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Psycho-Analytic Insight and Relationships: A Kleinian Approach
By Isca Salzberger-Wittenberg. 1973
Melanie Klein has been one of the most important contributors to our thinking about human development and human personality. In…
this classic text, Isca Salzberger-Wittenberg demonstates through theoretical exposition and the use of case material the ways in which Melanie Klein's main concepts and theories illuminate the practice of social casework. These theories are often complex and controversial, but this concise and lucid account continues to enable social workers and others in helping professions to judge the relevance of the Kleinian approach for themselves.Guilt: Its Meaning and Significance (Psychology Revivals)
By John G. McKenzie. 1962
It is acknowledged by most students of human behaviour that the idea of guilt is closely connected with that of…
man’s freedom and responsibility. It is a theme of law-court and pulpit, a concern of psychoanalysis and probation officers, a growing pre-occupation of the novelist. Our era has even been described as a ‘guilt-consciousness age’. It comes as a surprise, therefore, to discover that there are so few modern books in which the meaning of guilt is thoroughly explored. In the present volume, originally published in 1962, Dr J.G. McKenzie makes an admirable attempt to fill the gap. He begins by describing and analysing the various senses in which the word ‘guilt’ is used and by making a number of important distinctions. There follows a close psychological study of the origin and development of guilty feelings which is illumined by Dr McKenzie’s interpretation of ‘negative’ and ‘positive’ conscience. The author then turns to the legal, ethical and religious concepts of guilt and examines each with care and insight, always raising and facing the deepest issues for both theory and practice. In the concluding section of the book he deals with the question ‘How can the sense of guilt be dissipated?’ Against the backdrop of depth-psychology and theology he offers a penetrating and provocative understanding of divine forgiveness which plumbs the deeps both of man’s sin and of God’s love. Dr McKenzie writes out of a long lifetime of teaching and of clinical work in psychotherapy. The range of his reading and interests is extraordinarily wide. Through all his writing there shines not only his profound concern for people but his lively and indeed infectious conviction that man is still in the making and that his one true Maker is God.The terms mental health, maturity, personality integration, self-actualization have been used by psychologists to represent the realm of the ideal…
or optimal personality. Originally published in 1974, Professor Richard Coan here describes a method of analysing this domain, and examines the important theoretical implications of his findings. He developed instruments to measure various characteristics, including personal consistency, the experience of control and openness to experience, which are associated with current concepts of sound psychological functioning. A battery containing these instruments was administered to several hundred subjects and analysed. The results, reported here, are enlightening. It was found, for example, that the different characteristics viewed by psychologists as traits of the ideal person do not constitute a unitary pattern. There is no evidence of a general dimension of personality integration or mental health. A number of independent components or factors of sound functioning were isolated. Some desirable traits were discovered to be inversely related to each other, many of these relationships appearing to involve a choice between an open or spontaneous orientation and a more ordered and controlled orientation. The author’s view, fully supported by his findings, is that if people are to achieve maximal realization of their potentials, a clear requisite is the flexible utilization of various modes of experiencing and acting.Toys and Playthings: In Development and Remediation (Psychology Library Editions: Child Development #10)
By Elizabeth Newson, John Newson. 1979
John and Elizabeth Newson were well known for their studies of child rearing, which have combined a rigorous research methodology…
with sympathetic insights into family life and a lively approach to scientific reporting. ‘Path-breaking’, ‘brilliant’, ‘seminal’, ‘outstanding’, ‘fascinating’, ‘enthralling’ and ‘enchanting’ are some of the adjectives used by critics to describe their previous books. They now turn their attention to toys, the ‘pegs on which children hang their play’, a study for which they are uniquely qualified. Not only had they long experience in normal child development: they had been actively involved for many years in research and training in remedial play for disabled children, their research unit was a major influence in the phenomenal development of the toy libraries self-help movement, they designed for and advised the toy industry, and they had their own family-run specialist toyshop. With this background, it is not surprising that their book on toys and playthings is both informative and entertaining on many different fronts. Richly observant, it follows the child’s development in play from using the mother or father as the ‘first and best toy’, through the exploratory and manipulative sequences, to the use of toys in ritual, symbolic or contemplative ways. Against this detailed understanding of ‘ordinary’ children’s growth points in play, the Newsons and their collaborators examine the special needs of disabled children, with a firm emphasis on how parents can help. What is more, in providing an intensely practical guide for the parents and teachers of the disabled child, they draw out comparative insights which are enlightening and absorbing for those whose children do not have such urgent problems. Once again the Newsons share with the reader the viewpoints and preoccupations of research workers in the field. There is indeed a continual sense of ‘work in progress’, and nowhere more than in the chapter on using toys for developmental assessment, where the reader is given a hot line to a laboratory (i.e. playroom) notes used in their own research unit at the time in a welcome move away from the rigid test-bound assessment of ‘special’ children. The book is enriched by the authors’ sharp awareness that the history of playthings has a far longer perspective than the history of child psychology. They are not basically interested in educational toys as such, but in all the objects, made or found, on which the child hones his skill, his reasoning powers, his imagination, his emotions or his sense of humour. Fairground baubles, joke toys and poppy-head dolls are as much a part of this book as bricks, sorting boxes and teddy bears. In the Newsons’ own words: ‘We hope that people who simply like toys as objects will find something in this book to interest them; we suspect, indeed, that liking toys will be what all readers, whatever their reason for opening the book, have in common’.Psychology: A Study of Mental Life (Psychology Revivals)
By Robert S. Woodworth, Donald G. Marquis. 1949
First published in 1922, this popular title by R. S Woodworth was revised several times. This twentieth edition from 1949…
brought D.G. Marquis on board and was thoroughly revised again, originally published in its current form in 1963. One of the most famous and successful introductions to psychology ever published, this book was very popular in universities and training colleges at the time. Now available again after many years it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context.Jacques Lacan
By Anika Lemaire. 1979
The work of Jaques Lacan, eminent French psychoanalyst and influential thinker (1901-1981), is recognized as being of vital importance to…
psychoanalysts, philosophers, and all those concerned with the the study of man and language. Its value is not limited to the field of psychoanalysis alone, but provides the basis for a new philosophy of man and a new theory of discourse. It is, however, notoriously difficult for the non-specialist reader to come to terms with Lacan's reading of Freud and his investigations of the unconscious. Until now, there has been no satisfactory general introduction to Lacan, and this first general exposition of his work, translated and revised from the French edition, is designed to provide the conceptual tools which will enable the reader to study Lacan using the original texts.Psychology, Psychotherapy and Evangelicalism (Psychology Revivals)
By J. G. McKenzie. 1940
Originally published in 1940, this is a contribution to the better understanding of Evangelical experience and doctrine. It is the…
author’s belief that the application of psychology to religion in general can make little or no further advance except through the study of particular types of religious experience. The various psychotherapeutic techniques provide the means for such a study, and in this volume they are applied to Evangelicalism. At first the author attempts to justify this application to Evangelical experience and doctrine, and outlines what he believes to be the essence of Evangelicalism. Part 2 of the book begins the contribution proper with an attempt to get a clear view of conscience and proceeds to salvation and its problems: conversion, guilt, sin, forgiveness, atonement. Part 3 deals with Evangelical experience and doctrine and the spiritual life of the Evangelical, and concludes with some general applications of psychology to Church work.Stepfamilies: A Guide To Working With Stepparents And Stepchildren
By Emily B. Visher. 1980
Studies the differences between stepfamilies and nuclear families, and the adjustments and stresses families face as a result of remarriage. …
Demonstrates numerous therapeutic models with techniques which may be used in individual or group therapy Special attention given to the problems of children in stepfamilies.Temperament: A Survey of Psychological Theories (Psychology Library Editions: History of Psychology)
By Constance Bloor. 1928
Originally published in 1928, this title attempts to give a short historical outline of the treatment which ‘temperament’ had received…
at the hands of psychological theory. From the time of Hippocrates ‘temperament’ had figured in philosophical and psychological writings as one of the constituents which determine behaviour. The language in which it had been treated had been vague and obscure, and this, combined with the equally indeterminate associations which were carried over from the speech of everyday life at the time, had contrived to surround the subject with an atmosphere of unreality which was in sharp contrast to the significance of the role assigned to it.Children's Dreams (Routledge Revivals)
By Charles William Kimmins. 1920
Originally published in 1920, Children's Dreams offers a rough classification of the type of dream peculiar to children of different ages,…
showing the variation from year to year and the influence of the environment. Considering children's dreams according to different age brackets ranging from five to eighteen years of age, and also considering the dreams of deaf and blind children, this book understands the important part played by the unconscious in the child's normal behaviour and recognises its educational value.Dr Saugstad’s dominant interest was in the area of thinking. Many psychologists would have been familiar with his published work…
in this field at the time. To gain a clearer understanding of the thought processes, he carried out extensive studies of perception. First published in 1965, this book originated in an attempt to reconcile a phenomenological and a behavioristic approach to psychology. Basic assumptions in phenomenology, behavioristics and psychophysics are examined. It is shown that in phenomenology theoretical concepts tend to be treated as observations, whereas in behavioristics observations tend to be treated as theoretical concepts. It is pointed out that the relationship between observer and observed event is confused throughout the history of psychology. This confusion, the author insists, is due to the fact that man’s cognitive processes are to a large extent unknown. In relating observations to each other, the psychologist will of necessity contaminate his observations unless he follows specific rules. This fundamental point had apparently not been previously realized by psychologists. In order to develop an adequate conception of scientific psychology, the nature of man’s cognitive processes must be taken into account. When this is done, one sees that drastic revisions of current conceptions of psychology are necessary. This book presents a conception of psychology which does take into account man’s cognitive processes.Problems of Historical Psychology (Psychology Library Editions: History of Psychology)
By Zevedei Barbu. 1960
Originally published in 1960, this study was rooted in the conviction that a close cooperation between the disciplines of psychology…
and history opened new and fruitful perspectives for the understanding of both fields. The title is an investigation of the connection between history and psychology, discussing how a society shapes and conditions the minds of those born into it. The author takes a close look at Greek society at the time of Pericles, and English society of the Elizabethan era. Though presented in the idiom of psychology, the problems with which this book is concerned, should appeal to historian and psychologist alike.The Sleep Instinct (Routledge Library Editions: Sleep and Dreams #6)
By Ray Meddis. 1977
Most of us believe that we sleep in order to rest our tired bodies and minds. Originally published in 1977,…
this centuries-old common-sense view is challenged by Ray Meddis, who describes and argues for a controversial new theory of the nature and function of sleep. The theory seeks to replace the old view with the idea that sleep may no longer serve any important function in modern man. Whereas the sleep instinct helps animals to survive by driving them to hide away for as long as possible each day, this is no longer a valuable asset in civilised surroundings. Nevertheless, as the author explains, we still feel driven by a primeval urge beyond conscious control to crawl away every evening to the security of our beds to wait out the dangerous hours of darkness which were such a threat to our ancestors. Contrary to contemporary wisdom, he also argues that dreaming is a primitive and particularly valueless kind of sleep – a crude a dangerous heritage from our reptilian ancestors which is kept to a bare minimum in most adult warm-blooded creatures. Ray Meddis writes in a non-technical style and succeeds admirably in making the science of sleep and intensive research studies on sleep accessible and even exciting for the general reader as well as for the scientist. He shows that not everyone is bound by a felt need for sleep; in fact, some human beings discussed at length in the book thrive on less than two hours sleep a night without any ill effects. The implications of the research described are little short of sensational; in particular, Dr Meddis believes that it is well within the bounds of possibility that future research will show us how changes can be brought about in normal people to free them from the bondage of their sleep instincts. This new perspective also leads directly into a radical reappraisal of the nature of insomnia and new possibilities for treatment.Revival: And Other Mental Diseases (Routledge Revivals)
By Charles Arthur Mercier. 1914
This book was primarily intended for the use of students of medicine, as an introduction to the study of insanity,…
to give them a general notion of the subject without going into much detail, and incidentally to be of use to them in examinations. It was not intended as an advanced book for those who make a special study of insanity.The Behavioral Significance of Color (Psychology Library Editions: Comparative Psychology)
By Edward H. Burtt JR. 1979
Prior to publication the study of animal coloration was plagued by fanciful speculations, post hoc explanations and untestable hypotheses. This…
title, originally published in 1979, draws together widely scattered research into the coloration of animals; formulates predictive hypotheses to account for color; documents the accuracy of many of these hypotheses; and suggests directions for future research. The book grew out of a symposium, The Behavioral Significance of Color at the 1977 meeting of the Animal Behavior Society, and presents evidence concerning patterns of coloration and their influence on animal behaviour and interaction Physical principles of radiation are discussed in Chapter 1, followed, in subsequent chapters, by an examination of the physiological functions of animal coloration (e.g. thermoregulation, hydroregulation, abrasion-resistance, extraretinal photoreception). Treatment of coloration that affects the animal’s visibility to other animals opens with a masterful overview of theories of color vision and its occurrence throughout the animal kingdom. Chapter 6 explores the role of color vision and fruit color in the selection of food by wild primates with comments on the coevolution of fruiting trees and their primate customers. Dr Jack P. Hailman addresses the elusive concept of conspicuousness. He summarizes a strategy for calculating conspicuous coloration based on measurements in natural habitats. Experiments, naturalistic observations and anecdotes of optical communication are exceedingly numerous. Chapters 8 and 9 review these data and suggest general principles of inter- and intraspecific optical communication. Each chapter is enhanced by the critical evaluations of Drs. C. Richard Tracy and W. J. Hamilton III. In closing, the editor discusses coloration as it affects an animal’s own vision (e.g., black eyelines to reduce glare). Most significantly the book emphasizes the need for a balanced, scientifically rigorous approach to the question of evolution of animal coloration. It is an important source for anyone contemplating or currently involved in research in this field of investigation.Psychiatry Observed (Routledge Library Editions: Psychiatry #4)
By Geoffrey Baruch, Andrew Treacher. 1978
Originally published in 1978, with the reform of the 1959 Mental Health Act under consideration, it was time to re-examine…
the recent policy of desegregating the mentally ill and treating them within general hospital psychiatric units rather than in mental hospitals. This shift in policy reflected a number of significant trends in contemporary British psychiatry. It signified the acceptance of the idea that mental disorder is like a physical illness and should be treated as such, within the same buildings. It had also brought the psychiatric profession closer to the mainstream of medicine and had conferred on it a status similar to that enjoyed by other branches of the medical profession. In this study, however, the authors question much of British psychiatric practice at the time. Part of the book is devoted to explaining how the psychiatric profession had been able to establish a hegemony over the mental health field, and consequently subordinate the other mental health professions to minor roles. The main emphasis of the book is on the controversial policy of desegregation of the mentally ill. The historical development of general psychiatric units is discussed, then a case study documenting the ‘careers’ of three patients who passed through one such unit is presented, providing a fascinating insight into the way in which the unit operated as a diagnostic and therapeutic centre. Finally, an analysis is made of some of the issues raised by the study. In particular, the staff structure of psychiatric centres and the processes of assessment and treatment are considered in detail.Community Psychology and the Schools: A Behaviorally Oriented Multilevel Approach (Routledge Library Editions: Psychology of Education)
By John E. Lochman, George J. Allen, Jack M. Chinsky, Stephen W. Larcen, Howard V. Selinger. 1976
Originally published in 1976, this volume begins with a theoretical overview of the major trends in the community psychology movement…
at the time, as well as a perspective on how the field was developing. The emphasis is on the utility of combining a preventative community-centered orientation with an applied behavioral-analytic focus. The authors take general theoretical notions and demonstrate how they can be turned to concrete methods of dealing with specific practical problems that occur in implementing a ‘real-life’ program of community oriented intervention. The authors present an innovative model for developing a low cost and effective delivery system for mental health services in public schools. They describe the actual development and implementation of such a system in the school, and also include a comprehensive evaluative scheme for determining the efficacy of this type of endeavor. The actual behavior change strategies that are employed can be used effectively by teaching personnel or psychologists on either a large or small scale. A final unique feature of the volume is the inclusion of a program that will assist teachers and mental health professionals in helping elementary school students learn social problem-solving skills.Revival: The Psychology of Handwriting (Routledge Revivals)
By Robert Saudek. 1925
Graphology, in English and American manuals of handwriting, stands in the relation with all other pseudo-sciences, founded on half truths…
and wrought with superstition and amateur fads, compared to modern science. In this book, the author attempts to put before the English public the fundamental principles, methods and laws of scientific graphology. Contents: common objections to graphology and their refutation; history of graphology; physiology and psychology of writing; random test of the correctness of methods explained; practical hints for drawing up of graphological analyses; specimens of analysis.Susan Isaacs: The First Biography (Routledge Library Editions: Psychology of Education)
By D.E.M. Gardner. 1969
Originally published in 1969, this is the first biography of Susan Isaacs, the first attempt to estimate her incalculable contribution…
to the theory and practice of the education of young children. As a pioneer of new teaching methods, Susan Isaacs will be remembered mainly for her work at the Malting House School in Cambridge in the 1920s, and her contribution was such that in 1933 the Department of Child Development at the University of London, Institute of Education was specially created for her; she was Head of the Department until 1943. But Susan Isaacs was also a psychoanalyst, and D.W. Winnicott in his Foreword refers to the time when he was supplying cases for her child analysis training: ‘I watched with interest her sensitive management of the total family situation, a difficult thing when one is engaged in learning while carrying out a psycho-analytic treatment involving daily sessions over years.’ D.E.M. Gardner, who was a close friend as well as student of Susan Isaacs, begins by describing Susan’s childhood in a Lancashire cotton town, and throughout the book she helps us to feel the force of Susan’s personality and intellect – ‘she was a truly great person, one who has had a tremendous influence for good on the attitude of parents and of teachers to the children in their care’.