios, nine indicators, system architecture and…
basic principles of 5G, and systematically explains the essence of China Mobile's "5G +" for the first time. A lot of industry use cases and solutions are introduced for 5G to bring new changes to life, industries, and social governance. This book can benefit all readers who are interested in 5G. It also can be a reference for vertical industry partners to fully understand the possible applications of 5G. Most of all, it will help to promote all industries with new developments based on 5G's new kinetic energy.World Internet Development Report 2018: Blue Book of World Internet Conference
By Chinese Academy of Cyberspace Studies. 2020
This book is an important outcome of the Fifth World Internet Conference. It provides a comprehensive account of the new…
trends and highlights of global Internet development over the past year, covering network infrastructure, information technology, digital economy, world internet media, cyber security, and international cyberspace governance. This year, the book improves the Global Internet Development Index System and adds more countries into the assessed list, in order to reflect more comprehensively, objectively and accurately the general situation of the world Internet development and thus to provide reference for all countries in promoting Internet development and governance.EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO HELP SCORE A PERFECT 5—now with 33% more practice than previous editions!Ace the 2021 AP Biology Exam…
with this comprehensive study guide, which includes 3 full-length practice tests, thorough content reviews, targeted strategies for every section, and access to online extras.Techniques That Actually Work.• Tried-and-true strategies to help you avoid traps and beat the test• Tips for pacing yourself and guessing logically• Essential tactics to help you work smarter, not harderEverything You Need to Know to Help Achieve a High Score.• Comprehensive content review for all test topics• Updated to align with the latest College Board standards• Engaging activities to help you critically assess your progress• Access to study plans, a handy list of key terms and concepts, helpful pre-college information, and more via your online Student ToolsPractice Your Way to Excellence.• 3 full-length practice tests with detailed answer explanations• Practice drills at the end of each content review chapter• End-of-chapter key term lists to help focus your studyingPREMIUM PRACTICE FOR A PERFECT 5—WITH THE MOST PRACTICE ON THE MARKET! Ace the 2021 AP Biology Exam with this Premium…
version of The Princeton Review's comprehensive study guide. Includes 6 full-length practice exams (more than any other major competitor), plus thorough content reviews, targeted test strategies, and access to online extras.Techniques That Actually Work.• Tried-and-true strategies to help you avoid traps and beat the test• Tips for pacing yourself and guessing logically• Essential tactics to help you work smarter, not harderEverything You Need to Know to Help Achieve a High Score.• Comprehensive content review for all test topics• Updated to align with the latest College Board standards• Engaging activities to help you critically assess your progress• Access to study plans, a handy list of key terms and concepts, helpful pre-college information, and more via your online Student ToolsPremium Practice for AP Excellence.• 4 full-length practice tests in the book with detailed answer explanations• 2 full-length practice tests online with detailed answer explanations• Practice drills at the end of each content review chapter• End-of-chapter key term lists to help focus your studyingWho Cares Wins: Reasons for Optimism in a Changing World
By Lily Cole. 2019
A rousing call to action, this book will leave you feeling hopeful that we can make a difference in the…
midst of an age of turmoil, destruction, and uncertainty.The climate crisis, mass extinctions, political polarization, extreme inequality--the world faces terrifying challenges that threaten to divide us, yet Lily Cole argues that it is up to us to actively choose optimism, collabo- rate, make changes, and define what is possible. Cole writes: "We are the ancestors of our future. The choices we make now and the actions we take today will define and transform future generations." Having collaborated with experts working on solutions to humanity's biggest challenges, Cole distills a vision for a sustainable and peaceful future. She explores divisive issues from fast fashion to fast food and from renewable energy to gender equality, and interviews some of today's greatest influencers: Sir Paul McCartney (musician and activist), Elon Musk (CEO of SpaceX), Gail Bradbrook (cofounder of Extinction Rebellion), Farhana Yamin (climate change lawyer and activist), Emily Shuckburgh (climate scientist), Stella McCartney (sustainable fashion designer), Livia Firth (cofounder of Eco-Age), and Lisa Jackson (vice president of environment, policy and social initiatives at Apple, former Administrator of the EPA). The book also features a 32-page photo insert documenting Lily's experiences around the world, as well as the artists, activists, and others who have inspired her, and her own--as yet unpublished--photography.