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Trials for International Crimes in Asia
By Kirsten Sellars. 2016
The issue of international crimes is highly topical in Asia, with still-resonant claims against the Japanese for war crimes, and…
deep schisms resulting from crimes in Bangladesh, Cambodia, and East Timor. Over the years, the region has hosted a succession of tribunals, from those held in Manila, Singapore and Tokyo after the Asia-Pacific War to those currently running in Dhaka and Phnom Penh. This book draws on extensive new research and offers the first comprehensive legal appraisal of the Asian trials. As well as the famous tribunals, it also considers lesser-known examples, such as the Dutch and Soviet trials of the Japanese, the Cambodian trial of the Khmer Rouge, and the Indonesian trials of their own military personnel. It focuses on their approach to the elements of international crimes, and their contribution to general theories of liability. In the process, this book challenges some orthodoxies about the development of international criminal law.Transitional and Retrospective Justice in the Baltic States
By Eva-Clarita Pettai, Vello Pettai. 2015
More than twenty years after the fall of communism, many countries in Central and Eastern Europe are still seeking truth…
and justice for the repression suffered under communist rule. This search has been particularly notable in the Baltic states, given the three countries' histories as both former Soviet republics and later member-states of the European Union. On the one hand, the legacy of Stalinist oppression was more severe in these countries than elsewhere in Central Europe, but on the other hand much of this past could more easily be externalized onto the former Soviet Union (and by extension Russia) following re-independence. Transitional and Retrospective Justice in the Baltic States develops a novel conceptual framework in order to understand the politics involved with transitional and retrospective justice, and then applies this outline to the Baltic states to analyse more systematic patterns of truth- and justice-seeking in the post-communist world.Tranquil Prisons
By Erick Fabris. 2011
Antipsychotic medications are sometimes imposed on psychiatric patients deemed dangerous to themselves and others. This is based on the assumption…
that treatment is safe and effective, and that recovery depends on biological adjustment. Under new laws, patients can be required to remain on these medications after leaving hospitals. However, survivors attest that forced treatment used as a restraint can feel like torture, while the consequences of withdrawal can also be severe.A brave and innovative book, Tranquil Prisons is a rare academic study of psychiatric treatment written by a former mental patient. Erick Fabris's original, multidisciplinary research demonstrates how clients are pre-emptively put on chemical agents despite the possibility of alternatives. Because of this practice, patients often become dependent on psychiatric drugs that restrict movement and communication to incarcerate the body rather than heal it. Putting forth calls for professional accountability and more therapy choices for patients, Fabris's narrative is both accessible and eye-opening.To Protect and To Serve
By David Weisburd, Lois Mock, Thomas Feucht, Idit Hakimi, Simon Perry. 2011
It provides the first comprehensive assessment of the role of the police in homeland security functions, the effectiveness of strategies,…
the impacts of homeland security threats on police organization, and on the relationships between police and community. The book's authors include some of the best known scholars in policing and in the area of policing terrorism brought together by the National Institute of Justice and the Ministry of Public Security in Israel to provide cutting edge discussion of the challenges presented by terrorism for police in democratic societies. Each chapter includes not only an up to date survey of the literature in the areas covered, but also a discussion what we need to know to develop better policies and practices.Theories of Crime
By Ian Marsh. 2006
Presenting a clear, comprehensive review of theoretical thinking on crime, this book encourages students to develop a deeper understanding of…
classic and contemporary theories and provides an interdisciplinary approach to criminology through the contributions of sociology, psychology and biology. A key text for any undergraduate student following programmes in criminology and criminal justice, Theories of Crime covers topics such as: the historical context of crime biological explanations for criminal behaviour psychological explanations for criminal behaviour sociological explanations for the criminal behaviour the criminal behaviour of women the criminal behaviour of ethnic minorities. By adopting an interactive approach to encourage students to react to the text and think for themselves, this book distinguishes itself from others in the field and ensures its place as a valuable teaching resource. The student-centred nature of the book is further enhanced by reflective question breaks throughout the text, chapter summaries, suggested further reading and web sites.Their Sisters' Keepers: Women's Prison Reform in America, 1830-1930
By Estelle B. Freedman. 1981
Terrorism, Rights and the Rule of Law
By Barry Vaughan, Shane Kilcommins. 2007
The rule of law is becoming a victim of the struggle against terrorism. Many countries are reviewing their security procedures…
and questioning whether due process rights hinder them in the war on terror. There is increasing emphasis on preventive detention or strategies of disablement that cut into the liberties of suspects who may not have committed a crime. The focus of this book is the Republic of Ireland, where the risk of political violence has constantly threatened the Irish state. To ensure its survival, the state has resorted to emergency laws that weaken due process rights. The effects of counter-terrorism campaigns upon the rule of law governing criminal justice in Ireland are a central feature of this book. Globalization has supported this crossover, as organized crime seems immune to conventional policing tactics. But globalization fragments the authority of the state by introducing a new justice network. New regulatory agencies are entrusted with powers to control novel risks and social movements adopt a human rights discourse to contest state power and emergency laws. The result of this conflux of actors and risks is are negotiation of the model of justice that citizens can expect. Terrorism, Rights and the Rule of Law contributes to current debates about civil liberties in the war on terror, how counter-terrorism can contaminate criminal justice, and how globalization challenges a state-centred view of criminal justice. It will be of key interest to students of criminology, law, human rights and sociology,as well as legal and other practitioners and policy-makers.Terror and the War on Dissent
By Ian Cram. 2009
Located within wider debates about 'security versus liberty' in our post 9/11 world, the book analyses the new landscape of…
UK counter terrorism powers and offences and focuses upon the deleterious consequences of the so-called 'war on terror' on freedom of political expression and association. Questioning the compatibility of recent speech-limiting measures with liberalism's established commitment to free speech and international human rights norms, the book takes a critical look at new powers to proscribe 'extremist' political parties, possession offences and other criminal controls (eg. Official Secrets Act prosecutions) as well as new offences such as 'glorification' of terrorism. Less visible, extra-legal forms of censorship are also evaluated. The monograph concludes by asking how a more vigorous defence of unorthodox and unpopular forms of expression might be safeguarded in the UK.Technocrime: Technology, Crime and Social Control
By Stéphane Leman-Langlois. 2008
This book is concerned with the concept of 'technocrime'. The term encompasses crimes committed on or with computers - the…
standard definition of cybercrime - but it goes well beyond this to convey the idea that technology enables an entirely new way of committing, combating and thinking about criminality, criminals, police, courts, victims and citizens. Technology offers, for example, not only new ways of combating crime, but also new ways to look for, unveil, and label crimes, and new ways to know, watch, prosecute and punish criminals. Technocrime differs from books concerned more narrowly with cybercrime in taking an approach and understanding of the scope of technology's impact on crime and crime control. It uncovers mechanisms by which behaviours become crimes or cease to be called crimes. It identifies a number of corporate, government and individual actors who are instrumental in this construction. And it looks at the beneficiaries of increased surveillance, control and protection as well as the targets of it. Chapters in the book cover specific technologies (e.g. the use of CCTV in various settings; computers, hackers and security experts; photo radar) but have a wider objective to provide a comparative perspective and some broader theoretical foundations for thinking about crime and technology than have existed hitherto. This is a pioneering book which advances our understanding of the relationship between crime and technology, drawing upon the disciplines of criminology, political science, sociology, psychology, anthropology, surveillance studies and cultural studies.In a manner similar to asking an immigrant to describe his/her first few months, and even their first year, in…
the country they migrate to, asking released inmates how they reform their lives is the key to unlocking their individual Pandora Box. Anyone who ever went through the migration process experienced many of the same difficulties encountered by those who are released from incarceration and try to rehabilitate their life. There are more than nine million people imprisoned worldwide, and it is known that the majority of them will be released back to the community. Currently, in the United States there are about 700,000 people reentering society after serving time in state and federal prisons. These numbers are much higher for jail inmates who are estimated by the millions each year. Considering the fact that more than two thirds of offenders sentenced to jails and prisons have histories of substance abuse, reentry and reintegration practices become even more of a challenge. This book is a product of an original study that examined inmates who participated in a prison-based therapeutic community and were followed for up to seven years after their release. It will describe the challenges faced by rehabilitated addicts who were released from a prison-based therapeutic community and their journey to freedom; freedom from drugs and freedom from further involvement in criminal activity.Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward
By National Research Council of the National Academies. 2009
For multi-user PDF licensing, please contact mailto:customer_service@nap.edu customer service. Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community,…
performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.Street Crime (Crime and Society Series)
By Simon Hallsworth. 2005
Street crime remains high on the public and political agenda, and is frequently the subject of media attention and concern.…
This book aims to provide a detailed and accessible account of the phenomenon, placing the subject in its theoretical, historical and political context. It addresses the question of how serious a problem street crime really is, and why it has become such a hot political issue. The book draws upon contemporary debates about the supposed presence of an emerging underclass, and in particular the 'criminalisation' and 'racialisation' of black communities with whom it has come to be particular associated in the public mind. The author then develops a framework of analysis which focuses upon the relationship of three key variables: the production of motivated offenders, the availability and suitability of victims, and a study of the limits inherent in current control strategies. Finally, the book concludes that a successful prevention strategy requires an agenda for revitalising the public sphere in inner city areas --rather than reliance policies of situational crime prevention, zero tolerance policing and increased punishment.Staging the Trials of Modernism: Testimony and the British Modern Literary Consciousness
By Dale Barleben. 2017
In Staging the Trials of Modernism, Dale Barleben explores the interactions among literature, cultural studies, and the law through detailed…
analyses of select British modern writers including Oscar Wilde, Joseph Conrad, Ford Madox Ford, and James Joyce. By tracing the relationships between the literature, authors, media, and judicial procedure of the time, Barleben illuminates the somewhat macabre element of modern British trial process, which still enacts and re-enacts itself throughout contemporary judicial systems of the British Commonwealth. Using little seen legal documents, like Ford's contempt trial decision, Staging the Trials of Modernism uncovers the conversations between the interior style of British Modern authors and the ways in which law began rethinking concepts like intent and the subconscious. Barleben’s fresh insights offer a nuanced look into the ways in which law influences literary production.The Social Dynamics of Family Violence
By Angela Hattery, Earl Smith. 1975
Hattery (sociology, George Mason U.) and Smith (sociology and American ethnic studies, Wake Forest U.) introduce sociology students to family…
violence in the US throughout the life cycle, with specific focus on its social character and institutional causes. They discuss physical and sexual child abuse, elder abuse, intimate partner violence, and violence in subgroups like gay and lesbian families and military families, and provide theoretical frameworks and methods used to study it. They address the role of social institutions and structures like the economy and religion and explore variations across family groups, including differences in race and ethnicity, social class, and sexuality, and prevention and avoidance strategies, and criminal justice, social service, and legal responses. Annotation ©2012 Book News, Inc. , Portland, OR (booknews.com)Social Dimensions of Organised Crime
By Nigel Gilbert, Corinna Elsenbroich, David Anzola. 2016
This book presents a multi-disciplinary investigation into extortion rackets with a particular focus on the structures of criminal organisations and…
their collapse, societal processes in which extortion rackets strive and fail and the impacts of bottom-up and top-down ways of fighting extortion racketeering. Through integrating a range of disciplines and methods the book provides an extensive case study of empirically based computational social science. It is based on a wealth of qualitative data regarding multiple extortion rackets, such as the Sicilian Mafia, an international money laundering organisation and a predatory extortion case in Germany. Computational methods are used for data analysis, to help in operationalising data for use in agent-based models and to explore structures and dynamics of extortion racketeering through simulations. In addition to textual data sources, stakeholders and experts are extensively involved, providing narratives for analysis and qualitative validation of models. The book presents a systematic application of computational social science methods to the substantive area of extortion racketeering. The reader will gain a deep understanding of extortion rackets, in particular their entrenchment in society and processes supporting and undermining extortion rackets. Also covered are computational social science methods, in particular computationally assisted text analysis and agent-based modelling, and the integration of empirical, theoretical and computational social science.Skateboarding LA: Inside Professional Street Skateboarding (Alternative Criminology #10)
By Gregory J. Snyder. 2017
Inside the complex and misunderstood world of professional street skateboarding On a sunny Sunday in Los Angeles, a crew of…
skaters and videographers watch as one of them attempts to land a “heel flip” over a fire hydrant on a sidewalk in front of the Biltmore Hotel. A staff member of the hotel demands they leave and picks up his phone to call the police.Not only does the skater land the trick, but he does so quickly, and spares everyone the unwanted stress of having to deal with the cops. This is not an uncommon occurrence in skateboarding, which is illegal in most American cities and this interaction is just part of the process of being a professional street skater. This is just one of Gregory Snyder’s experiences from eight years inside the world of professional street skateboarding: a highly refined, athletic and aesthetic pursuit, from which a large number of people profit. Skateboarding LA details the history of skateboarding, describes basic and complex tricks, tours some of LA's most famous spots, and provides an enthusiastic appreciation of this dangerous and creative practice. Particularly concerned with public spaces, Snyder shows that skateboarding offers cities much more than petty vandalism and exaggerated claims of destruction. Rather, skateboarding draws highly talented young people from around the globe to skateboarding cities, building a diverse and wide-reaching community of skateboarders, filmmakers, photographers, writers, and entrepreneurs. Snyder also argues that as stewards of public plazas and parks, skateboarders deter homeless encampments and drug dealers. In one stunning case, skateboarders transformed the West LA Courthouse, with Nike’s assistance, into a skateable public space. Through interviews with current and former professional skateboarders, Snyder vividly expresses their passion, dedication and creativity. Especially in relation to the city's architectural features—ledges, banks, gaps, stairs and handrails—they are constantly re-imagining and repurposing these urban spaces in order to perform their ever-increasingly difficult tricks. For anyone interested in this dynamic and daunting activity, Skateboarding LA is an amazing ride.Sex Work
By Teela Sanders. 2004
This is a richly detailed account of the way the sex industry works, and one of the few empirical studies…
that investigates the off street industry in Britain. The book seeks to advance a greater knowledge of the social organisation of the sex industry by uncovering the day-to-day activities of women involved in the indoor markets. What types of occupational risks do women experience in work of this kind? How do these hazards affect their personal lives? A key concern throughout the book is to assess whether women are passive victims of the circumstances of prostitution or whether they understand and calculate their responses to danger. Drawing upon both sociological and criminological theories, and on detailed research in the city of Birmingham, the author addresses these questions by estimating the rationality of those responses and by providing a measure of how women make sense of different risks. Sex Work: a risky business describes how women create complex psychological and emotional techniques to maintain their sanity while selling sex, and goes on to argue that the indoor sex markets in Britain have a distinct 'occupational culture' with a set of social norms, code of conduct and moral hierarchies that make it a high regulated workplace despite its illicit and sometimes illegal nature.Sexual Offending: Cognition, Emotion and Motivation
By Tony Ward, Theresa A. Gannon. 2017
Sexual Offending presents the latest theory and research relating to the social cognition, emotion, and motivational goals of individuals who…
have committed sexual offences. Explores how individuals who have committed sexual offences perceive the world and themselves, and how understanding this can inform their rehabilitation Provides a broad-based view of cognition, and explores the complex relationship between cognition, emotion and associated constructs such as motivational goals Integrates recent work on female sexual offenders alongside the literature on their male counterparts, providing researchers and practitioners with a single resource A valuable handbook for researchers, practitioners and students concerned with understanding and rehabilitating individuals who have committed sexual offencesSexually Harmful Youth
By Christy A. Mulligan, Justin Ayoub, Callen E. Kostelnik. 2016
This Brief focuses on youth who engage in sexually harmful behavior and how they transition back into public schools after…
serving time in a juvenile detention center or treatment facility. The Brief examines the difference between normal sexual behaviors and sexually harmful behaviors and provides an overview of the theories of sexual offending. It also compares youth who sexually harm to other deviant groups; assesses intragroup similarities and differences; and reviews child and family risk factors. In addition, it provides a summary of prevention programs for all students and for those who are at risk to sexually re-offend. Finally, the Brief illustrates how a youth who has engaged in sexually harmful behavior could potentially transition back into school and discusses the school's role in treatment. Sexually Harmful Youth: Successful Reintegration to School is an essential resource for researchers, professionals, and graduate students in child and school psychology, social work, and public health.Sexual Abuse in Sport
By Helen Owton. 2016
This book is about sexual abuse in sport, and specifically about one girl's experience of long-term chronic abuse in sport.…
A 'non-conventional' approach is employed to explore the experiences of a female athlete named Bella who was groomed, sexually abused by her male coach, and then subjected to years of athlete domestic violence. Through a collaborative auto-ethnography process, these experiences are reported through vignettes and selected poems seeking to involve the reader in the grooming process of a young female athlete, so that they might react from the different social positions they currently occupy. Bella's story acts as a pedagogical resource in ways that stimulate ethical discussions and enhance knowledge of sexual abuse in sport, by assisting those involved to better understand their own 'field' and the dynamics of abuse within it, in order to develop effective abuse prevention strategies.