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William Lyon Mackenzie King, Volume III, 1932-1939: The Prism of Unity
By H Neatby. 1976
Aided by meticulous knowledge of the former Prime Minister's diary, and with characteristic conciseness and clarity, H. Blair Neatby has…
written the impressive and long-awaited third volume of the official biography of Mackenzie King. He carefully and judiciously untangles a complexity of issues in Canadian political history to produce definitive accounts of controversies that have engaged the attention of Canadian historians for years. Beginning the story in 1932, this volume treats the depression years when King was first in Opposition and then the years after 1935 when he was once again Prime Minister; it is a masterly analysis of how one of the most enigmatic figures in Canadian history made shrewd and critical political decisions. Attention is paid in turn to his clearly successful tactics as Leader of the Opposition; the election campaign of 1935; a wide range of his domestic policies, including those on unemployment, inflation, relief, and trade; and to a series of international crises – the Ethiopian crisis, the Spanish Civil War, Anschluss, and Munich – that culminated in the Second World War. At all times, King's overriding concern was to preserve national unity at home and to avoid commitments abroad, either through the British Commonwealth or the League of Nations. We see King in his relations with other Canadian leaders – Aberhart, Pattullo, Hepburn, Duplessis, and Bennett – and with world leaders – Roosevelt, Baldwin, Chamberlain, and Hitler. We also see the personal side of the man, and the link between the private and the public figure. William Lyon Mackenzie King, Volume III is an accomplished piece of historical writing; progressing in a controlled way through a profusion of incident and accident, it brings to completion the outstanding biography of a consummate politician.In the Children's Aid: J.J. Kelso and Child Welfare in Ontario
By Leonard Rutman, Andrew Jones. 1981
The present system of child welfare in Canada dates from 1893, the year in which the Ontario Legislature passed 'An…
Act for the Prevention of Cruelty to, and better Protection of, Children.' The Act provided for the establishment of Children's Aid Societies with extensive legal powers to intervene in cases of child neglect and cruelty, and gave officials sanction to the foster care system. These radical departures from earlier policy resulted from the actions of John Joseph Kelso, the man who was named as the first Superintendent of Neglected and Dependent Children – a position created by the same Act. At 29, Kelso was already one of Ontario's leading proponents of child welfare reform. He had earlier stimulated the formation of the Toronto Humane Society and subsequently guides its early growth. In 1888 he had formed the Children's Fresh Air Fund and the Santa Claus Fund, out of which, in 1891, he founded the Toronto Children's Aid Society. From 1893 to his retirement in 1934, Kelso directed and promoted the establishment and development of Children's Aid Societies in Ontario and played an important role in their spread to other provinces. In 1921 he was appointed administrator of Ontario's first Adoption Act and the Children of Unmarried Parents Act. His reform activities extended into the children's court movement, the closing of reformatories, organization of playgrounds, and advocacy of mothers' allowances. This biography provides an account of Kelso's life and career as a social reformer, and reveals him as the undisputed chief architect and builder of Ontario's welfare system. It will interest the academic and professionals as it traces the roots of social welfare services and the profession of social work, and the general reader interested in Canadian history and social reform.The Aquatic Explorers: A History of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada
By Kenneth Johnstone. 1977
In 1898 a group of scientists, working without pay, often under hazardous conditions with only the most primitive equipment, began…
a systematic study of the fishes in Canada's inland and marine waters. The team operated under the aegis of a board of management which was later to evolve into the Fisheries Research Board, a scientific organization that has placed Canada among the world's leaders in fishery knowledge. This history of the Fisheries Research Board examines the aims and achievements of its research, its attempts to deal with the often conflicting demands of pure and applied science, and its confrontations with a frequently uncomprehending and dissatisfied government. The people who shaped and sustained the organization figure prominently in the account. In-depth taped interviews with senior members and employees of the Fisheries Research Board, as well as the Annual Reports and other publications of the Department of Fisheries, have enabled Kenneth Johnstone to produce a rich history of a remarkable scientific organization.Canada and the New International Law of the Sea
By Douglas Johnston. 1985
This is the last of three volumes dealing with the International Legal Environment (see list in back of book), included…
in the Collected Research Studies of the Royal Commission on the Economic Union and Development Prospects for Canada. The Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS 3) culminated in the adopted of the United Nations convention on the law of the sea in 1982. Since then 150 countries, including Canada, have signed this historic treaty. It affects Canada's four major ocean industries: fishing, offshore petroleum, shipping and ocean mining. As Canada contemplates ratification of this agreement, it must consider these as well as several other maritime matters, including transit management, offshore development, marine-technology development and ocean-science policy. This volume delineates the issues and their implications for Canada's future at sea, and recommends the establishment of an independent advisory body to ensure serious and comprehensive treatment of maritime concerns.In the 1880s Canadians began to cope with the meaning of their emerging industrial society. During that decade the federal…
government first investigated industrial conditions and provincial governments passed Canada's first factory legislation. The same period saw the resurgence of an articulate and angry labor movement protesting against the excesses of modern industry. Through the Royal Commission on the Relations of Labor and Capital we can perhaps gain our best insight into the everyday world of workers and capitalists in late nineteenth-century Canada. The commission gathered evidence in Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick and talked to thousands of workers, businessmen, and other concerned citizens. This edited version of its investigation includes much of the best testimony; it describes working class living conditions, the emergence of organized labor, and the attitudes of businessmen to industrial capitalism. The testimony takes us with the commissioners on their tour of New Brunswick cotton mills, Capre Breton coal pits, Ontario shops and foundries, and Quebec City wharves; it explores as well the darkest corners of Montreal cigar factories. Industrialists discuss profits, markets, sources of raw material, and problems with labor. But what is perhaps more important, the working people themselves are also heard, men and women who in most historical records appear as little more than cold statistics. The warmth and humanity of these Canadians reflecting on their lives and on the society around them bring the commission documents to life. Aging craftsmen, ten-year-old saw-mill hands, girls from the spindles and looms, describe their workplaces, wages, hours, and aspects of their lives away from the job. These almost unique interviews allow us to enter their intellectual and cultural world – to learn of their past and present and of some of their hopes and aspirations. The Labor Commission reports and testimony are essential for an understanding of the Canadian working class as it was being transformed by the new techniques of industrial production.Canada in a Changing World Economy
By Harry Johnson. 1962
The echoes of Laurier's remarks about Canada and the twentieth century are taking a long time to fade away. It…
is one of the purposes of Professor Johnson's Alan B. Plaunt Lectures (given at Carleton University in 1962) to silence them, for they can prove dangerous and misleading—like a siren song—in the formulation of Canadian economic policy at this time. The success of the Common Market, Britain's request for membership. President Kennedy's desire for tariff flexibility and reductions in the United States, and the recent stagnation in the North American economy (accentuated in Canada by an emphasis on monetary stability)—these are signs of change in the economic climate of the world. The requisite adaptations are the most important problem facing those who govern the economic life of this country, and they must be faced realistically to ensure Canada's continuing economic growth. Professor Johnson analyses his subject with his customary authoritative skill and lucidity. Written in non-technical language, this book presents an ideal summary of the contemporary economic world as it affects Canada.The Canadian Public Service: A Physiology of Government 1867-1970
By John Hodgetts. 1973
The Canadian Public Service is now so large that it employs over ten per cent of Canada's labour force, and…
among its many boards, commissions, and corporations there is a constant juggling of conventional departmental portfolios in an effort to keep pace with changing public priorities. As these bureaucracies penetrate our lives more and more, there is increasing need for a study which describes and explains them. This book is the first to offer the necessary clarification. It says nothing about public servants themselves; rather it focuses on the physiognomy and physiology of the structures in which they work and through which programmes are allocated, work distributed, and policy decisions made for all of Canada. It also examines the way in which environmental forces have helped to shape our so-called administrative culture, as well as the monumental difficulties that are involved in co-ordinating the administration of this vast country, three-quarters of whose public service concerns are located outside the capital. It concludes that all of our public organizations, the public service has proven the most responsive to the forces of change, but that it has been so caught up in structural and managerial adaptation that its capacity to concern itself with substantive policy issues has been subverted.Safeguarding Canada 1763-1871
By J Hitsman. 1968
Canadian defence policy has been largely neglected by historians except as a problem related to constitutional and political development. Dr.…
Hitsman repairs this neglect in his study of the military aspects of the defence of Canada, from the British Conquest to the withdrawal of the British garrison. His investigation demolishes a number of myths which have sprung up in this era of Canadian history. For example, in his examination of the military arrangements of the British in Canada Dr. Hitsman points out that, contrary to established belief, Guy Carleton, the last officer of the British Army to hold the appointment of Commander-in-Chief in North America, did more than just muddle through when Americans invaded Canada in 1775. This and many other misconceptions are corrected in this lucid study. After a brief introductory section on the problems of defence and attack during the period of the Conquest, there follows a coherent and intelligent account of the military aspects of Canadian defence after 1760: the geographical factors in strategy, the degree of potential danger, the men and resources available, and the policies pursued by the British government and its agents in Canada. The attitudes and behaviour of both English-speaking and French Canadians are also examined in their relationship to British rule. This book presents the facts about Canadian defence policy from original sources. Basing his study on Admiralty, Colonial and War Office papers, Dr. Hitsman reveals a remarkable ability for finding the appropriate document to illustrate each stage in the development in defence planning. His personal knowledge of army organization and his ability to make his way easily through military reports help to make this study an important contribution to Canadian history and scholarship.Select Documents in Canadian Economic History 1783-1885
By Harold Innis, Arthur Lower. 1933
This second volume of economic documents resumes the story of the development of Canada as told by contemporary sources. Newspaper…
accounts of economic forces and factors, contemporary writings by statesmen and business men, poems depicting current situations, official documents—all have been included. The volume divides the period into two eras, 1783-1850 and 1850-85. The basis of classification of entries is by topics and geographic sections. It is hoped that the material which follows will amplify and illustrate the blend of materialistic and non-materialistic factors which has determined the nature of Canadian history and will allow students in Canadian universities to study with some degree of fullness the development of the economic institutions of their native land.The University as Publisher
By Eleanor Harman. 1961
It is doubtless inevitable that a publishing house should celebrate an important anniversary by publishing a book. It is perhaps…
equally inevitable that such a book should include a description of the founding and growth of the house concerned. However, it is hoped that The University as Publisher will serve a much more useful purpose than merely to mark the Diamond Anniversary of the University of Toronto Press. Toronto now has two sister presses, and will, we trust, soon greet several more. This volume may, therefore, be of interest to those institutions contemplating the founding of such scholarly publishing departments. It may also help to explain to some of those directly concerns with the founding of such presses, and to the general public, what university press publishing is about. Then, too, comparatively little has been issued about publishing in Canada, and very little indeed about scholarly publishing in this country. This volume may, therefore, make a modest contribution to the economic and cultural history of the last sixty years in Canada. It is hoped further that this account of one of the departments of the University of Toronto may be of interest to its faculty and alumni of today, and useful to its historians of tomorrow.Langstaff: A Nineteenth-Century Medical Life
By Jacalyn Duffin. 1999
A unique and readable microhistory of an ordinary physician and his community during a period of revolutionary medical change. Duffin…
bases her insights on a detailed computer-assisted analysis of 40 years of extant daybooks of James Langstaff (1825-1889).Irish Emigration and Canadian Settlement: Patterns, Links, and Letters
By William J Smyth, Cecil J Houston. 1990
In mid-nineteenth-century Canada, the Irish outnumbered the English and Scots two to one. Yet they have been much less studied…
than their US counterparts, even though their experience was very different. Irish settlers arrived earlier in Canada, formed a larger proportion of the founding communities, and were largely rural-based; more than half were Protestant. The Famine provided only a rather late part of the Irish emigration to Canada, which took place principally between 1816 and 1855. The authors evaluate both emigration and settlement and present as well revealing personal documents about intense, often painful experiences of the settlers. Part I explores the geographical links – particularly the phenomenon of chain migration – that shaped decisions to leave Ireland. Part II examines patterns of settlement in the new land. Part III, with biographies of immigrants and collections of letters written home, chronicles personal and social life in the new land and the abiding interest in family and friends in Canada and back in Ireland. The documents illustrate links and patterns revealed in the earlier analysis of emigration and settlement; they also offer an additional, intimate perspective on a key phase in the cultural history of Canada and Ireland.Feasibility of Using Mycoherbicides for Controlling Illicit Drug Crops
By Committee on Mycoherbicides for Eradicating Illicit Drug Crops. 2011
The control of illicit-drug trafficking and drug use is a difficult and complex process that involves a variety of prevention,…
control, treatment, and law enforcement strategies. Eradication strategies for controlling illicit-drug crops are used to target the beginning of the drug-supply chain by preventing or reducing crop yields. Mycoherbicides have been proposed as an eradication tool to supplement the current methods of herbicide spraying, mechanical removal, and manual destruction of illicit-drug crops. Some people regard them as preferable to chemical herbicides for controlling illicit-drug crops because of their purported specificity to only one plant species or a few closely related species. As living microorganisms, they have the potential to provide long-term control if they can persist in the environment and affect later plantings. Research on mycoherbicides against illicit-drug crops has focused on three pathogens: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cannabis for cannabis (Cannabis sativa), F. oxysporum f. sp. erythroxyli for coca (Erythroxylum coca and E. novogranatense), and Crivellia papaveracea or Brachycladium papaveris (formerly known as Pleospora papaveracea and Dendryphion penicillatum, respectively) for opium poppy (Papaver somniferum). Feasibility of Using Mycoherbicides for Controlling Illicit Drug Crops addresses issues about the potential use of the proposed mycoherbicides: their effectiveness in eradicating their target plants; the feasibility of their large-scale industrial manufacture and delivery; their potential spread and persistence in the environment; their pathogenicity and toxicity to nontarget organisms, including other plants, fungi, animals, and humans; their potential for mutation and resulting effects on target plants and nontarget organisms; and research and development needs. On the basis of its review, the report concludes that the available data are insufficient to determine the effectiveness of the specific fungi proposed as mycoherbicides to combat illicit-drug crops or to determine their potential effects on nontarget plants, microorganisms, animals, humans, or the environment. However, the committee offers an assessment of what can and cannot be determined at the present time regarding each of the issues raised in the statement of task.A Warrant to Kill: A True Story of Obsession, Lies, and a Killer Cop
By Kathryn Casey. 2000
A History of Dentistry in Canada
By Donald W. Gullett. 1971
Beginning with the earliest records available describing the dental health of the Indians before the arrival of European settlers, Dr…
Gullett gives a detailed and carefully documented history of dentistry in Canada. He describes the unscrupulous tramp dentists who roamed the countryside years ago as well as their respectable contemporaries, and he traces the development of practice, education, and professional associations, as dentistry developed from an art to a science. The author spent five years gathering information for this book from public archives, libraries, personal interviews, and the records of the profession. The result is a lively and readable story told with a continuing concern for health services.Is This Live?: The Nation's Music Station
By Mike Myers, Christopher Ward. 2016
From former VJ Christopher Ward, Is This Live? captures the pure fun and rock 'n' roll rebellion of the early…
years of MuchMusic. On August 31, 1984, the Nation's Music Station launched, breaking ground as the Wild (Canadian) West of television--live, gloriously unpredictable, seat-of-the-pants TV, delivered fresh daily. The dream child of TV visionary Moses Znaimer, and John Martin, the maverick creator of The New Music, Much was live and largely improvised, and an entire generation of Canadians grew up watching the VJs and embraced the new music that became the video soundtrack of our lives. The careers of Canadian legends like Blue Rodeo, Corey Hart, Jane Siberry, Bryan Adams, Platinum Blonde, Glass Tiger, Colin James, the Parachute Club, Honeymoon Suite, Barenaked Ladies, Maestro Fresh Wes and Sloan were launched when Much brought them closer to their fans. Much also gave us international acts (Duran, Duran, Tina Turner, Iggy Pop, David Bowie, Madonna, Motorhead, Guns N' Roses, Nirvana, Red Hot Chili Peppers), and covered the second wave of music activism with events like Live Aid and the Amnesty International Human Rights Now! tour. Ranging from Toronto's iconic studio at 299 Queen Street West, to Vancouver's MuchWest, MuchMusic's programming travelled across Canada and connected the Canadian music scenes in an unprecedented way. With stories of the bands, the music, the videos, the specialty shows, the style and the improvisational approach to daily broadcast life at Much, Is This Live? is told by the people who were there--the colourful cast of on-air VJs, the artists who found their way into our living rooms of the nation as never before, and the people behind the cameras. As our tour guide to the first decade at MuchMusic Christopher Ward delivers a full-on dose of pop culture nostalgia from the 1980s and '90s, when the music scene in Canada changed forever.From the Trade Paperback edition.The Political History of Newfoundland, 1832-1864
By Gertrude E. Gunn. 1966
Three decades of disorder followed the establishment of representative government in Newfoundland in 1832. The pressures and processes during these…
years have given Newfoundland a political history peculiarly its own. This study examines the structure of the early political parties, the causes of popular tumult, and the effects of constitutional change during this colourful and complex period. First published in 1966, this book is still the most comprehensive investigation of a crucial phase in Newfoundland's political development.Domestic Goods
By Joy Parr. 1999
Visions of life in the 1950s often spring from the United States: supermarkets, freeways, huge gleaming cars, bright new appliances,…
automated households. Historian Joy Parr looks beyond the generalizations about the indulgence of this era to find a specifically Canadian consumer culture. Focusing on the records left by consumer groups and manufacturers, and relying on interviews and letters from many Canadian women who had set up household in the decade after the war, she reveals exactly how and why Canadian homemakers distinguished themselves from the consumer frenzy of their southern neighbours. Domestic Goods focuses primarily on the design, production, promotion, and consumption of furniture and appliances. For Parr, such a focus demands an analysis of the intertwining of the political, economic, and aesthetic. Parr examines how the shortage of appliances in the early postwar years was a direct result of government reconstruction policy, and how the international style of 'high modernism' reflected the postwar dream of free trade. But while manufacturers devised new plans for the consumer, depression-era frugality and a conscious setting of priorities within the family led potential customers to evade and rework what was offered them, eventually influencing the kinds of goods created. This book addresses questions such as, who designed furniture and appliances, and how were these designs arrived at? What was the role of consumer groups in influencing manufacturers and government policy? Why did women prefer their old wringer washers for over a decade after the automatic washer was brought in? In finding the answers the author celebrates and ultimately suggests reclaiming a particularly Canadian way of consuming.Spatial Evolution of Manufacturing: Southern Ontario 1851-1891
By James M Gilmour. 1972
Europeans who settled previously unpopulated and unexploited regions of the world during the 18th and 19th centuries of the world…
had two economic alternatives: subsistence activities or the production of primary goods for export. In general the latter prevailed and the landscape and economy were transformed. This study examines industrial growth in Southern Ontario, one of the most economically successful regions, from 1851-1891, a period when primary activities were still very important but also when today's industrial structure was clearly being shaped. Economists, geographers, and those in related fields will welcome this approach which unites regional economic growth theory, and an empirical examination of distributional and structural change in manufacturing, in a general explanation of the spatial development of manufacturing that is relevant to all export-based regions.Regional Aspects of Canada's Economic Growth
By Alan G. Green. 1971
Regional disparities in income have been an important part of the growth of experience of most nation states. Canada is…
no exception. In a large country, thinly populated and having a wide diversity of resources, cultures, and locational advantages, it is only natural to expect the existence of dissimilar levels of economic performance. In fact, just this diversity of physical and human backgrounds has often provided the primary thrust for variations in natural economic growth. If, therefore, a better understanding of national development is to be obtained, some attention to the growth experience of the subnational units is imperative. This study aims at widening our understanding of the Canadian growth process by focusing on the relationship between regional and national changes since the last decade of the nineteenth century.