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On Salafism offers a compelling new understanding of this phenomenon, both its development and contemporary manifestations. Salafism became associated with…
fundamentalism when the 9/11 Commission used it to explain the terror attacks and has since been connected with the violence of the so-called Islamic State. With this book, Azmi Bishara critically deconstructs claims of continuity between early Islam and modern militancy and makes a counterargument: Salafism is a wholly modern construct informed by specific sociopolitical contexts. Bishara offers a sophisticated account of various movements—such as Wahabbism and Hanbalism—frequently collapsed into simplistic understandings of Salafism. He distinguishes reformist from regressive Salafism, and examines patterns of modernization in the development of contemporary Islamic political movements and associations. In deconstructing the assumptions of linear continuity between traditional and contemporary movements, Bishara details various divergences in both doctrine and context of modern Salafisms, plural. On Salafism is a crucial read for those interested in Islamism, jihadism, and Middle East politics and history.Islam and Biomedicine (Philosophy and Medicine #137)
By Afifi Al-Akiti, Aasim I. Padela. 2022
This book showcases multidisciplinary research at the intersection of the Islamic tradition and biomedicine. Within this broad area of scholarship,…
this book considers how Islamic theological constructs align with the science and practice of medicine, and in so doing offer resources for bridging the challenges of competing ontological visions, varied epistemic frameworks, and different theologies of life and living among the bodies of knowledge. By bringing together theologians, medical practitioners and intellectual historians, the book spurs deeper conversations at the intersection of these fields and provides fundamental resources for further dedicated research.Selected Proceedings from the 1st International Conference on Contemporary Islamic Studies (ICIS 2021)
By Nur Nafhatun Md Shariff, Mohd Asmadi Yakob, Zety Sharizat Hamidi, Zeiad Amjad Abdulrazzak Aghwan, Najahudin Lateh. 2022
This book collates selective outputs from the 1st International Conference on Contemporary Islamic Studies, focusing on interdisciplinary research that is…
relevant and timely. One of the most vital areas for national development in Malaysia, and other parts of the Muslim world, is the field of Islamic studies. With a selection of regional and international contributions, the volume covers several topics, including Zakat, Wakaf, Islamic philanthropy, Islamic Turath, Islamic astronomy, Islamic texts - both ancient and modern - Halal, the Muslim family, fiqh, and Islamic finance. Cutting across both academia and religious practice, the book seeks to demarcate various aspects within Islamic law and culture, in the context of the IR 4.0 era. It is relevant to students and researchers working within the interdisciplinary landscape of Islamic studies, from Asia to beyond.Ibn Khaldun: An Intellectual Biography
By Robert Irwin. 2018
The definitive account of the life and thought of the medieval Arab genius who wrote the MuqaddimaIbn Khaldun (1332–1406) is…
generally regarded as the greatest intellectual ever to have appeared in the Arab world--a genius who ranks as one of the world's great minds. Yet the author of the Muqaddima, the most important study of history ever produced in the Islamic world, is not as well known as he should be, and his ideas are widely misunderstood. In this groundbreaking intellectual biography, Robert Irwin provides an engaging and authoritative account of Ibn Khaldun's extraordinary life, times, writings, and ideas. Irwin tells how Ibn Khaldun, who lived in a world decimated by the Black Death, held a long series of posts in the tumultuous Islamic courts of North Africa and Muslim Spain, becoming a major political player as well as a teacher and writer. Closely examining the Muqaddima, a startlingly original analysis of the laws of history, and drawing on many other contemporary sources, Irwin shows how Ibn Khaldun's life and thought fit into historical and intellectual context, including medieval Islamic theology, philosophy, politics, literature, economics, law, and tribal life. Because Ibn Khaldun's ideas often seem to anticipate by centuries developments in many fields, he has often been depicted as more of a modern man than a medieval one, and Irwin's account of such misreadings provides new insights about the history of Orientalism.In contrast, Irwin presents an Ibn Khaldun who was a creature of his time—a devout Sufi mystic who was obsessed with the occult and futurology and who lived in an often-strange world quite different from our own.Proud: My Fight for an Unlikely American Dream
By Lori Tharps, Ibtihaj Muhammad. 2018
Named one of TIME's 100 Most Influential PeopleThe first female Muslim American to medal at the Olympic GamesThe first woman…
in hijab to compete for the United States in the OlympicsGrowing up in New Jersey as the only African American Muslim in hijab in town, at school, and on the playing fields, Ibtihaj Muhammad always had to find her own way. When she discovered fencing, a sport traditionally reserved for the wealthy and white, once again she had to defy expectations and make a place for herself in a sport she grew to love. Even though Ibtihaj would start fencing later than most, at 13 years old her talent was undeniable. From winning state championships with her high school team to three-time All-America selections at Duke University, Ibtihaj was poised for success, but the fencing community wasn't ready to welcome her with open arms.Ibtihaj Muhammad's path to Olympic greatness has been marked with opposition and near-debilitating challenges because of her race, religion, and gender. As the only woman of color and the only religious minority on the U.S. women's saber team, again Ibtihaj had to push past stereotypes, misconceptions, and negativity to find her own path to success and Olympic glory. Proud is the inspiring story of how Ibtihaj rose above it all with grace and compassion. She provides an unflinching and honest portrayal of how she managed to stay true to herself and still play by the rules. A coming-of-age story, a hero's journey, and a moving memoir from one of the nation's most influential athletes.Proud (Young Readers Edition): Living My American Dream
By Ibtihaj Muhammad. 2018
The inspiring all-American story of faith, family, hard work, and perseverance by Olympic fencer, activist, and Time"100 Most Influential People"…
honoree Ibtihaj MuhammadAt the 2016 Rio Olympics, Ibtihaj Muhammad smashed barriers as the first American to compete wearing hijab, and made history as the first Muslim-American woman to medal. But it wasn't an easy road--in a sport most popular among wealthy white people, Ibtihaj often felt out of place. Ibtihaj was fast, hardworking, and devoted to her faith, but rivals and teammates (as well as coaches and officials) pointed out her differences, insisting she would never succeed. Yet Ibtihaj powered on. Her inspiring journey from a young outsider to an Olympic hero is a relatable, memorable, and uniquely American tale of hard work, determination, and self-reliance.Nazira Zeineddine: A Pioneer of Islamic Feminism (Makers of the Muslim World)
By Miriam Cooke. 2010
In 1928, a young Lebanese woman, Nazira Zeineddine al-Halabi, wrote a book called "Unveiling and Veiling", an indictment of patriarchal…
oppression in which she boldly stated that the veil was un-Islamic, directly challenging the teachings of "wiser" male scholars. Considered by many an attack on Islam, it rocked the Muslim world and was banned by many clerics, although it quickly went into a second edition and was translated into several languages. In this latest addition to Makers of the Muslim World series, Miriam Cooke offers an intimate portrait of the life and work of this pioneering champion of Islamic feminism. Miriam Cooke is Professor of Modern Arabic literature and Culture at Duke University.Secularism, Identity, and Enchantment
By Akeel Bilgrami. 2014
Bringing clarity to a subject clouded by polemic, Secularism, Identity, and Enchantment is a rigorous exploration of how secularism and…
identity emerged as concepts in different parts of the modern world. At a time when secularist and religious worldviews appear irreconcilable, Akeel Bilgrami strikes out on a path distinctly his own, criticizing secularist proponents and detractors, liberal universalists and multicultural relativists alike. Those who ground secularism in arguments that aspire to universal reach, Bilgrami argues, fundamentally misunderstand the nature of politics. To those, by contrast, who regard secularism as a mere outgrowth of colonial domination, he offers the possibility of a more conceptually vernacular ground for political secularism. Focusing on the response to Salman Rushdie's Satanic Verses, Bilgrami asks why Islamic identity has so often been a mobilizing force against liberalism, and he answers the question with diagnostic sympathy, providing a philosophical framework within which the Islamic tradition might overcome the resentments prompted by its colonized past and present. Turning to Gandhi's political and religious thought, Bilgrami ponders whether the increasing appeal of religion in many parts of the world reflects a growing disillusionment not with science but with an outlook of detachment around the rise of modern science and capitalism. He elaborates a notion of enchantment along metaphysical, ethical, and political lines with a view to finding in secular modernity a locus of meaning and value, while addressing squarely the anxiety that all such notions hark back nostalgically to a time that has past.In this book, economist Jean-Philippe Platteau addresses the question: does Islam, the religion of Muslims, bear some responsibility for a…
lack of economic development in the countries in which it dominates? In his nuanced approach, Platteau challenges the widespread view that the doctrine of Islam is reactionary in the sense that it defends tradition against modernity and individual freedom. He also questions the view that fusion between religion and politics is characteristic of Islam and predisposes it to theocracy. He disagrees with the substantivist view that Islam is a major obstacle to modern development because of a merging of religion and the state, or a fusion between the spiritual and political domains. But he also identifies how Islam's decentralized organization, in the context of autocratic regimes, may cause political instability and make reforms costly.Islam in Israel: Muslim Communities in Non-Muslim States
By Nohad Ali, Muhammad Al-Atawneh. 2018
Islam is the religion of the majority of Arab citizens in Israel and since the late 1970s has become an…
important factor in their political and socio-cultural identity. This leads to an increasing number of Muslims in Israel who define their identity first and foremost in relation to their religious affiliation. By examining this evolving religious identity during the past four decades and its impact on the religious and socio-cultural aspects of Muslim life in Israel, Muhammad Al-Atawneh and Nohad Ali explore the local nature of Islam. They find that Muslims in Israel seem to rely heavily on the prominent Islamic authorities in the region, perhaps more so than minority Muslims elsewhere. This stems, inter alia, from the fact that Muslims in Israel are the only minority that lives in a land they consider to be holy and see themselves as a natural.Engineers of Jihad: The Curious Connection between Violent Extremism and Education
By Diego Gambetta, Steffen Hertog. 2018
The violent actions of a few extremists can alter the course of history, yet there persists a yawning gap between…
the potential impact of these individuals and what we understand about them. In Engineers of Jihad, Diego Gambetta and Steffen Hertog uncover two unexpected facts, which they imaginatively leverage to narrow that gap: they find that a disproportionate share of Islamist radicals come from an engineering background, and that Islamist and right-wing extremism have more in common than either does with left-wing extremism, in which engineers are absent while social scientists and humanities students are prominent.Searching for an explanation, they tackle four general questions about extremism: Under which socioeconomic conditions do people join extremist groups? Does the profile of extremists reflect how they self-select into extremism or how groups recruit them? Does ideology matter in sorting who joins which group? Lastly, is there a mindset susceptible to certain types of extremism?Using rigorous methods and several new datasets, they explain the link between educational discipline and type of radicalism by looking at two key factors: the social mobility (or lack thereof) for engineers in the Muslim world, and a particular mindset seeking order and hierarchy that is found more frequently among engineers. Engineers' presence in some extremist groups and not others, the authors argue, is a proxy for individual traits that may account for the much larger question of selective recruitment to radical activism.Opening up markedly new perspectives on the motivations of political violence, Engineers of Jihad yields unexpected answers about the nature and emergence of extremism.The Story of Reason in Islam
By Sari Nusseibeh. 2017
In The Story of Reason in Islam, leading public intellectual and political activist Sari Nusseibeh narrates a sweeping intellectual history--a…
quest for knowledge inspired by the Qu'ran and its language, a quest that employed Reason in the service of Faith. Eschewing the conventional separation of Faith and Reason, he takes a fresh look at why and how Islamic reasoning evolved over time. He surveys the different Islamic schools of thought and how they dealt with major philosophical issues, showing that Reason pervaded all disciplines, from philosophy and science to language, poetry, and law. Along the way, the best known Muslim philosophers are introduced in a new light. Countering received chronologies, in this story Reason reaches its zenith in the early seventeenth century; it then trails off, its demise as sudden as its appearance. Thereafter, Reason loses out to passive belief, lifeless logic, and a self-contained legalism--in other words, to a less flexible Islam. Nusseibeh's speculations as to why this occurred focus on the fortunes and misfortunes of classical Arabic in the Islamic world. Change, he suggests, may only come from the revivification of language itself.Preaching Islamic Renewal
By Jacquelene G. Brinton. 2016
Preaching Islamic Renewal examines the life and work of Muhammad Mitwalli Sha'rawi, one of Egypt's most beloved and successful Islamic…
preachers. His wildly popular TV program aired every Friday for years until his death in 1998. At the height of his career, it was estimated that up to 30 million people tuned in to his show each week. Yet despite his pervasive and continued influence in Egypt and the wider Muslim world, Sha'rawi was for a long time neglected by academics. While much of the academic literature that focuses on Islam in modern Egypt repeats the claim that traditionally trained Muslim scholars suffered the loss of religious authority, Sha'rawi is instead an example of a well-trained Sunni scholar who became a national media sensation. As an advisor to the rulers of Egypt as well as the first Arab television preacher, he was one of the most important and controversial religious figures in late-twentieth-century Egypt. Thanks to the repurposing of his videos on television and on the Internet, Sha'rawi's performances are still regularly viewed. Jacquelene Brinton uses Sha'rawi and his work as a lens to explore how traditional Muslim authorities have used various media to put forth a unique vision of how Islam can be renewed and revived in the contemporary world. Through his weekly television appearances he popularized long held theological and ethical beliefs and became a scholar-celebrity who impacted social and political life in Egypt.El cielo está incompleto: Cuaderno de viaje en Palestina
By Irmgard Emmelhainz. 2017
Un collage de visiones que permite recorrer un espectro de la guerra entre Palestina e Israel de primera mano y…
con distintas voces. En El cielo está incompleto, Emmelhainz narra su experiencia en los Territorios Ocupados e Israel a través de reflexiones, cartas, textos experimentales, ensayos críticos, ficciones, crítica de arte, descripciones del paisaje y encuentros con amigos, discusiones intelectuales, vivencias en las que la Ocupación se hace presente (o no). Para plasmar el conflicto, la autora experimenta con varios ángulos de visión combinando historias contadas, la actualidad y la Historia escrita, historias de amor, amistad y otro tipo de vivencias personales. El objetivo de este compendio de textos es proporcionar a los lectores un dibujo de cómo se vive bajo uno de los conflictos políticos más urgentes hoy en día. Acerca de su estadía en Medio Oriente la autoradice: "me reconocía viendo y escuchando, incapaz de registrar lo que estaba viviendo; buscaba distintas maneras de procesar mis percepciones. Se dice que la visión se caracteriza por ser incorpórea y violenta, la mirada por inscribir y marcar los cuerpos. "¿Con la sangre de quién se harían mis ojos? La visión se convirtió para mí en la posibilidad de ver, reconstruyendo sin cesar un punto de vista desde el cual procesar las tensiones, resonancias, transformaciones, resistencia, complicidad y dolor, frustración, sometimiento, odio, memoria y lo que los palestinos llaman 'la tiranía de la incertidumbre' de la vida bajo la ocupación. De alguna manera, mi experiencia me hizo presente los aspectos sensoriales y corpóreos de la visión. Empecé a sentir lo que veía. "La ansiedad de estar encerrada en el bucle de mi propia mirada me causó lo que estaba viendo se tradujo a anorexia, codependencia, ansiedad de ceguera, depresión, enamoramiento. Y descubrí que ver no es decir, sino ver asediada por la ansiedad de ceguera. Es decir, intento de ver".And Then We Work for God: Rural Sunni Islam in Western Turkey
By Kimberly Hart. 2013
Turkey's contemporary struggles with Islam are often interpreted as a conflict between religion and secularism played out most obviously in…
the split between rural and urban populations. The reality, of course, is more complicated than the assumptions. Exploring religious expression in two villages, this book considers rural spiritual practices and describes a living, evolving Sunni Islam, influenced and transformed by local and national sources of religious orthodoxy. Drawing on a decade of research, Kimberly Hart shows how religion is not an abstract set of principles, but a complex set of practices. Sunni Islam structures individual lives through rituals—birth, circumcision, marriage, military service, death—and the expression of these traditions varies between villages. Hart delves into the question of why some choose to keep alive the past, while others want to face a future unburdened by local cultural practices. Her answer speaks to global transformations in Islam, to the push and pull between those who maintain a link to the past, even when these practices challenge orthodoxy, and those who want a purified global religion.The Challenge of Political Islam
By Rachel Scott. 2010
The rise of political Islam has provoked considerable debate about the compatibility of democracy, tolerance, and pluralism with the Islamist…
position. AsThe Challenge of Political Islamreveals, Egyptian Islamists today are more integrated into the political arena than ever, and are voicing a broad spectrum of positions, including a vision of Islamic citizenship more inclusive of non-Muslims. Based on Islamist writings, political tracts, and interviews with Islamistsincluding members of Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood and other important contemporary thinkersthis book looks closely at how modern, politically-oriented Egyptian Islamists perceive non-Muslims in an Islamic state and how non-Muslims respond. Clarifying the movement's aims, this work uncovers how Islamists have responded to the pressures of modernity, the degree to which the movement has been influenced by both a historical Islamic framework and Western modes of political thinking, and the necessity to reconsider the notion that secularism is a precondition for toleration.Understanding Jihad
By David Cook. 2005
Jihad is one of the most loaded and misunderstood terms in the news today Contrary to popular understanding …
the term does not mean holy war Nor does it simply refer to the inner spiritual struggle This book judiciously balanced accessibly written and highly relevant to today s events unravels the tangled historical intellectual and political meanings of jihad Looking closely at a range of sources from sacred Islamic texts to modern interpretations Understanding Jihad opens a critically important perspective on the role of Islam in the contemporary world As David Cook traces the practical and theoretical meanings of jihad he cites from scriptural legal and newly translated texts to give readers a taste of the often ambiguous information that is used to construct Islamic doctrine He looks closely at the life and teaching of the Prophet Muhammad and at the ramifications of the great Islamic conquests in 634 to 732 A D He sheds light on legal developments relevant to fighting and warfare and places the internal spiritual jihad within the larger context of Islamic religion He describes some of the conflicts that occur in radical groups and shows how the more mainstream supporters of these groups have come to understand and justify violence He has also included a special appendix of relevant documents including materials related to the September 11 attacks and published manifestoes issued by Osama bin Laden and Palestinian suicide-martyrsIslam
By James A. Beverley. 2013
Constituye una introducción básica a la cultura, la historia y las prácticas de la segunda religión más numerosa del mundo.…
El profesor James A. Beverley ofrece respuestas a algunas de las preguntas que se hacen los cristianos sobre el islam. Por ejemplo, qué piensan los musulmanes sobre Dios, el mundo y su lugar en él; cómo fundó Mahoma una religión que ahora se expande por todo el mundo; cómo distintos grupos dentro del islam definen la yihad; por qué Palestina es importante para los musulmanes; qué función cumplen las mujeres dentro de las diferentes comunidades islámicas; y cómo deberían relacionarse los cristianos con los musulmanes.An Introduction to Islam
By Frederick Denny. 2011
An Introduction to Islam, Fourth Edition, provides students with a thorough, unified and topical introduction to the global religious community…
of Islam. In addition, the author's extensive field work, experience, and scholarship combined with his engaging writing style and passion for the subject also sets his text apart. An Introduction to Islam places Islam within a cultural, political, social, and religious context, and examines its connections with Judeo-Christian morals. Its integration of the doctrinal and devotional elements of Islam enables readers to see how Muslims think and live, engendering understanding and breaking down stereotypes. This text also reviews pre-Islamic history, so readers can see how Islam developed historically.Sacred Paths of the West
By Theodore M Ludwig. 2006
This text combines study of the dynamic historical development of each religious tradition with a comparative thematic structure. Students are…
encouraged to discover and explore the nature of religious experience by comparing basic themes and issues common to all religions, finding connections with their own personal experiences. By sensitively introducing descriptive material within a comparative thematic structure, this text helps students to understand how each religion provides, for its adherents, patterns and meanings that make up a full way of life.