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Europe's Next Step: Organisational Innovation, Competition and Employment
By Raphael Kaplinsky, Lars Erik Andreasen, Benjamin Coriat, Friso Den Hertog. 1995
This book looks at the experience of 13 leading-edge European firms and institutions, drawn from the manufacturing services and health…
sectors. It shows how organisation has been the key to their productivity growth. It also shows that while Europe has much to learn from Japan and the USA, it has considerable expertise on which the production sector can grow.Institutional Frameworks and Labor Market Performance: Comparative Views on the US and German Economies
By David Soskice, Ronald Schettkat, Friedrich Buttler, Wolfgang Franz. 1995
Institutional Frameworks and Labor Market Performance produces an in-depth analysis of the functioning of various labor market institutions in both…
the USA and Germany. Particular emphasis is given to the substantial differences between the US and Germany in the ways important areas are regulated. The authors show that the impact of institutions on economic performance is ambivalent. They argue that in this sense, the decision is not one between regulation and deregulation but rather one between different degrees and forms of regulation.Human Error in Medicine (Human Error and Safety)
By Marilyn Sue Bogner. 1994
This edited collection of articles addresses aspects of medical care in which human error is associated with unanticipated adverse outcomes.…
For the purposes of this book, human error encompasses mismanagement of medical care due to: * inadequacies or ambiguity in the design of a medical device or institutional setting for the delivery of medical care; * inappropriate responses to antagonistic environmental conditions such as crowding and excessive clutter in institutional settings, extremes in weather, or lack of power and water in a home or field setting; * cognitive errors of omission and commission precipitated by inadequate information and/or situational factors -- stress, fatigue, excessive cognitive workload. The first to address the subject of human error in medicine, this book considers the topic from a problem oriented, systems perspective; that is, human error is considered not as the source of the problem, but as a flag indicating that a problem exists. The focus is on the identification of the factors within the system in which an error occurs that contribute to the problem of human error. As those factors are identified, efforts to alleviate them can be instituted and reduce the likelihood of error in medical care. Human error occurs in all aspects of human activity and can have particularly grave consequences when it occurs in medicine. Nearly everyone at some point in life will be the recipient of medical care and has the possibility of experiencing the consequences of medical error. The consideration of human error in medicine is important because of the number of people that are affected, the problems incurred by such error, and the societal impact of such problems. The cost of those consequences to the individuals involved in medical error, both in the health care providers' concern and the patients' emotional and physical pain, the cost of care to alleviate the consequences of the error, and the cost to society in dollars and in lost personal contributions, mandates consideration of ways to reduce the likelihood of human error in medicine. The chapters were written by leaders in a variety of fields, including psychology, medicine, engineering, cognitive science, human factors, gerontology, and nursing. Their experience was gained through actual hands-on provision of medical care and/or research into factors contributing to error in such care. Because of the experience of the chapter authors, their systematic consideration of the issues in this book affords the reader an insightful, applied approach to human error in medicine -- an approach fortified by academic discipline.Firms, Markets and Economic Change: A dynamic Theory of Business Institutions
By Richard N. Langlois, Paul L. Robertson. 1995
Traditonal western forms of corporate organization have been called into question by the success of Japanese keiretsu. Firms, Markets and…
Economic Change draws on industrial economics, business strategy, and economic history to develop an evolutionary model to show when innovation is best undertaken. The authors argue that innovation is a complex pSuccessful Communication Through NLP: A Trainer's Guide
By Sally Dimmick. 1995
Most professional trainers nowadays have some understanding of Neuro Linguistic Programming. They probably know that people take in information about…
the world through a 'preferred representational channel' and that we communicate better with people if we use their preferred channel - visual, auditory or kinaesthetic. Sally Dimmick’s book goes further. It shows how NLP principles can be applied to every aspect of training and which particular aids and methods are the most suitable for each channel. The first part of the text outlines the main concepts of NLP and explains how to identify a person’s preferred channel. It also looks briefly at the significance of learning styles. Part II examines each representational channel in turn and relates it to the corresponding training methods and materials. The final chapter provides ways of combining the channels so as to maximize the transfer of learning. The text is enlivened throughout by anecdotes, examples and illustrations. For teachers, trainers, managers and indeed anyone faced with the need to communicate in a professional way, Sally Dimmick’s guide will prove invaluable. It will be particularly welcomed by trainers looking for practical advice on how to use NLP.Funding Community Initiatives
By David Satterthwaite, Diana Mitlin, Silvina Arrossi, Felix Bombarolo, Jorge E Hardoy, Luis Perez Coscio. 1994
Despite four decades of development planning, at least one third of the urban population of Africa, Asia and Latin America…
remains poor. Over 600 million live in 'life and health threatening' homes and neighbourhoods because of poor housing and inadequate or no piped water, sanitation and health care. But even as the shortcomings of government and development programmes become more apparent, so do the untapped abilities of low-income groups and their community organizations to develop their own solutions. This book analyses the conditions necessary for successful community initiatives and includes case studies of 18 intermediary institutions (most of them Third World NGOs) who provide technical, legal and financial services to low-income households for constructing or improving housing. Many also work with community organizations in improving water, sanitation, drainage, health care and other community services. Through the analysis of innovative financial systems for income generation, house construction and service provision, Funding Community Initiatives considers the feasibility of loans for addressing current urban housing problems. It also considers how to increase greatly the scale and effectiveness of support going to low-income households and community organizations. This book will be of interest to students and professionals concerned with urban development in Africa, Asia and Latin America, especially those concerned with low income shelter and community finance.Globalization and Democratization in Asia: The Construction of Identity
By Catarina Kinnvall, Jösson Kinnvall. 1997
Globalization is a defining feature of our times, covering everything from economic and political issues to the spread of American…
culture. Its status is controversial, however with some viewing it as leading to greater development for all, while others see it as a threat to national cultures and democratic political life. This book shows how simplified such binary views are, and examines how various globalizing forces have affected Asian societies. It discusses the relationship between globalization, identity and democratic developments in Asia both theoretically and empirically, and aims to understand how economic, political and social forces interact and are mutually reinforced in Asian societies.This book, originally published in 1994, explores the effects of federal policies on the US auto industry in the 1970s…
and 80s which were designed to save jobs and help the domestic industry become more competitive. The author develops a new model based on modern oliopoly theory to estimate the effects of the voluntary Restraint Agreements (which limited Japanese imports) on the US auto market. The results demonstrate that VRAs caused price increases which adversely affected the comptitiveness of US producers. On the eve of a new Trump administration, and the likelihood of new restrictions on imports to boost US manufacturing, this book has particular enduring relevance.Hiring Practices and Labor Productivity (Routledge Library Editions: Human Resource Management #22)
By Marianne J. Koch. 1995
This title, first published in 1995, examines how certain human resource practices link to labor productivity, and sets out to…
explain why some firms choose particular practices while others do not. In order to clearly model the relationship between labor productivity and how the firm elects to manage its workers the author has focused on one aspect of HRM – the hiring process. This book contains the results of a research project in which the choice of recruitment and selection procedures and their relation to labor productivity for 495 U. S. businesses were investigated. Hiring Practices and Labor Productivity will be of interest to students of business studies and management.Creating Organizational Advantage
By Colin Egan. 1995
Creating Organizational Advantage presents a critical appraisal of fashions and fads in management theory. It exposes the strategic weaknesses of…
change programmes such as Total Quality Management and Business Process Re-Engineering and explains why so many companies fail to become 'market-led' or 'customer-focused'. An examination of global competitive forces and the internationalization pressures faced by companies provides insight into key strategic challenges as we approach the 21st century.Creating Organizational Advantage analyses: how globalization is forcing organizations to address their 'strategic sloppiness', why companies seek 'panacea' solutions to basic business problems, the strategic dimensions of organizational change programmes, the role of joint ventures and strategic alliances in compensating for shortfalls in core competencies.These key themes are integrated within a framework which proposes balanced solutions for organizational survival and strategic prosperity.Many of the ideas for the book came from the author's research consultancy and executive development experience with international organizations, including:Bass Taverns, British Steel, BT, Burmah Castrol, Cadbury Schweppes, CAMAS, Coopers & Lybrand, Coral, ECC, GPT, Grace Dearborn, Hitachi, Kodak, KPMG, Lucas Aerospace, Northern Telecom, Philips, Raychem, Reed Elsevier, Rolls-Royce plc, Shell Chemicals, Siemens-Nixdorf.Small Business Enterprise: An Economic Analysis
By Gavin Reid. 1995
The role of small business enterprise in a mature market economy is one of the major issues in contemporary industrial…
organization, and is the focus of this book. Small Business Enterprise brings new standards of rigour and insight into the study of small firms by importing contemporary ideas from industrial economics and by using up-to-date statistical and econometric techniques. Based on a uniquely rich set of data, Small Business Enterprise focuses on the early period after start-up of the small firm. It investigates competitive niches and how they are established, determinants of growth and profitability, the factors fostering survivial, and many other central issues. This core of economic analysis is complemented by an innovative case profile approach, which considers the real behaviour of small firms in a competitive environment; and a section on the political economy of small firms, which looks at the ethics of competition and the enterprise culture.The Limits of Organizational Change
By Herbert Kaufman. 1994
The environment of modern organizations is so complex and volatile that we take for granted that organizational change is necessary…
for organizational survival. Yet the literature on organizations has for years described manifold obstacles to such change. First published in 1971, this book extracts from that literature and from experience a comprehensive yet concise overview of those barriers. Because these elements of the analysis are as valid now as when they were originally written, The Limits of Organizational Change is still widely read and cited nearly a quarter-century later.From the premises of this argument, Kaufman drew a number of conclusions about organizational survival and extinction, age and size, centralization and decentralization, and organizational evolution. Subsequent research and reflection induced him to refine and modify some of those inferences. The modifications are spelled out in a new preface that gives fresh relevance to his findings and his conjectures.Yet The Limits of Organizational Change is not a ponderous, labored work. As one reviewer remarked, it is "a delightful set of essays . . . a review of empirical research in a witty, conversational style. . . ." (The Rocky Mountain Social Science Journal). It is a book one can enjoy as well as profit from, and will be a useful tool for managers, organizational studies scholars, and sociologists.Japan and Malaysian Economic Development: In the Shadow of the Rising Sun
By Jomo K. S.. 1994
The Japanese presence in Southeast Asia is treated variously with either suspicion or encouragement. Japan and Malaysian Development critically assesses…
different dimensions of Japan-Malaysia economic relations. The work presents a balanced collection of essays examining Japanese involvement in Malaysia. The volume also discusses the impact and consequences of Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir's 'Look East' policy, which advocated greater emphasis on trading relations with Japan.The Economics of the New Europe: From Community to Union
By Nigel M. Healey. 1995
Europe is in a period of rapid transition. The Single European Market has been completed, and many barriers to the…
free mvoement of goods, services, labour and capital have been removed. However the moves towards deeper European union, with full monetary union by 1999, have proved more problematic. Outside the EU, the collapse of communism has addeFinancial Crises: Understanding the Postwar U.S. Experience
By M. H. Wolfson. 1994
This book is a survey and critique of the major theories of financial crises. The first edition built a model…
of crisis from an analysis of postwar financial crises in the US through the mid-1980s. The second edition continues the story from 1985 and covers the stock market crash of 1987, the collapse of the Savings and Loan industry, the severe problems of US commercial banks, and the increasing risks posed by junk bonds. A new chapter analyses the causes of increasing financial instability in the 1980s. The book's extensive charts and tables are fully revised and updated to present the latest evidence. The first edition has gained wide interest as a supplemental text.New East Asian Economic Development: The Interaction of Capitalism and Socialism
By Lily Xiao Lee. 1994
This text documents the economic development of East Asian countries in order to highlight the beneficial techniques used to increase…
growth. Socialist and capitalist structures are discussed, complete with an analysis of the future extent of interaction between East Asian countries.The links between economic policy and economic growth are simultaneously obvious and obscure, with many factors interacting to influence the…
overall process. The list of relevant parameters affecting economic growth of interest to scholars and policymakers is lengthy and expanding. Although the importance of government policy is widely recognized,Strategic Planning for Not-for-Profit Organizations
By Robert E Stevens, David L Loudon, R Henry Migliore, Stanley G Williamson. 1995
Strategic Planning for Not-For-Profit Organizations covers all the steps involved in developing a strategic plan for a not-for-profit organization. Strategic…
planning has become a critical issue for not-for-profit organizations as they strive for direction and orderly adjustment to a changing environment. In this book, the authors describe a strategic planning process that will help readers bring direction and unity to their organizations and help create a sense of enthusiasm and anticipation as organizations’visions of what they can be begin to unfold. Strategic Planning for Not-For-Profit Organizations is both a tutorial and an easily accessible reference. It is packed with user-friendly information to help readers prepare their own strategic plans and evaluate plans created by others. The book presents essential concepts and techniques in a concise, readily usable form that readers can immediately use in decisionmaking. Worksheets and real-life examples throughout the book help readers in the step-by-step development of strategic plans for their own organizations. A set of appendixes includes a strategic plan outline and presents sample strategic plans so readers can see what one actually looks like and get a head start on theirs. A complete guide to strategic planning for not-for-profit organizations, this book covers everything from writing purpose or mission statements and setting goals to strategy development and evaluation and control procedures. Managers and administrators of not-for-profit organizations will find Strategic Planning for Not-For-Profit Organizations an extremely helpful guide for their planning duties. The book also serves as a valuable text or supplemental reading for college courses on managing not-for-profit organizations.A Brief History of Pollution
By Adam C. Markham. 1994
Originally published in 1994, this book links the distant past with the urgent problems of today, taking the reader on…
a literary and scientific tour of global pollution from pre-history to the post-industrial age. Ancient problems such as lead poisoning in Rome and water pollution in Mesopotamia provide the background to a discussion of modern catastrophes including the hole in the ozone layer, climate change and the global drinking water crisis. The book chronicles 800 years of pollution in London, charts the growth of environmental activism and spotlights the rise of the consumer society as the driving force behind today’s malaise.Blaming the Government: Citizens and the Economy in Five European Democracies
By Christopher A. Anzalone. 1995