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Showing 29681 - 29700 of 79015 items
By Eduardo Dâmaso. 2019
O livro que faltava sobre a corrupção, o crime invisível. Operação Marquês, Face Oculta, Operação Furacão, Universo Espírito Santo. Parecem…
títulos de policiais sumarentos mas são os nomes de alguns dos muitos casos recentes de corrupção no nosso País. Casos reais que vão destapando progressivamente o pântano da corrupção e mostrando os grupos de interesses que há quatro décadas mandam na política e na economia. Os grupos que destruíram grandes empresas, como a PT, e deixaram buracos gigantescos na Banca. A corrupção ...obriga os portugueses a pagar sucessivas bancarrotas de bancos mal geridos... ...rouba dos cofres do Estado milhões e milhões em derrapagens de obras púbicas... ...atribui perdões fiscais milionários mas é implacável com os pequenos contribuintes... ...tem para o País um custo anual próximo dos 18 mil milhões de Euros, quase 8 por cento do PIB. Olhemos a verdade de frente: Portugal tem um grave problema de corrupção. Mais de 4 décadas depois da viragem democrática, pouco mudou na eficácia do combate à corrupção e aos crimes económicos a ela associados. Entretanto, vários membros da chamada elite- de políticos a governantes, passando por banqueiros, advogados e empresários -têm feito fortunas com a incapacidade do País para punir os criminosos. Apesar disso, Portugal vai ignorando mais de 70% das recomendações da União Europeia para combater a corrupção. Porquê? De onde nasce a corrupção? O que lhe permite alastrar-se como fogo posto? E porque continuam impunes muitos dos seus mais vis protagonistas? E como podemos nós, cidadãos comuns, lutar para travar esta epidemia? Isso é o que veremos neste livro. «Uma justiça que não consegue explicar mistérios como o enriquecimento meteórico de alguns políticos, que não consegue explicar os milhões pagos em todo o tipo de negócios do e com o Estado, é uma justiça que não é apenas incompetente. É uma justiça controlada politicamente, por leis intencionalmente mal feitas, cheias de omissões e restritivas na possibilidade de produzir as provas dos crimes que são investigados. É uma justiça controlada por governos que andam há quase meio século a obrigá-la a mendigar meios técnicos e humanos, que metem os seus homens em lugares-chave e têm conseguido impor limitações de funcionamento impensáveis numa democracia moderna. Isaltino Morais, Duarte Lima, Oliveira e Costa, Sócrates, Armando Vara, Berardo, Zeinal Bava, Henrique Granadeiro, Nuno Vasconcellos, Ricardo Salgado, como vimos, são apenas os rostos mais visíveis dessa galáxia de dinheiro sujo que alimenta há mais de 40 anos uma boa parte da vida política e pública de Portugal.»By Albert Weale, Judith Bara. 2006
This new book introduces innovative research on democracy from the leading Comparative Manifestos Project (CMP). It details the key achievements of the project…
to date, illustrates how its findings may be applied, lays out the future challenges it faces and examines how the field as a whole can advance. It also presents a special assessment of the dimensionality of party competition, presenting ways in which research can be extended and related to broader approaches in Political Science and Theory. Although CMP research is widely used and constitutes the major comparative data set on party positions and ideological location, it is also subject to challenge. The volume therefore provides the reader with a clear sense of the key debates and questions surrounding its work. This volume also honours the life-time achievement of Professor Ian Budge, who has provided distinguished intellectual leadership for the CMP over the last twenty-five years. This is an essential point of reference for all comparative research on the functioning of democracies. This book will be of great interest to all students and scholars of politics and of democracy in particular.This is a succint and well-written book introducing a truly interdisciplinary approach to the study of copyright and related issues…
in contemporary popular culture in relation to the current development of Asian cinema, and questions how copyright is appropriated to regulate culture. It examines the many meanings and practices pertaining to "copying" in cinema, demonstrating the dynamics between globalization’s desire for cultural control and cinema’s own resistance to such manipulation. Focusing on the cinema of China, Taiwan and Hong Kong, and film 'piracy' in these countries, the book argues that ideas of cultural ownership and copyright are not as clear-cut as they may at first seem, and that copyright is used as a means through which cultural control is exercised by the cultural big business of the dominant power.By Philip Williams, Yenna Wu. 2006
Even in the twenty-first century, the contemporary Chinese prison camp remains a more obscure and poorly understood realm than the Forbidden…
City of old. Apolitical service organizations such as the International Red Cross have routinely been denied access to PRC prison camps and prison camp inmates who have smuggled out frank, unofficial accounts of their incarceration have only been published overseas, and often had their sentences extended as a result. Presenting extensive analysis of literary and biographical accounts, this illuminating book provides a window to the affective side and emotional tenor of day-to-day life in modern day labour camps. With contributions from well-known and respected scholars, the book covers the contentious issues of prison economics, prisoner 'remolding' and post-traumatic stress disorder. Drawing parallels with Soviet, Nazi and Japanese prison camp practice, this outstanding new book will be invaluable to those interested in how the human mind responds to extremity, as well as to scholars of Chinese history, politics, literature and sociology.By Anna McKeever. 2020
Immigration has become one of the central issues dominating the agenda of political parties, and has also played a crucial…
role in the rise of right-wing populism in Western Europe. This book explores the role of conservative parties in immigration policy change. The following questions are addressed: What explains the introduction of restrictive immigration policies across a number of European states? Why do conservative parties choose to toughen their immigration policy stances? How can we explain the variation in the factors that affect conservative parties’ immigration policy-making logics? What mechanisms account for the dynamics of immigration policy change or policy deadlock? Based on interviews with political elites and policy makers in the UK, Switzerland and France, the book explains why governmental conservative parties in these countries revised their immigration policy stances and steered immigration policy in a more restrictive direction between 2002 and 2015.By Marc Debus, Thomas Bräuninger, Jochen Müller, Christian Stecker. 2020
Unterscheidet sich die nordrhein-westfälische CDU eines Jürgen Rüttgers programmatisch von der hessischen Union unter Führung von Roland Koch? Steht die…
SPD im Saarland weiter links von der Mitte als die Sozialdemokraten im benachbarten Rheinland-Pfalz? Wenn ja, warum ist das der Fall? Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die bundeslandsspezifischen Eigenheiten des Parteienwettbewerbs anhand einer Analyse aller zwischen 1990 und 2010 verfassten Landtagswahlprogramme. Dies geschieht vor dem Hintergrund der historischen Entwicklung der Parteiensysteme in den Ländern einerseits und auf Grundlage theoretischer Modelle andererseits. Die Ergebnisse zeichnen ein differenziertes Bild des Parteienwettbewerbs im deutschen Mehrebenensystem. Sie zeigen die Unterschiede in den programmatischen Positionen der Parteien in den verschiedenen Politikfeldern auf, die ihre Ursachen in der Sozialstruktur der jeweiligen Wählerschaft, aber auch in taktischen Bestrebungen der Parteien bei Landtagswahlen haben. Die Eigenständigkeit des regionalen Parteienwettbewerbs im Vergleich zum bundespolitischen zeigt sich schließlich in der Bedeutung der inhaltlichen Ausrichtungen der Landesparteien für die Regierungsbildung in den Bundesländern.This is an accessible new examination of what ‘security’ means today, contextualizing the term amongst other key ideas, such as the…
nation state, diplomacy, war and autonomy. By exploring the many differing conceptions of security, this study clearly explains how the idea of security in world affairs can be understood in relation to other ideas and points of view. It shows how, when standing alone, the word ‘security’ is meaningless, or just an empty term, when divorced from other ideas distinctive to international life. This essential new volume tackles the key questions in the debate: what norms of sovereignty relate to security? does security necessarily follow from the recognition of identity? what sort of obligations in respect of security attach to power? how far can a political arrangement of empire remedy human insecurity? can trusteeship provide security in a world of legally equal sovereign states? is security the guarantor of freedom? This book is an excellent resource for students and scholars of security studies and politics and international relations.By Anthony Burke. 2006
In a world plagued by war and terror, Beyond Security, Ethics and Violence sounds a warning: not only are global…
patterns of insecurity, violence and conflict getting ever more destructive and out of hand, but the ways we understand and respond to them will only prolong the crisis. When security is grounded in exclusion and alienation, ethics licenses killing and war, and freedom is a mask for imperial violence, how should we act? Anthony Burke offers a groundbreaking analysis of the historical roots of sovereignty and security, his critique of just war theory, and important new essays on strategy, the concept of freedom and US exceptionalism. He pursues critical engagements with thinkers such as Giorgio Agamben, Hardt and Negri, Emmanuel Levinas, Carl Von Clausewitz, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Michael Walzer, Michel Foucault and William Connolly. Combining a diversity of critical thought with analyses of the War on Terror, Iraq, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the Vietnam War, the Indonesian crisis, globalization and the new drive for empire, Burke refuses easy answers, or to abandon hope. This innovative study will be of interest to students and researchers of politics and international relations, security studies, social and cultural theory and philosophy.This new book analyzes how the Soviet leadership evaluated developments in Soviet-Vietnamese relations in the years from 1949 to 1964.…
Focusing on how Soviet leaders actually perceived China’s role in Vietnam relative to the Soviet role, it shows how these perceptions influenced the Soviet-Vietnamese relationship. It also explains how and when Moscow’s enthusiasm for the active Chinese role in Vietnam came to an end – or, in other words, from what point was Beijing’s involvement in Vietnam perceived as a liability rather than an asset, in the strategies of Soviet policy makers. This book is an excellent resource for all students with an interest in Soviet-Vietnamese relations and of strategic studies and international relations in general.By Randall Peerenboom, Albert H. Y. Chen, Carole J. Petersen. 2006
Human Rights in Asia considers how human rights are viewed and implemented in Asia. It covers not just civil and political…
rights, but also social, economic and cultural rights. This study discusses the problems arising from the fact that ideas of human rights have evolved in Western liberal democracies and examines how far such values are compatible with Asian values and applicable in Asian contexts. Core chapters on France and the USA provide a benchmark on how human rights have emerged and how they are applied and implemented in a civil law and a common law jurisdiction. These are then followed by twelve chapters on the major countries of East Asia plus India, each of which follows a common template to consider the context of the legal system in each country, black letter law, legal discussions and debates and key current issues concerning human rights in each jurisdiction.By M. J. Peterson. 2006
The United Nations General Assembly is arguably the most important discussion forum in global politics. This is a concise and accessible introduction…
to its history, organization and politics. Examining the development of the Assembly as a forum for improving international cooperation, this study details its development of shared norms and goals in the political context of the immediate post-World War II era. The Assembly has had to adapt quickly to the Cold War, the South-North contentions over development, the dissolution of the Soviet bloc and the rise in concern about terrorism. This study also presents a fascinating look ahead to three potential futures: a world of states, a world government, and a world of network governance. To flourish in any of these contexts it shows how the practices of the institution will require considerable change. The common criticisms of the Assembly are also covered in depth, such as that it is just a talking shop; that it is hamstrung by the Security Council and that it benefits the rich at the expense of the poor. This is an ideal book for students of the United Nations, international organizations and global governance.By Gordon Adams, Guy Ben-Ari. 2006
A unique look at European Network Enabled Capabilities (NEC) and their implications for transatlantic co-operation in future operations. Gordon Adams and Guy…
Ben-Ari identify the key requirements for improvement of Europe’s abilities as an international actor. They focus on national and collaborative, as well as existing and planned, networks. They clearly show the reader how, with the removal of the risks of Soviet invasion, European defence planners must now modify their strategies and capabilities to address new threats, both at home and overseas. They also show why future operations within international coalitions will require network-based capabilities that can interoperate. Europe possesses a technological and industrial base adequate to supply such capabilities, and its defence strategies are gradually being modified to emphasize expeditionary forces operations within coalition settings. However, much remains to be done. This volume tackles the key challenges facing European nations who need to operate alongside each other and with their North American allies more effectively and efficiently. This book will be of great interest to all students of European affairs and politics, international relations and military and strategic studies.By Jan Zielonka, Hans-Dieter Klingemann, Dieter Fuchs. 2006
What is the relationship between democracy and political culture in countries undergoing major systemic change? Have subjective political orientations of…
citizens been important in shaping the development of democracy in central and eastern Europe after the fall of communism? These core questions are tackled by an impressive range of twenty political scientists, sixteen of which are based in the central and eastern European countries covered in this essential new book. Their analyses draw on a unique set of data collected and processed by the contributors to this volume within the framework of the World Values Survey project. This data enables these authors to establish similarities and differences in support of democracy between a large number of countries with different cultural and structural conditions as well as historical legacies. The macro-level findings of the book tend to support the proposition that support of democracy declines the further east one goes. In contrast, micro-level relationships have been found to be astonishingly similar. For example, support of democracy is always positively related to higher levels of education – no matter where an individual citizen happens to live. This new book builds a clear understanding of what makes democracies strong and resistant to autocratic temptation.By Ian Jeffries. 2006
There is currently widespread interest in the Chinese economy, due to its huge and rapid growth, and the consequent impact…
on world business and the world economy. At the same time, there are concerns about China's political system, China's human rights record and the degree to which reform - the development of 'socialism with Chinese characteristics' - represent real liberalization. Providing an overview of earlier events in order to set the context in which economic and political development have taken place, the book traces economic and political growth in China from the early 1990s to the present. Covering Hong Kong, Macao, Tibet and Taiwan, the book discusses China's relations, including international trade with its neighbours and with the international community more widely. Other key topics covered include the growth of the market, the reform of state owned enterprises, human rights and SARS.By Lawrence Sondhaus. 2006
A much-needed survey and synopsis of literature on strategic culture and ways of war. It clearly shows how national strategies and…
approaches to warfare are, to a significant extent, culturally determined. The concept of national ‘ways of war’ dates from the 1930s, when Basil H. Liddell Hart theorized that there was a ‘British Way in Warfare’. The concept of "strategic culture" dates from the 1970s, when Jack Snyder introduced it to explain why leaders of the Soviet Union did not behave according to rational choice theory. These ideas have gained wide acceptance among historians of international politics and warfare, and remain controversial for political scientists seeking general or universal theoretical understanding of such subjects. Because political scientists have focused on strategic culture and historians on ways of war, this work will greatly benefit both audiences and provide each with valuable exposure to the ideas of the other.By Denise Garcia. 2006
This book examines the emergence of new international norms to govern the spread of small arms, and the extent to…
which these norms have been established in the policies and practices of states, regions and international organizations. It also attempts to establish criteria for assessing norm emergence, and to assess the process of norm development by comparing what actually happens at the multilateral level. If norm-making on small arms and related multilateral negotiations have mostly dealt with ‘illicit arms’, and most of the norms examined here fall on the arms supplier side of the arms equation, the author argues that the creation of international norms and the setting of widely agreed standards amongst states on all aspects of the demand for, availability, and spread of both legal and illegal small arms and light weapons must become central to the multilateral coordination of policy responses in order to tackle the growing violence associated with small arms availability. Small Arms and Security will be of interest to researchers and professionals in the fields of peace and conflict studies, global governance, international security and disarmament.By Jane Jacobs. 1993
This special edition of Jane Jacobs's masterpiece, "The Death and Life of Great American Cities", features a new Introduction by…
Jason Epstein, the book's original editor, who provides an intimate perspective on Jacobs herself and unique insights into the creation and lasting influence of this classic.This major new study shows how war can be thought of in terms of proactive risk management rather than in…
terms of conventional threat response. It addresses why the study of ‘risk management’ has helped fields such as sociology and criminology conceptualize new policy challenges but has made limited impact on Strategic Studies with new case studies of recent Anglo-American military campaigns in Kosovo, Afghanistan and Iraq. The author shows how ‘risk' is now a key defining feature of our globalized era, encompassing issues from global financial meltdown, terrorism, infectious diseases, to environmental degradation and how its vocabulary, such as the Precautionary Principle, now permeates the way we think about war, and how it now appears in US and UK defence policy documents, and speeches from both civilian and military staff. This book will be of great interest to all students and scholars of strategic studies, war studies, international relations and globalization.The former President of the United States, Bill Clinton and, at the time of publication, still current Prime Minister of the…
United Kingdom, Tony Blair have described their style of government as a ‘Third Way’. In this important and timely book, Flavio Romano identifies and clarifies the economic implications of this particular approach to public governance. Testing the validity of President Clinton’s and Prime Minister Blair’s claims of practising a Third Way Romano submits their economic policies to extensive theoretical and historical analysis. Through careful and detailed examination of their fiscal, monetary, education, employment and public and private investment policies, overwhelming evidence is presented to challenge these leaders’ claim of practising what they preach. This engaging book will be of great interest to students and practitioners of economics and politics and to those interested in world politics in general.By Mary Kaldor, Marlies Glasius. 2005
A Human Security Doctrine for Europe explores the actual needs of individual people in conflict areas, rather than using a conventional institutional or…
geo-political perspectives. This new volume proposes that Europe should develop a new kind of human security capability that involves the military, the police and civilians all working together to enforce law rather than to fight wars. It argues that threats such as weapons of mass destruction or terrorism can only be countered if we address the insecurity of people in all parts of the world. Many people in the world lead intolerably insecure lives. In large parts of Africa, the Balkans, Central Asia and the Middle East, men and women live in daily fear of violent attacks, kidnapping, rape, extortion, robbery or trafficking. The existence of large military apparatuses does not create security; indeed, as in Iraq, the use of regular military forces may only make things worse. This stimulating study includes: two chapters setting out the changed global context and proposing new approaches to security five regional studies on the Balkans, the Great Lakes Region, the Middle East, the South Caucasus and West-Africa four studies on different aspects of EU security policy, including the legal setting, the role of women, operational principles and the role of the new member states four operational studies on capabilities, resources and institutional embedding Written by a diverse team of international experts, this book will of be of strong interest to students and researchers of security studies, peace studies, human rights and international relations.